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1.
Front Psychol ; 8: 564, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28443056

RESUMO

Even though the majority of living kidney donor candidates appear in good mental health and show few concerns little is known concerning the influence of the type of donor-recipient relationship on donor candidates' specific concerns with regard to kidney donation. 136 donor candidates at Virgen del Rocío University Hospital of Seville filled in the Scale of Concerns Regarding Living Kidney Donation of whom 105 donor candidates and their corresponding recipients (105 patients with End-Stage Renal Disease) were further evaluated with regard to mental health (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Beck Depression Inventory-II) and quality of life (SF-36 Health Survey). As hypothesized recipients scored higher on depression and lower on quality of life. Donor candidates intending to donate to their children were significantly less concerned about risks of donation for themselves compared to donor candidates donating to siblings. Our findings highlight the importance of the type of donor-recipient relationship to understand specific concerns of donor candidates and optimize psychosocial assessment and support. From an evolutionary perspective parents lack of concern about their own well-being can be seen as an altruistic behavior to increase children's fitness at the (potential) expense of their own fitness.

2.
Front Psychol ; 8: 18, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28163691

RESUMO

The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in coping strategies employed by liver transplant recipients and their family members according to patient posttraumatic growth. Two matched groups of 214 liver transplant recipients and 214 family members were selected. The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory and Brief COPE were used. The most relevant results were: (1) Interactive effects in active coping, support (instrumental and emotional) and acceptance strategies, which were all used more by patients with higher growth levels, while their family members showed no differences in use of these strategies by patient growth level. Furthermore, while a low level of patient growth did not mark differences between them and their caregivers, a high level did, patients employing more active coping and support (instrumental and emotional), (2) In both groups a high level of patient growth was associated with more use of positive reframing and denial than a low one, and (3) Self-blame was employed by patients more than by their caregivers. It was concluded that a high level of posttraumatic growth in liver transplant recipients is associated with more use of healthy coping strategies, basically active coping, instrumental support, and emotional support.

3.
J Clin Psychol Med Settings ; 20(3): 373-82, 2013 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23613108

RESUMO

This study aimed to determine biopsychosocial differences (anxious-depressive symptomatology and quality of life) among three groups of patients who underwent surgical interventions related to body manipulation, as well as to assess the clinical significance of these results versus reference values. Four groups were compared: women who underwent organ transplant (n = 26), mastectomy for breast cancer (n = 36), breast reconstruction (n = 36), and general population (n = 608). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the EORTC QLQ-C30 were used. Women who underwent mastectomy showed the highest anxious-depressive symptomatology and quality-of-life impairment in comparison to the remaining groups, and they also displayed the most clinically significant deterioration in the majority of dimensions (large effect sizes). In contrast, the group with implantation of a healthy organ (transplantation) only showed higher biopsychosocial impairment than the group with reconstruction of an organ (breast reconstruction) in gastrointestinal dysfunctions and in the global self-perception of health.


Assuntos
Ansiedade/psicologia , Depressão/psicologia , Mamoplastia/psicologia , Mastectomia/psicologia , Transplante de Órgãos/psicologia , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Satisfação do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica/estatística & dados numéricos , Autoimagem , Inquéritos e Questionários
4.
J Clin Psychol Med Settings ; 20(1): 97-106, 2013 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22622855

RESUMO

Our aim was to analyze the differences in quality of life and mental health among liver transplant recipients with better (G(1)) and worse (G(2)) perceived health and decompensated cirrhotic patients (G(3)). We selected two groups of patients: 168 liver transplant recipients and 75 cirrhotic patients. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and SF-36 Health Survey were used. Statistically significant differences showed that cirrhotic patients (G(3)) suffered the highest impairment, and liver transplant recipients with better self-perceived health (G(1)) had the lowest impairment, whereas patients with worse self-perceived health (G(2)) were in an intermediate position between both groups. Moreover, very striking differences, based on large effect sizes, were found among groups on some quality of life dimensions: physical-role, general health, vitality, and physical functioning. In conclusion, the biopsychosocial well-being of liver transplant recipients is better than that of cirrhotic patients, even if the former do not perceive their health positively.


