RESUMO
31 pleural effusions from 27 patients with varied diseases were studied for specific coagulation factors and fibrinogen. In all fluids, exudates had a higher content of factors and fibrinogen than transudates. When pleural fluid to plasma total protein ratios were compared to specific coagulation factors a positive correlation existed for all. This was not true for fibrinogen. There was a poor correlation between the molecular weights of the specific factors and fibrinogen and their appearance in the pleural fluid. The concentration of factor XII in 35% and factor XI in 11% of pleural fluid exceeded their respective plasma concentration.
Assuntos
Fatores de Coagulação Sanguínea/análise , Fibrinogênio/análise , Derrame Pleural/análise , Adulto , Proteínas Sanguíneas/análise , Fator XI/análise , Fator XII/análise , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Twenty-three specimens of pleural fluid from 23 patients were examined for quantitative fibrinogen, total protein levels, and for clottability in vitro using the recalcification time. Of the 19 specimens of pleural fluid from patients without loculation, 11 (seven exudates) had no detectable fibrinogen; another 8 (six exudates) had a mean fibrinogen level of 55.0 +/- 10.2 mg percent, and a mean recalcification time of 19.4 +/- 2.6 minutes. The pleural fluids from the four patients with loculation had no detectable fibrinogen. The only fluids containing fibrinolytic activity were from the nonloculated non-fibrinogen-containing group. No correlation existed between pleural fluid/plasma total protein ratios and pleural fluid/plasma fibrinogen ratios. In vitro clottability in this study did not reflect the in vivo tendency for coagulation and loculation.
Assuntos
Fibrinogênio/análise , Derrame Pleural/análise , Adulto , Artrite Reumatoide/patologia , Testes de Coagulação Sanguínea , Proteínas Sanguíneas/análise , Feminino , Fibrinólise , Insuficiência Cardíaca/patologia , Doença de Hodgkin/patologia , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Cirrose Hepática/patologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pneumonia/patologia , Tuberculose Pulmonar/patologiaRESUMO
Forty-two patients with Stage IV carcinoma of the breast were treated with an oral program of combination chemotherapy consisting of three drugs: methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, and cyclophosphamide (substituting 1, 3-bis (2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea in cases with central nervous system involvement). Sixty-four percent of the patients responded to the therapy, with a mean and a median duration of remission of 10.7 and 10.0 months, and a mean and median survival of 12.3 and 13 months. This therapeutic program is equally effective for pre- and postmenopausal patients and does not appear to be influenced by prior response to hormonal manipulation, single or combination drug therapy, or duration of disease. The results are comparable to those shown by previous authors. Toxicity in this group, however, was minimal, and patient acceptance excellent.
