Development of emotional intelligence and assertiveness in physiotherapy students and effects of clinical placements.

BACKGROUND: Emotional intelligence (EI) and assertiveness are key abilities for physiotherapists. Clinical placements seem to affect students' development of EI and assertiveness, and their construction of the professional role. PURPOSE: This study aims to compare the EI of physiotherapy students with students from other health professions and explore the evolution of EI and assertiveness in physiotherapy students throughout their university education, focusing on the influence of clinical practice. METHOD: Students (N = 753) completed a self-administered questionnaire to measure emotional intelligence (TMMS 24), assertiveness (CSES), and sociodemographic variables. RESULTS: EI levels were adequate and very similar across the three disciplines. Regarding assertiveness, physiotherapy students in year 4 obtained significantly higher levels than students in years 1, 2, and 3. Significant correlations (rs (207) = 0.35, p < .001) were found between assertiveness and the number of modules of clinical practice. CONCLUSION: This study contributes with further evidence on the improvement of assertiveness in physiotherapy students through their university education and, in particular, with clinical placements. Practical implications highlight the importance of training in EI and assertiveness during university, coupled with clinical placements, in order to prepare for an effective and satisfactory professional life.

La escritura creativa en estudiantes universitarios del ámbito socio sanitario: Revisión sistemática / Escrita criativa em universitários da área socio saúde: revisão sistemática / Creative writing in university students from the socio-sanitary field: Systematic Review

El uso de la escritura creativa basada en la Medicina Narrativa (MN) como aprendizajeactivo para la enseñanza del rol profesional en Ciencias de la Salud, ha despertado interés en losúltimos años. Se realizó una revisión sistemática exploratoria para conocer la eficacia de su aplica-ción en estudiantes universitarios del ámbito de las ciencias sociales y de la salud. Los estudiosfueron recuperados de WoS, Scopus, Dialnet y REDIB. El análisis de 8 artículos seleccionados des-cribió esta metodología como herramienta útil para fomentar las voces narrativas de los estudiantes,impulsar la reflexión sobre encuentros clínicos, fomentar la atención clínica atenta y empática yfacilitar la gestión emocional. Esta metodología permite además el desarrollo de destrezas del len-guaje, creatividad y espontaneidad en la construcción de la identidad profesional y sobre el profe-sionalismo. A pesar de la escasez de estudios, parece prometedora su utilidad a nivel curricular,aunque se precisa analizar con profundidad el fenómeno de estudio.(AU)

The use of creative writing based on Narrative Medicine (NM) as active learning for theteaching of the professional role in Health Sciences, has aroused interest in recent years. Anexploratory systematic review was carried out to know the effectiveness of its application inuniversity students in the field of social sciences and health. The studies were retrieved from WoS,Scopus, Dialnet and REDIB. The analysis of 8 selected articles described this methodology as auseful tool to foster the narrative voices of students, encourage reflection on clinical encounters,encourage attentive and empathetic clinical care and facilitate emotional management. Thismethodology also allows the development of language skills, creativity, and spontaneity in theconstruction of professional identity and professionalism. Despite the scarcity of studies, itsusefulness at the curricular level seems promising, although it is necessary to analyze in depth thephenomenon of study.(AU)

A utilização da escrita criativa baseada na Medicina Narrativa (MN) como aprendizagemativa para o ensino do papel profissional em Ciências da Saúde tem despertado interesse nos últi-mos anos. Uma revisão sistemática exploratória foi realizada para determinar a eficácia de sua apli-cação em estudantes universitários no campo das ciências sociais e da saúde. Os estudos foram re-cuperados de WoS, Scopus, Dialnet e REDIB. A análise de 8 artigos selecionados descreveu essametodologia como uma ferramenta útil para estimular as vozes narrativas dos alunos, estimular areflexão sobre os encontros clínicos, promover um atendimento clínico atencioso e empático e faci-litar o gerenciamento emocional. Esta metodologia permite também o desenvolvimento de compe-tências linguísticas, criatividade e espontaneidade na construção da identidade profissional e doprofissionalismo. Apesar da escassez de estudos, sua utilidade em nível curricular parece promis-sora, embora o fenômeno do estudo precise ser analisado em profundidade.(AU)

Conflicto interpersonal. Reflexiones sobre su manejo / Interpersonal conflict. Reflections on its handling

El conflicto es una parte de la vida cotidiana y de la vida académica y laboral. Está omnipresente y evitarlo lo único que conlleva es a incrementar el problema. En este texto reflexivo se repasa el concepto de conflicto, foco y fuente del mismo y estrategias generales para su manejo. Las habilidades sociales y emocionales serán la clave del éxito para las relaciones interpersonales y gestión emocional. (AU)

Conflict is a part of everyday life and of academic and work life. It is omnipresent and avoiding it only leads to an increase in the problem. This reflective text reviews the concept of conflict, its focus and source, and general strategies for managing it. Social and emotional skills will be the key to success for interpersonal relationships and emotional management. (AU)

Injuries, Pain, and Catastrophizing Level in Gymnasts: A Retrospective Analysis of a Cohort of Spanish Athletes.