Assuntos
Autoavaliação Diagnóstica , Nível de Saúde , Cirrose Hepática/psicologia , Cirrose Hepática/cirurgia , Falência Hepática/psicologia , Falência Hepática/cirurgia , Transplante de Fígado/psicologia , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Transplante/psicologia , Adulto , Transtornos de Ansiedade/diagnóstico , Transtornos de Ansiedade/psicologia , Transtorno Depressivo/diagnóstico , Transtorno Depressivo/psicologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Testes de Função Hepática , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Papel do Doente , Espanha , Inquéritos e Questionários
5.
An. psicol ; 26(1): 58-71, ene.-jun. 2010. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-79498

RESUMO

El objetivo de este trabajo es construir el Inventario de Fobia a la Sangre-Inyecciones (BIPI) y determinar la fiabilidad y validez de un instrumento para medir la ansiedad y fobia a la sangre, adaptado a la población española. El BIPI recoge las propiedades psicométricas en 174 participantes. Es un inventario compuesto de 18 situaciones o estímulos relacionados con la sangre y 27 síntomas fóbicos, valorados en una escala de Likert con cuatro opciones de respuesta. El coeficiente alfa de Cronbach es .98 y posee una buena validez concurrente, convergente y discriminante. El análisis factorial identifica un factor significativo, lo que sugiere que la fobia a la sangre es un constructo unitario. Los resultados revelan que el BIPI posee unas medidas psicométricas adecuadas y es un instrumento válido y fiable para evaluar la fobia a la sangre en población española (AU)


The aim of this study was to develop the Blood-Injection Phobia Inventory (BIPI) and thus provide a valid and reliable assessment instrument for measuring blood anxiety and blood phobia in Spanish population. This study examined the psychometric properties of the BIPI in 174 Spanish-speaking subjects. The BIPI is a self-administered questionnaire of 18 items or stimulus content and 27 phobic responses that can be used on a 4-point Likert-type format. The scale had a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.98 and showed good concurrent, convergent, and discriminant validity. Factor analysis of the BIPI identified one significant factor, suggesting that blood phobia is a unitary psychometric construct. This factor explained 76% of stimulus content and 74% of phobic responses of the total variance. Results of this study suggest that the BIPI has adequate psychometric properties that make it a valid and reliable instrument to assess blood phobia in Spanish-speaking individuals (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Transtornos Fóbicos/diagnóstico , Sangue , Psicometria/instrumentação , Teoria da Construção Pessoal , Inventário de Personalidade
6.
Psicol. conduct ; 17(3): 499-521, sept.-dic. 2009. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-98349

RESUMO

El objetivo es determinar la eficacia de un programa de prevención (PP) para el desarrollo de TCA, aplicado en seis sesiones a 115 chicas de 1º y 2º de ESO (edad media= 12,71; DT= 0,72). Pre, post-programa y al año de seguimiento se aplicaron el EAT-40 y el BSQ. Post-programa, se administró una encuesta que evaluaba la capacidad para identificar la influencia de factores de riesgo. Los resultados al año de las chicas de 2º de ESO ya en 3º de ESO, se contrastaron con los obtenidos por un grupo de chicas (n= 69) del mismo curso (edad media= 14,36; DT= 0,54) no participantes en el PP. Las participantes mostraron puntuaciones muy bajas en ambos cuestionarios desde el pre-programa. Los efectos de la intervención fueron escasos, aunque se observó una alta capacidad adquirida en identificar la influencia de los factores de riesgo. En comparación con las no participantes, las participantes presentaban al año de seguimiento significativamente menos patología alimentaria y de la imagen corporal. En conclusión, el PP ha mostrado su eficacia a corto y largo plazo y el curso idóneo para su aplicación es 2º de ESO (AU)


