The effects on bacterial translocation and tissue damage of selenium treatment in an experimental intestina ischaemia-reperfusion model.

BACKGROUND: The free oxygen radicals formed with reperfusion following intestinal ischaemia are extremely toxic for the cells. Glutathione peroxidase, an important enzyme that prevents the formation of reactive oxygen species, requires selenium as a co-factor. This study aims to demonstrate the effects of selenium administration on reducing ischaemia-reperfusion damage. METHODS: In this study, 28 male Wistar rats were separated into four groups. To Groups 3 and 4, sodium selenite at the dose of 10 µg/kg/day was administered intraperitoneally for five days. In Groups 1 and 3, laparotomy was applied, and in Groups 2 and 4, following laparotomy, ischaemia was created by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 45 mins, then reperfusion was provided for 90 mins. Blood, liver and ileum samples were taken from all the animals for examination of malondialdehyde. For examination of bacterial translocation, liver, spleen and mesenteric lymph node tissue samples were taken. A sample taken from the ileum was examined histopathologically. RESULTS: There was determined to be significantly more bacterial translocation in the mesenteric lymph nodes of the ischaemia-reperfusion group (p<0.05). In the histopathological evaluation, the score in the ischaemia-reperfusion group was significantly higher than the scores in the other groups (p<0.05). Elevated serum, liver and ileum malondialdehyde levels in the ischaemia-reperfusion group were significantly higher than those in the other groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Selenium was seen to have decreased serum and tissue malondialdehyde levels and increased the histopathological damage developing in the intestines with ischaemia-reperfusion and thereby increased bacterial translocation.

Comparison of the Effects of Plateletrich Plasma Prepared in Various Forms on the Healing of Dermal Wounds in Rats.

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to evaluate the effects of 3 different forms of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the healing process, wound healing rate, and histopathological changes that occur during recovery of open dermal wounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 2 cm x 1 cm full-thickness skin defect was made on the backs of 40 Wistar female rats that were divided into 4 groups of 10. In group 1 (control group), the wounds were cleaned with saline; in group 2, the wounds were covered with PRP gel obtained by single centrifugation; in group 3, the wounds were covered with liquid PRP obtained by double centrifugation; and in group 4, PRP gel obtained by double centrifugation with added thrombin was applied on the dermal wounds. All treatments were applied on postoperative days 1, 4, 7, and 10. RESULTS: In all PRP groups, the wound closure was almost complete on day 14 while the wound contraction progressed more slowly in the control group. The mean histopathological scores of epithelialization, inflammation, and fibrosis were significantly better in all PRP groups than the scores in the control group. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, although all PRP preparations had positive effects on dermal wound healing, double centrifuged PRP topical treatments (with or without thrombin activation) are more effective than single centrifuged PRP, and double centrifugation methods should be preferred for the preparation of PRP.

Does the presence of a mesh have an effect on the testicular blood flow after surgical repair of indirect inguinal hernia?

PURPOSE: Modern treatment of inguinal hernias includes prosthetic mesh repairs. However, direct contact of the mesh to the vessels in the inguinal canal and perimesh fibrosis may have a negative impact on testicular flow. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the effect of mesh implantation/perimesh fibrosis on testicular flow after repair of indirect inguinal hernias (IIHs). METHOD: Forty-eight male patients with unilateral IIH were included. Both testicular parenchyma were assessed using gray-scale sonography, and color/spectral Doppler sonography was performed to evaluate testicular arterial impedance, perfusion, and venous flow. Measurements were made bilaterally at the level of the inguinal canal 1 day before and at the end of the 2nd month after the operation. RESULTS: There was no difference in testicular and echotexture perfusion between the hernia and the control sides pre- and postoperatively. No venous thrombosis was found. In all groups, resistance index and pulsatility index, measured at 4 levels, were highest in the proximal inguinal canal and lowest at the extratesticular-intrascrotal level (p < 0.05). For all Doppler parameters there was no significant difference between the pre- and postoperative measurements on both the hernia and the control sides. CONCLUSION: Mesh implantation/perimesh fibrosis does not adversely affect ipsilateral testicular flow. Mesh application is still a safe procedure in male patients in whom testicular function is important.

Acute appendicitis presenting with abdominal wall and right groin abscess: a case report.

We report a case of right lower abdominal wall and groin abscess resulting from acute appendicitis. The patient was an 27-year-old man who had no apparent abdominal signs and was brought to the hospital due to progressive painful swelling of right lower abdomen and the groin for 10 d. Significant inflammatory changes of soft tissue involving the right lower trunk were noted without any apparent signs of peritonitis. Laboratory results revealed leukocytosis. Abdominal ultrasonography described the presence of abscess at right inguinal site also communicating with the intraabdominal region. Right inguinal exploration and laparotomy were performed and about 250 mL of pus was drained from the subcutaneous tissue and preperitoneal space. No collection of pus was found intraabdominally and subserous acute appendicitis was the cause of the abscess. The patient fully recovered at the end of the second post-operation week. This case reminds us that acute appendicitis may have an atypical clinical presentation and should be treated carefully on an emergency basis to avoid serious complications.

Primary anorectal malignant melanoma: two case reports and review of the literature.

Anorectal melanoma is a very rare tumor with poor prognosis because of delay in diagnosis. It is often mistaken for benign conditions such as hemorrhoids or rectal polyps. Surgical treatment ranges from local excision to radical abdominoperinal resection. Herein, we report 2 cases of anorectal malignant melanoma and further review the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in light of the pertinent literature.