Physical and psychological demands from gymnastics increase the occurrence of injuries and pain among athletes, whose consequent level of catastrophizing could affect rehabilitation and performance. Although the characteristics of each gymnastics discipline may be key factors, they remain unclear. This study aimed to describe injuries, pain, and catastrophizing levels of gymnasts, according to their discipline and training characteristics. A total of 160 gymnasts fulfilled an online survey at the end of the 2021 season. Eighty gymnasts sustained 106 injuries (mainly ankle), and 128 had current pain (mainly low back). Although results were similar among disciplines, rhythmic gymnasts had a higher prevalence of low back pain (p = 0.003) and artistic wrist pain (p = 0.011). Gymnasts who sustained an injury displayed higher hours of training (p = 0.026), and those with current pain had more sports experience (p = 0.001) and age (p < 0.001). A higher catastrophizing level was observed in injured gymnasts and correlated with pain level (p < 0.001). No other differences were found (p > 0.05). Pain and injury prevalence is extremely high among gymnasts, being specific to the gymnastics discipline and increasing catastrophizing experience. Hours of training, age, and sports experience are key related factors, regardless of discipline.

La comunicación como esencia en el arte de cuidar / A comunicação como a essência da arte de cuidar / Communication as the essence of the art of caring

El acto comunicativo es complejo, simbólico y difícil. Más aún si se establece entreprofesional de la salud y paciente y familia. Un entorno en ocasiones hostil como es el propioproceso de enfermedad. Se producen circunstancias y situaciones que hacen que el profesionaltenga que atender no solamente a sus propias habilidades y destrezas sino también a los posibleselementos distorsionantes del proceso comunicativo. Con este texto se pretende reflexionar sobrela comunicación en este encuentro e identificar elementos facilitadores y distorsionantes.(AU)

The communicative act is complex, symbolic and difficult. Even more so if it isestablished between the health professional and the patient and family. An environment that issometimes hostile, such as the disease process itself. Circumstances and situations occur thatmake the professional have to attend only to their own abilities and skills but also to the possibledistorting elements of the communication process. This text is intended to reflect oncommunication in this meeting and identify facilitating and distorting elements.(AU)

O acto comunicativo é complexo, simbólico e difícil. Ainda mais se for estabelecido entreo profissional de saúde e o paciente e a família. Um ambiente por vezes hostil, tal como o próprioprocesso da doença. Surgem circunstâncias e situações que obrigam o profissional a prestaratenção não só às suas próprias competências e capacidades, mas também aos possíveis elementosde distorção do processo comunicativo. O objectivo deste texto é reflectir sobre a comunicaçãoneste encontro e identificar elementos facilitadores e distorcedores.(AU)

Face-to-Face and blended methods to improve oral competence in nursing students through simulation.

Communication and interpersonal skills are relevant to the health professions, so it is important to promote these competencies at university. This research assesses the effectiveness of teaching oral competence through simulation using face-to-face and blended methods. A public speaking workshop was conducted in a group of 144 first year nursing students. Three groups were obtained according to the teaching method (Group 1: traditional method-3 sessions, Group 2: traditional method-2 sessions, Group 3: blended method-2 sessions). Public speaking confidence was measured at the beginning and end of the training, and oral competence was assessed at the end. As a result, all groups achieved a good level of oral competence after the training. However, while students in Group 1 showed greater oral competence, with regard to confidence in public speaking, students in Group 1 showed significantly worst results than those in Group 3. We concluded that simulation is a useful strategy to improve cognitive learning, and behavioural and practical competencies such as public speaking. As for the teaching method, although blended learning did not offer better results than traditional learning, it seems useful provide there is at least one face-to-face session so that the student can perform a speech and receive corrective feedback.

La autoestima en personas mayores que acuden a la universidad / Self-esteem in Elderly University Students

La autoestima es una parte del autoconcepto. Contar con niveles óptimos significa sentirse útil, capaz y poder hacer uso de habilidades y destrezas. El estatus y rol que desempeñe la persona en la sociedad, están íntimamente relacionados con la autoestima. Diferentes universidades españolas han pretendido con programas formativos, acercar la universidad a la sociedad e intentar contemplar la formación de las personas mayores como herramienta útil de participación social. En este contexto, el objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar los niveles de autoestima en alumnos mayores de la Universitat Oberta per a Majors (UOM) de la Universitat de les Illes Balears (UIB) y sus implicaciones. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal con 96 alumno/as mayores mediante un cuestionario de auto-informe (García Monge, 1998) administrado grupalmente. Los resultados obtenidos muestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el Yo Real y el Yo Ideal, lo que implica la presencia de niveles bajos de autoestima. Además, el análisis correlacional apunta la existencia de relaciones significativas entre autoestima y género. A partir de estos resultados, se analizan posibles factores relacionados con la autoestima y se proponen estrategias para mejorarla

Self-esteem is a part of the self-concept. Having optimal levels means feeling useful, capable and able to make use of skills and abilities. The status and role which the person in society, are closely related to self-esteem. Different Spanish universities have sought to training programs, university closer to society and try to see training as a useful tool for social participation. The aim of this paper is study levels of self-esteem in students over Universitat Oberta per a Majors (UOM) of Universitat de les Illes Balears (UIB) and its implications. Cross-sectional study of 96 students / older has been made by a self-report questionnaire (García Monge, 1998). Results show statistically significant differences between the Real I and the Ideal I, that indicate low self-esteem. The correlations suggest existence of significant relationships between self-esteem and gender. Factors related with self-esteem and propose improvement strategies are suggested

Parents and Physiotherapists Recognition of Non-Verbal Communication of Pain in Individuals with Cerebral Palsy.