The objective of this paper was to determine the efficacy of a program applied to 115 girls in 1st and 2nd grade in Secondary Obligatory Education (ESO) (average age=12.71; SD=0.72) in six sessions to prevent the onset of eating disorders. Pre-, post-program and after a one-year follow-up, the EAT-40 and BSQ were applied. Additionally, a questionnaire was created to assess the capability of identifying risk factors in ED development. The results were contrasted with those obtained from a group of girls (N= 69) in the same grades and of the same age (average age=14.36; SD=0.54) who did not participate in the prevention program (PP). Participants were already showing very low scores on both questionnaires from the pre-program. The effects of the intervention were scarce, although it was observed that a high capability of identifying risk factors had been acquired. When compared to the non-participants and after the one-year follow up, the participants showed significant lower eating and body image pathologies. The program has proven its efficacy both in short and long-term and the ideal school year to apply it is 2nd grade ESO


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/prevenção & controle , Comportamento Alimentar/psicologia , Autoimagem , Atitude , Fatores de Risco , Índice de Massa Corporal , Imagem Corporal , Satisfação Pessoal , Comportamento do Adolescente , Avaliação de Resultado de Ações Preventivas
7.
Psicothema (Oviedo) ; 20(2): 266-272, abr.-jun. 2008. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-167525

RESUMO

El trasplante puede llevar asociado importantes deterioros en el funcionamiento biopsicosocial. Para conocer la calidad de vida de los enfermos un año después del trasplante, se comparó a 58 trasplantados con tres grupos diferentes de enfermos (pacientes con EPOC estabilizados y descompensados, y enfermos quirúrgicos de cáncer de pulmón). Se les evaluó con el EORTC QLQ-C30 (calidad de vida) y el HAD (ansiedad y depresión). Las dimensiones de calidad de vida con diferencias intergrupales eran las de funcionamiento físico, del rol, emocional y cognitivo, la escala global de salud, y algunos síntomas (fatiga, disnea, insomnio y pérdida de apetito). Aparecían diferencias en depresión, pero no en ansiedad. En general, los trasplantados y los enfermos quirúrgicos tendían a mostrar mayores niveles de calidad de vida y mejor estado afectivo que los enfermos respiratorios crónicos. En el análisis discriminante los trasplantados eran el grupo mejor delimitado. Concluimos que el enfermo, un año después del trasplante, muestra una calidad de vida similar a la de un enfermo hospitalizado asintomático, algo mejor a la de un enfermo crónico en un momento de estabilidad clínica y mucho mejor que la de un enfermo crónico grave (AU)


Transplantation may imply severe biopsychosocial impairments. In order to know the quality of life of patients one year after transplantation, 58 subjects were compared to three different groups of patients (stabilized and acute COPD patients, and lung cancer patients in a surgery unit). Patients filled in two questionnaires: EORTC QLQ-C30 (quality of life) and HAD (anxiety and depression). The quality of life dimensions with inter-group differences were physical, role, emotional and cognitive functioning, global health status, and a number of symptoms (fatigue, dyspnea, insomnia and appetite loss). There were differences in depression, and but not in anxiety. Transplant and surgical patients showed better quality of life and affective status than chronic pulmonary patients. Discriminant analysis showed that the transplant group was the best described group. We conclude that patients, one year after transplantation, show similar quality of life as asymptomatic hospitalised patients, somewhat better than chronic patients in a stabilized stage of the disease, and much better than severe chronic patients (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Neoplasias Pulmonares/psicologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/cirurgia , Transplante de Pulmão/psicologia , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Estresse Psicológico/psicologia , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/psicologia , Disfunção Cognitiva/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Análise de Dados/métodos , Nível de Saúde
8.
Psicol. conduct ; 16(1): 103-117, ene.-abr. 2008.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-115375

