Isolation and characterization of agro-waste biomass sapodilla seeds as reinforcement in potential polymer composite applications.

Fillers or particulate fillers find a growing utilization as reinforcement material in polymer composites due to their ability to enhance the properties of the ensuing composites. The discarded seed in sapodilla fruit is available in abundant and the shell of the seed can be used as a reinforcing filler. The primary goal of this study is to extract and characterize the sapodilla seed shell powder (SSS) physically and chemically in order to assess its potential for reinforcement as a particulate filler in polymer composites. The sapodilla seed shell filler was characterized experimentally by Physio-chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). The morphology and the filler size were determined by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Particle size analysis. The thermal degradation behaviour was evaluated by Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).

Management of pelvic injuries in hemodynamically unstable polytrauma patients - Challenges and current updates.

Pelvic injuries are notorious for causing rapid exsanguination, and also due to concomitant injuries and complications, they have a relatively higher mortality rate. Management of pelvic fractures in hemodynamically unstable patients is a challenging task and has been variably approached. Over the years, various concepts have evolved, and different guidelines and protocols were established in regional trauma care centers based mainly on their previous experience, outcomes, and availability of resources. More recently, damage control resuscitation, pelvic angioembolization, and acute definitive internal fixation are being employed in the management of these unstable injuries, without clear consensus or guidelines. In this background, we have performed a computerized search using the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed databases on studies published over the past 30 years. This comprehensive review aims to consolidate available literature on the current epidemiology, diagnostics, resuscitation, and management options of pelvic fractures in polytraumatized patients with hemodynamic instability with particular focus on damage control resuscitation, pelvic angioembolization, and acute definitive internal fixation.