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2.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 62(6): 579-82, 2005 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15927124

RESUMO

Echocardiography allows visualization of the origin of the coronary arteries and their proximal trajectory but evaluation of the middle and distal portions of these vessels is limited. Invasive coronary angiography is currently the procedure of choice to evaluate coronary anatomy. New imaging techniques have recently been developed that allow coronary structures to be visualized. One of these techniques is multislice or multidetector computed tomography (MSCT) which provides a static image of the final distribution of contrast in the vascular tree. We report a patient in whom a differential diagnosis between myopericarditis and myocardial ischemia was being considered. MSCT coronary angiography allowed the coronary tree to be visualized and anomalies in this location to be ruled out. The main limitations of MSCT coronary angiography in children are elevated cardiac frequency, making high quality images difficult to obtain, and irradiation. Although the use of MSCT coronary angiography to evaluate coronary arteries in the pediatric population currently presents considerable limitations, this procedure can be useful in selected children with suspected congenital anomalies, aneurysms or coronary fistulas who are not considered suitable candidates for conventional invasive coronary angiography.


Assuntos
Angiografia Coronária , Doença das Coronárias/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Adolescente , Angiografia Coronária/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos
3.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 62(6): 579-582, jun. 2005. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-038008

RESUMO

La ecocardiografía es una técnica que permite visualizar el origen de las arterias coronarias y su trayecto proximal, pero la valoración de los trayectos medios y distales de dichos vasos es limitada. La angiografía coronaria invasiva es actualmente el procedimiento de elección para la evaluación de la anatomía coronaria. Recientemente han surgido nuevas técnicas de imagen que permiten la visualización de la anatomía cardíaca entre las que destaca la tomografía computarizada multicorte o multidetector (TCM) que ofrece una imagen estática de la distribución final del contraste en el árbol vascular. A propósito de un paciente en el que se planteó el diagnóstico diferencial entre miopericarditis e isquemia miocárdica se presenta una angiografía coronaria mediante TCM que permitió el estudio del árbol coronario y descartar anomalías en esa localización. Las principales limitaciones de la angiografía mediante TCM en niños son la frecuencia cardíaca elevada que dificulta la obtención de imágenes de calidad en niños pequeños y la irradiación. Aunque la aplicación de la TCM en la población infantil para valorar las arterias coronarias tiene, por el momento, importantes limitaciones, puede resultar útil en niños seleccionados con sospecha de anomalías congénitas, aneurismas o fístulas coronarias y que no se consideren candidatos para la práctica de una angiografía coronaria invasiva convencional


Echocardiography allows visualization of the origin of the coronary arteries and their proximal trajectory but evaluation of the middle and distal portions of these vessels is limited. Invasive coronary angiography is currently the procedure of choice to evaluate coronary anatomy. New imaging techniques have recently been developed that allow coronary structures to be visualized. One of these techniques is multislice or multidetector computed tomography (MSCT) which provides a static image of the final distribution of contrast in the vascular tree. We report a patient in whom a differential diagnosis between myopericarditis and myocardial ischemia was being considered. MSCT coronary angiography allowed the coronary tree to be visualized and anomalies in this location to be ruled out. The main limitations of MSCT coronary angiography in children are elevated cardiac frequency, making high quality images difficult to obtain, and irradiation. Although the use of MSCT coronary angiography to evaluate coronary arteries in the pediatric population currently presents considerable limitations, this procedure can be useful in selected children with suspected congenital anomalies, aneurysms or coronary fistulas who are not considered suitable candidates for conventional invasive coronary angiography


Assuntos
Masculino , Adolescente , Humanos , Angiografia Coronária/métodos , Doença das Coronárias , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos
4.
Rev Neurol ; 30(12): 1157-60, 2000.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10935243

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: There are many causes of acquired non-dystonic torticollis: cervical bony anomalies, nasopharyngeal infections, tumours of the spinal cord, and posterior fossa, ocular, vestibular and gastrointestinal disorders. In children, non-dystonic is commoner than dystonic torticollis, except for in adverse reactions to drugs. Palatopharyngeal lesions due to a rigid object being impacted in the mouth (pencil-injury) are common in childhood. Many are not dangerous and require no specific treatment, although there is a risk of perforation of the pharyngeal wall and of a retropharyngeal abscess. CLINICAL CASE: We report the case of a 9 year old boy who was seen in the Emergency Department complaining of fever present for four days and progressive cervical rigidity for the past two days which did not improve with myorelaxant drugs. A lateral X-ray of the spine showed prevertebral air and on the oesophagogram a fistula tract was seen. On further questioning the boy admitted that a stick he had had in his mouth had caused damage the day before his fever started. CT showed the extent of the abscess. After a week of treatment with antibiotics and corticosteroids the clinical features disappeared, and on CT after two weeks it was seen that the abscess had resolved. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that a lateral radiograph of the neck should be done in cases of acquired torticollis, even though there is no suspicious clinical history. Early diagnosis and treatment of retropharyngeal abscesses is essential to prevent extension to adjacent structures, and atlanto-axoid subluxation secondary to the oedema and tension of the ligaments caused by the abscess (Grisel's syndrome).


Assuntos
Distonia/diagnóstico , Abscesso Retrofaríngeo/complicações , Torcicolo/diagnóstico , Torcicolo/etiologia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Criança , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Masculino , Faringe/diagnóstico por imagem , Abscesso Retrofaríngeo/diagnóstico , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Esteroides , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Torcicolo/tratamento farmacológico
5.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 30(12): 1157-1160, 16 jun., 2000.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-20520

RESUMO

Introducción. Existen muchas causas de tortícolis no distónico adquirido: anomalías óseas cervicales, infecciones nasofaríngeas, tumores de médula espinal y de fosa posterior, alteraciones oculares, vestibulares y gastrointestinales. En niños, el tortícolis no distónico es más frecuente que el distónico, a excepción de la reacción adversa a fármacos. Las lesiones palatofaríngeas debidas a una impactación de un objeto rígido en la boca (pencilinjury) son comunes en la infancia. Muchas son inocuas y no requieren tratamiento específico, aunque existe el riesgo de perforación de la pared faríngea y de un absceso retrofaríngeo. Caso clínico. Presentamos el caso de un niño de 9 años que acudió a urgencias por fiebre de cuatro días y en los dos últimos rigidez cervical progresiva que no cedía con miorrelajantes. La Rx lateral de columna evidenció aire prevertebral y el esofagograma mostró un trayecto fistuloso. Al reinterrogar al niño confesó que se había clavado un palo que llevaba en la boca el día antes de iniciar la fiebre. La TAC mostró la extensión del absceso. A la semana de antibioterapia y corticosteroides desapareció la clínica, y el absceso en la TAC a las dos semanas se había resuelto. Conclusiones. Proponemos realizar siempre una Rx lateral del cuello ante un tortícolis adquirido, incluso en ausencia de antecedentes sospechosos. El diagnóstico y tratamiento temprano de los abscesos retrofaríngeos es esencial para prevenir su extensión a estructuras adyacentes así como la subluxación atlanto-axoidea secundaria al edema y estiramiento ligamentoso que ocasiona el absceso (síndrome de Grisel) (AU)


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Assuntos
Criança , Masculino , Humanos , Esteroides , Torcicolo , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Abscesso Retrofaríngeo , Faringe , Anti-Inflamatórios , Antibacterianos , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Distonia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
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