Transfusion-transmitted hepatitis E in a misleading context of autoimmunity and drug-induced toxicity.

Hepatitis E is currently diagnosed after all other causes of hepatitis have been excluded. Moreover, HEV testing is not performed to prevent blood transmission in developed countries. We report here on the case of a patient with acute hepatitis while receiving potentially hepatotoxic medications for autoimmune disorders, with low-level autoimmune markers and negative "standard" viral markers; it was finally determined that he was suffering from transfusion-transmitted hepatitis E.

[What are the rules and regulations for blood product transfusion in France?]. / Quelles sont les étapes règlementaires encadrant une transfusion sanguine?

In France, there are many rules and regulations for blood product transfusion. The clinician who prescribes a blood transfusion must go step by step, except for a vital emergency (must be procedured). He must have: informed consent, immunohaematologic results, specific prescription with quantity and quality of products, realisation of blood transfusion with many administrative and technical necessary controls, and prevent adverse events. A nurse or a midwife can realise the blood transfusion if there is a clinician able to intervene quickly. The blood transfusion must be noted in a medical file which is kept for thirty years. Absolute respect of these rules is the guarantee of transfusion security.