RESUMO

En este estudio ex post facto hemos analizado si existen diferencias en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) en función del tipo de órgano injertado durante el primer año del trasplante. Se seleccionó un grupo de 107 pacientes trasplantados: 44 de riñón, 25 de corazón y 38 de hígado. Fueron evaluados en cuatro fases diferentes: en el momento de su inclusión en lista de espera para trasplante y a los tres, seis y doce meses de haber recibido el injerto. Todos completaron una entrevista estructurada y los siguientes instrumentos: “Cuestionario de salud SF-36” y “Cuestionario de salud Euroqol-5D” (EQ-5D). Los resultados obtenidos nos muestran diferencias en la CVRS entre los distintos tipos de pacientes trasplantados (renales, cardiacos y hepáticos) durante el proceso del trasplante. Estas diferencias son mayores en la fase pre-trasplante (AU)


In this ex post facto study we analyzed the possible differences in the Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) depending on the type of transplanted organ during the first year following transplantation. The sample included 107 transplant patients: 44 of kidney, 25 of heart and 38 of liver. The transplant patients were assessed at four different phases: at the time of inclusion in the transplant waiting list, and at three, six, and twelve months from receiving the graft. All of them filled a structured interview report and SF-36 and Euroqol-5D (EQ-5D) Health Questionnaires. There are differences in HRQOL results between patients of different transplant type (kidney, heart and liver) during the transplantation process. These differences are greater in the pre-transplant phase


Assuntos
Humanos , Qualidade de Vida , Transplante de Rim/psicologia , Transplante de Coração/psicologia , Transplante de Fígado/psicologia , Perfil de Impacto da Doença , Psicometria/instrumentação
9.
Psicothema (Oviedo) ; 17(4): 651-656, nov. 2005. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-052593

RESUMO

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la influencia del lugar de hospitalización (Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos o Unidad de Trasplantes), la salud mental (sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva) y la duración de la estancia hospitalaria (poco o mucho tiempo de hospitalización) de los trasplantados en la sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva de sus familiares más allegados. Seleccionamos dos grupos: 166 trasplantados y los 148 familiares más allegados de estos pacientes. Empleamos una «Encuesta Psicosocial» (en ambos grupos), la «Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión en Hospital» (en el grupo de trasplantados) y las «Escalas de Ansiedad y Depresión de Leeds» (en el grupo de familiares). Los resultados mostraron que los familiares presentaban más sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva cuando sus allegados trasplantados estaban ingresados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, tenían puntuaciones altas en ansiedad y depresión en la Unidad de Trasplantes y permanecían hospitalizados durante mucho tiempo en dicha Unidad


The aim of this investigation is to analyse the influence of the place of hospitalization (Intensive Care Unit or Transplant Unit), the mental health (anxiety and depression symptoms) and the duration of stay in hospital (little or a long time) of transplant patients on symptoms of anxiety and depression exhibited by close relatives of transplant patients. The subject groups were made up of 166 transplant patients and 148 close relatives. The tests applied were a «Psychological Questionnaire» (both groups), «The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale» (transplant patients) and «The Leeds Scales for the Self-Assessment of Anxiety and Depression» (relatives). The results showed that relatives exhibited more symptoms of anxiety and depression: when the transplant patients were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit, they showed high scores of anxiety and depression in the Transplant Unit and were in this unit for a long period


Assuntos
Humanos , Relações Familiares , Entrevista Psiquiátrica Padronizada , Impacto Psicossocial , Transplante de Órgãos/psicologia , Saúde Mental/estatística & dados numéricos , Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia , Epidemiologia Descritiva
10.
Span J Psychol ; 8(1): 45-55, 2005 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15875457

RESUMO

The purpose of this survey is to detect common personality features in people infected with AIDS who have a case history of drug addiction and who live in a situation of social exclusion. The sample comprised 105 male participants from the Autonomous Community of Andalusia, divided into 4 groups: (a) 30 men with AIDS, having an intravenous drug addiction case history and who live in a condition of social exclusion; (b) 30 men with IVDA case history, also living in a situation of social exclusion; (c) 15 men in a social exclusion condition; and (d) 30 men in a condition of social adaptation. The evaluation instruments were an author-designed semi-structured interview and the Multiaxial Clinical Inventory (MCMI-II; Millon, 1987). Although some differences were found, the results indicate that there is no specific personality profile in the "social exclusion" population. People in a condition of social exclusion (AIDS, drug addicts, and poor people) may obtain similar scores in the variables studied, but there is no clear specific personality profile in the excluded population, although there may be certain situations in which the segregated groups present similar behaviors. Furthermore, these behaviors do not always correspond to personality features but are adaptive responses to a harsh and complex reality.


