[Urea (H-N) concentrations in serum and urine including determination variants]. / Eine alle Harnstoff (H-N)-Konzentrationen im Serum und Harn erfassende Bestimmungsvariante.

After a concise interpretation of the urea and creatinine values a new variant of the determination of the urea concentration in the serum, the plasma, the urine and other body fluids is described. The determination is done by means of Berthelot's reaction, requires 50 microliters serum and comprehends the concentration range of 0.1 to 100 mmol/l (0.6 to 600 mg urea/100 ml). The method has a good precision, is inexpensive and renders the determination of urea possible in less than one hour.

[Effect of food deprivation on acid-base and blood-gas parameters]. / Der Einfluss des Nahrungsentzugs auf die Säure-Basen- und Blutgas-Parameter.

The changes of the acid-base- and blood-gas parameters were continuously measured during a two-day food abstinence (but fluid intake free of calories) by means of the blood-gas-automaton ABL 1 with the help of 20 test persons. The denutrition causes a decrease of the metabolic components and of the pCO2, but not of the blood-pH and pO2. The decrease of the concentrations of BE (about 2 mmol/l) as well as HCO3 and TCO2 (in each case 2-3 mmol/l) caused by abstain from food are no indication for a therapy.

[Effect of infusions on blood glucose determinations--comparative determinations by the DAB7(D.L.) methods and a newly developed glucometer]. / Einfluss von Infusionen auf die Bestimmung der Blutglukose--Vergleichsbestimmung zwischen DAB 7 (D.L.)-Methoden und dem neuentwickelten Glukometer.

The influence of 22 various infusions on the determination of the blood glucose by means of glucometer and DAB 7 (D.L.)-methods [o-toluidine, hexocyanoferrat (III)] was investigated. Only the principle of the newly developed apparatus glucometer is not disturbed by infusions and represents an alternative solution for surgery, urology, paediatrics and intensive medicine, particularly since the measuring value is present at any time in few seconds.

[Comparative studies on the evaluation of leukocyturia by means of counting chambers, sediment microscopy and the Cytur test]. / Vergleichende Untersuchungen über die Auswertung der Leukozyturie mittels Kammerzählung, Sediment-Gesichtsfeldmethode und Cytur-Test.

For the purpose of quantitative evaluation of leucocyturias we examined the spontaneous urine (mid-stream method) of 260 patients with nephropathies. The quantitative chamber counting of non-centrifuged urine was compared with the microscopic examination of spun sediment and the Cytur-test. The microscopic examination of spun sediment has to be declined because of high falsely positive and negative results. The Cytur-test is to be performed in a simple way and of high evidence. It is referred to the necessity of an application of test-stripes for leucocyturia.

[Development of methods for the qualitative and quantitative determination of urinary glucose]. / Entwicklungsstand der qualitativen und quantitativen Bestimmungen der Harnglukose.

The methods for proof and determination of urinary glucose practiced in the GDR are discussed and in a comparative determination confronted to the hexokinase method (Glucoquant). Apart from this the Biophan-G stripe was compared with the multi-test stripes Ecur-test (Boehringer) and N-multistix (Ames). The methods of urinary glucose which are declared as obligatory for the GDR in the DAB 7 (D. L.) do no more correspond to the present level of knowledge. The Biophan-G stripe is the exception. By means of Ecur-test and N-multistix an in every case a 98 per cent correct semiquantitative evaluation was obtained in 250 different urines, in the Biophan-G stripe a 94 per cent evaluation.

[Effect of heparin on acid-base and blood gas parameters]. / Der Einfluss bon Heparin auf die Säure-Basen- und Blutgas-Parameter.

The influence of blood-heparin-mixing proportion on the acid-base- and blood-gas parameters was measured by means of the blood-gas- automation ABL 1 with the help of 15 test persons. More than 0.15 ml heparin per ml blood, i.e. more than 750 I.U. heparin per ml blood falsify the measuring data and may lead to wrong diagnostic and therapeutic measures. In clinical practice for one 2-ml-blood test only the dead space of the plastic of various producers are characterized by acid-base- and gas values considerable differing from each other. However, they do not influence the blood parameters. By heparin-Weddel (Wales), heparin-Spofa (CSSR), heparin-Richer (Hungary) and heparin-Polfa (Poland) the same acid-base- and blood gas values will be obtained.

[Changes in serum parameters after oral alcohol intake in healthy men]. / Veränderungen von Serumparametern nach peroraler Alkoholaufnahme bei Gesunden.

A short-time-study (1 to 24 hours) and a long-time-study (1 to 96 hours) after a single alcohol intake were made in 23 healthy probands. The pancreas and liver parameters as alpha-amylase, bilirubin, ASAT, ALAT, gamma-GT and GLDH in the serum were determined at regular intervals. The pancreas showed a sensitive reaction to alcohol expressed by an early rise of lipase activity. The liver enzymes of young healthy probands remained unchanged. Older probands, on the other hand, react by a distinct increase of the gamma-GT and GLDH as well as a decrease of the ASAT and ALAT. Also the enzyme quotients gamma-GT/ASAT and (ASAT + ALAT)/GLDH be obviously well suited to recognizing very early stages of liver lesion by serum examinations. For this purpose only a definite alcohol intake (I ml ethanol per kg body weight) is necessary.

[Changes in acid-base and blood gas parameters in relation to storage time and temperature]. / Veränderungen der Säuren-Basen- und Blutgas-Parameter in Abhängigkeit von der Aufbewahrungszeit und -temperatur

The changes of the acid-base- and blood gas parameters were continuously measured under different storage conditions by means of the blood-gas automaton ABL 1 with the help of 40 blood tests of various patients. The results are discussed and a recommendation for practice is given. Apart from the necessary immediate determinations (without any restriction) in the hermetically closed blood tests transported or stored at 0--5 degrees C even three hours after blood taking analyses were got which could still be used clinically. In these cases by the clinicians only a decrease of BE of 2 mmol/l of blood should be taken into consideration. The result render possible a greater usability of the imported blood gas automatons.

[The influence of food-supply to the concentration of blood ammonia (author's transl)]. / Der Einfluss der Nahrungsaufnahme auf die Blutammoniakkonzentration.

It has been determined of 70 liver-healthy probands the ammonia concentration of capillary blood after poor on protein respectively rich on proteine food in 30 minutes distances. It comes in both groups to a spontaneous ascent the concentration of ammonia. The highest ammonia concentration depends on the content of protein which has been taken through food and the descent also variable quick. For it amount to the waiting period of food on the determination of blood ammonia after in frontly poor on protein food 90 minutes and after in frontly rich on protein food three hours. The statements have been secured statisticaly by means of U-test.