Assuntos
Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida , Adaptação Psicológica , Transtornos da Personalidade/diagnóstico , Alienação Social , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/epidemiologia , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Transtornos da Personalidade/epidemiologia , Transtornos da Personalidade/psicologia , Inventário de Personalidade , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/epidemiologia
11.
Span. j. psychol ; 8(1): 36-44, mayo 2005. tab
Artigo em En | IBECS | ID: ibc-041576

RESUMO

The aim of this study is to analyze how the length of time a patient spends in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) affects close relatives, with regard to specific clinical variables of personality, family relation ships and fear of death. The study group consisted of 57 relatives of seriously ill patients admitted to the ICU of «Virgen del Rocío» Rehabilitation and Trauma Hospital (Seville, Spain). The instruments applied were: a psychosocial questionnaire, clinical analysis questionnaire, family environment scale and fear of death scale. The relatives of patients admitted to ICU obtained higher scores in hypochondria, suicidal depression, agitation, anxious depression, guilt-resentment, paranoia, psychasthenia, psychological mal adjustment and self-expression, and less in fear of their own death, as when compared to interviews with the same relatives 4 years later. The length of time a patient spent in the ICU influenced relatives in some clinical variables of personality, family relationships and fear of death (AU)


Hemos analizado la influencia del tiempo transcurrido desde el ingreso del paciente en la UCI en sus familiares mas allegados, sobre determinadas variables clínicas de personalidad, las relaciones familiares y el temor experimentado ante la muerte. La muestra estaba formada por 57 familiares de pacientes traumatizados graves ingresados en la UCI de Traumatología. Hemos empleado una encuesta psicosocial y los siguientes instrumentos: Cuestionario de Análisis Clínico, Escala de Clima Social en la Familia y Escala de Temor a la Muerte. Los familiares de pacientes ingresados en la UCI, comparados con los mismos familiares cuatro años después del ingreso, obtienen puntuaciones más elevadas en hipocondria, depresión suicida, agitación, depresión ansiosa, culpabilidad-resentimiento, paranoia, psicastenia, desajuste psicológico y expresividad, y menor en el temor al proceso de morir propio. El tiempo transcurrido desde el ingreso del paciente en la UCI ejerce una influencia sobre sus familiares en algunas variables clínicas de personalidad, las relaciones familiares y el temor experimentado ante la muerte (AU)


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Adaptação Psicológica , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Cuidados Críticos/psicologia , Relações Familiares , Atitude Frente a Morte , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Medo/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários
12.
Span. j. psychol ; 8(1): 45-55, mayo 2005. tab, graf
Artigo em En | IBECS | ID: ibc-041577

RESUMO

The purpose of this survey is to detect common personality features in people infected with AIDS who have a case history of drug addiction and who live in a situation of social exclusion. The sample comprised 105 male participants from the Autonomous Community of Andalusia, divided into 4 groups: (a) 30 men with AIDS, having an intravenous drug addiction case history and who live in a condition of social exclusion; (b) 30 men with IVDA case history, also living in a situation of social exclusion; (c) 15 men in a social exclusion condition; and (d) 30 men in a condition of social adaptation. The evaluation instruments were an author-designed semi-structured interview and the Multiaxial Clinical Inventory (MCMI-II; Millon, 1987). Although some differences were found, the results indicate that there is no specific personality profile in the «social exclusion» population. People in a condition of social exclusion (AIDS, drug addicts, and poor people) may obtain similar scores in the variables studied, but there is no clear specific personality profile in the excluded population, although there may be certain situations in which the segregated groups present similar behaviors. Furthermore, these behaviors do not always correspond to personality features but are adaptive responses to a harsh and complex reality (AU)


El objetivo de este estudio es detectar rasgos comunes de personalidad en personas afectadas por el SIDA con antecedentes de drogadicción y que viven en una situación de exclusión social. La muestra está formada por 105 varones de la Comunidad Autónoma Andaluza, distribuida en cuatro grupos: (a) 30 personas con SIDA, con historial de adicción a drogas vía parenteral (ADVP)y que viven en una situación de exclusión social; (b) 30 personas con historial de ADVP y en situación de exclusión social; (c) 15 personas en situación de exclusión social y (d) 30 personas en situación de adaptación social. Las medidas de evaluación fueron: Entrevista semiestructurada de elaboración propia y el Inventario Multiaxial Clínico de Millon MCMI-II (Millon, 1987). Los resultados indican que, a pesar de las diferencias encontradas, no existe un perfil de personalidad específico en la población de «exclusión social». En general, las personas en situación de exclusión social (grupos SIDA, drogadicción y pobreza) presentan puntuaciones similares en las variables estudiadas, pero ello no indica de forma clara que exista un perfil de personalidad en la población de exclusión, sino que tal vez debido a determinadas situaciones, los grupos de excluidos presenten conductas similares y que dichos comportamientos no siempre corresponden a rasgos de personalidad sino a respuestas adaptativas a una compleja y dura realidad (AU)


Assuntos
Masculino , Humanos , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/psicologia , Preconceito , Isolamento Social/psicologia , Adaptação Psicológica , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Análise de Variância , Inventário de Personalidade
13.
Psicothema (Oviedo) ; 15(1): 58-64, feb. 2003.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-17782

RESUMO

Una relación dual en psicoterapia ocurre cuando el terapeuta se encuentra manteniendo, además de la terapéutica, otra relación diferente con un paciente que puede ser social (no sexual o sexual), profesional, financiera, etc. El objetivo de este estudio es examinar si un grupo de 200 alumnos de los últimos cursos de la licenciatura en Psicología identifican como no éticas seis situaciones expuestas en un cuestionario diseñado por nosotros que implicaban el establecimiento de alguna relación dual de tipo social (de amistad, pareja o sexual), con algún cliente/paciente antiguo o actual. Se observaron dificultades en la identificación como no éticas de algunas de las situaciones propuestas, sobre todo las que implicaban relaciones de amistad con clientes/pacientes antiguos. El conocimiento previo del Código Deontológico del Psicólogo no proporcionó a los participantes la orientación suficiente para identificar y resolver los dilemas éticos derivados del establecimiento de relaciones duales (AU)


A dual relationship in psychotherapy occurs when the therapist is in another, significantly different relationship with one of his/her patients that could be social (not sexual or sexual), professional, financial, etc. The aim of this study is to examine if a group of 200 psychology students in the last course of the career, identify as unethical six scenarios proposed in a questionnaire designed by the authors that involve the establishment of some type social dual relationship (of friendship, couple or sexual), with former or current clients/patients. Difficulties were observed in the identification as unethical of some scenarios proposed in the questionnaire, mainly those that involve relationships of friendship with former clients/patients. The previous knowledge of the Spanish psychologist Deontological Code did not provide enough guidance to the participants in the identification and resolution of the ethical dilemmas derived from the establishment of dual relationships (AU)


Assuntos
Feminino , Masculino , Humanos , Ética Profissional , Relações Interpessoais , Psicoterapia
14.
Psicol. conduct ; 10(1): 31-46, ene. 2002.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-11071

RESUMO

Los aspectos psicosociales de la Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica (EPOC) han sido abordados especialmente desde el ámbito de la Calidad de Vida, pero disponemos de pocos instrumentos útiles para evaluarla. Hemos estudiado el funcionamiento del cuestionario EORTC QLQ-C30 tras aplicarlo a dos grupos de enfermos con EPOC (32 enfermos estabilizados y 32 enfermos en un momento de descompensación). Encontramos que esta prueba proporciona perfiles diferentes acordes a las distintas situaciones médicas, muestra buenos índices de fiabilidad y tiene una aceptable capacidad predictiva sobre las alteraciones afectivas (ansiedad y depresión evaluadas con el Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). Concluimos que este cuestionario puede ser utilizado como base para elaborar un instrumento específico para esta población. Además, encontramos datos que muestran el gran deterioro vital que puede implicar una EPOC (AU)


Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Qualidade de Vida , Síndromes da Apneia do Sono , Apoio Social , Prognóstico , Aptidão/fisiologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Análise de Regressão , Pneumopatias Obstrutivas/psicologia , Condicionamento Físico Humano/psicologia , Ansiedade/psicologia , Depressão/psicologia , Estresse Fisiológico/diagnóstico , Estresse Fisiológico/complicações , Estresse Fisiológico/psicologia
15.
Psicothema (Oviedo) ; 13(1): 63-67, feb. 2001. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-15572

RESUMO

La necesidad de caracterizar a nivel psicosocial a distintos grupos de enfermos ha llevado al uso de diversos conceptos, entre los que destaca el de Conducta de Enfermedad. Hemos evaluado la capacidad de este concepto para diferenciar entre tres grupos de enfermos (EPOC estabilizados, EPOC descompensados y Cáncer de pulmón quirúrgico). Para ello hemos utilizado el Illness Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ) y aplicado un Análisis Discriminante. Nuestros resultados han mostrado la capacidad de este concepto para distinguir a enfermos con patologías diversas, especialmente entre aquellos que padecen una enfermedad crónica aguda. (AU)


The need of characterizing psychosocially different groups of patients has lead to the use of several concepts, among which Illness Behavior could be highlighted. We have assessed the capacity of this concept to differentiate among three groups of patients (stabilized COPD, acute COPD and surgical lung cancer). Illness Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ) has been employed, and Discriminant Analysis has been applied. The results indicated that this concept distinguishes among patients with diverse pathologies, especially among those who suffer a chronic and acute disease (AU)


Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Pacientes/psicologia , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Doença Crônica/psicologia , Papel do Doente , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Neoplasias Pulmonares/psicologia
16.
Clín. salud ; 11(3): 309-328, sept. 2000.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-14219

RESUMO

El concepto de Calidad de Vida en la Salud es utilizado con profusión, si bien no ha sido satisfactoria y consensuadamente definido. Hemos realizado un repaso histórico que nos ha permitido contextualizar este concepto, enfatizando las circunstancias que han permitido su desarrollo: cambios en el concepto de salud, distinción entre cantidad y calidad de vida, y limitaciones de los indicadores tradicionales de salud. Hemos analizado los distintos dominios en que es descompuesto, y revisado los problemas a los que se enfrenta su evaluación. Además, hemos propuesto un continuum en el que se recogerían las definiciones de este concepto, recorriendo un amplio rango desde un enfoque objetivo y naturalista hasta otro subjetivo y hermenéutico. Finalmente, planteamos la necesidad de avanzar en su delimitación conceptual y mantener una mayor rigurosidad en su uso (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Qualidade de Vida , Saúde
17.
An. psicol ; 16(2): 157-166, jul. 2000.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-8930

RESUMO

El concepto de Conducta de Enfermedad ha permitido fructíferos acercamientos a la comprensión psicosocial del enfermar humano, pero en la actualidad es usado de una manera vaga y confusa. Hemos realizado un repaso histórico de este concepto, atendiendo especialmente a las formas en que ha sido utilizado. También hemos analizado la situación de crisis conceptual en la que se encuentra, y planteado la necesidad de delimitar con claridad las dimensiones que lo configuran. (AU)


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Comportamento/fisiologia , Terapia Comportamental/métodos , Apoio Social , Doença/psicologia , Inibição Psicológica , Negação em Psicologia , Humor Irritável/fisiologia , Hipocondríase/psicologia , Percepção/fisiologia , Percepção Social , Relações Interpessoais , Crise de Identidade
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