Pain assessment is difficult in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP). This is of particular relevance in children with communication difficulties, when non-verbal pain behaviors could be essential for appropriate pain recognition. Parents are considered good proxies in the recognition of pain in their children; however, health professionals also need a good understanding of their patients' pain experience. This study aims at analyzing the agreement between parents' and physiotherapists' assessments of verbal and non-verbal pain behaviors in individuals with CP. A written survey about pain characteristics and non-verbal pain expression of 96 persons with CP (45 classified as communicative, and 51 as non-communicative individuals) was performed. Parents and physiotherapists displayed a high agreement in their estimations of the presence of chronic pain, healthcare seeking, pain intensity and pain interference, as well as in non-verbal pain behaviors. Physiotherapists and parents can recognize pain behaviors in individuals with CP regardless of communication disabilities.

Emotional variables, dropout and academic performance in Spanish nursing students.

The dropout of university studies is a main concern in many countries, also for Health Sciences degrees. The reviews on dropout in all university degrees as well as nursing generally show multidimensional causes with factors related both to institutional and students' characteristics. Regarding the personal variables of students, researchers have focused on financial, family and personality features. Far less attention has been devoted to emotional variables. This study aims to explore whether individual variables of the emotional domain such as perceived emotional intelligence, dispositional optimism/pessimism and depressive rumination are related and/or can predict students' intention to dropout and academic performance. Using a cross-correlational approach, data were obtained from a sample of 144 nursing students. Students with a pessimistic disposition revealed a greater tendency to drop out. The remaining variables correlated significantly with pessimism but had no predictive value on dropout. Our results suggest that students with low levels of emotional clarity and repair and high depressive rumination have pessimistic expectations, so they are more likely to leave studies. No significant results were found in relation to academic performance. We conclude with an identification of strategies to increase retention and academic success.

[Student stress in clinical practice for nurses]. / El estrés de los estudiantes en las prácticas clínicas de enfermería.

Stress is an adaptive phenomenon of human beings which, to a high degree, contributes to their survival, to an adequate output in their activities, and to an effective performance in many phases of life. But all of us know and have experienced the disagreeable aspects of stress at least once. During their academic lives, nursing students who fulfill their clinical practice are exposed to suffer symptoms specific to nursing in the field of stress.

El estrés de los estudiantes en las prácticas de Enfermería / Student stress in clinical practice for nurses

El estrés es un fenómeno adaptativo del ser humano que contribuye, en gran medida, a su supervivencia, a un adecuado rendimiento de sus actividades y a un desempeño eficaz en muchas esferas de la vida. Pero todos sabemos, y hemos experimentado alguna vez, los aspectos desagradables del mismo. También durante la vida académica, los alumnos/as de enfermería que realizan sus prácticas clínicas, están expuestos al padecimiento de una sintomatología propia del denominado estrés

Stress is an adaptive phenomenon of human beings which, to a high degree, contributes to their survival, to an adequate output in their activities, and to an effective performance in many phases of life. But all of us know and have experienced the disagreeable aspects of stress at least once. During their academic lives, nursing students who fulfill their clinical practice are to suffer symptoms specific to in the field of stres

Estrés laboral y burnout en Enfermería / Work-related stress and burnout in nursing

El estrés laboral crónico o burnout es un tema controvertido y muy estudiadoen los profesionales de Enfermería, dada su vulnerabilidad al padecimientodel problema. Los enormes costes personales y económicos quesupone tanto para los individuos como para las organizaciones sanitarias,el padecimiento de estrés laboral ha hecho que el tema sea de sobradointerés y esté continuamente en auge su investigación. En este artículo selleva a cabo una revisión general y conceptual de este problema. Partiendodel concepto de estrés y aplicando el análisis funcional de la conducta,se identifican los elementos intervinientes, así como los desencadenantesdel estrés laboral crónico o burnout. Para promover la adecuada higienemental de los profesionales enfermeros es necesario un planteamientoserio acerca de la introducción de medidas de reducción del estrés en loslugares de trabajo, así como el desarrollo de líneas rigurosas de investigacióndirigidas a comprender los elementos estresantes específicos

Chronic work-related stress or burnout is a broadly studied controversialsubject among nursing professionals, given its vulnerability to suffer thecondition. The enormous personal and economical costs that sufferingfrom this condition represents for individuals and for healthcare organisations,has made this issue one of great interest, with increasing ongoingresearch. This paper presents a general and conceptual review of thisproblem. Based on the concept of stress and applying the functionalanalysis of behaviour, the intervening elements as well as the factors thatlead to chronic work stress or burnout are identified. To promote adequatemental hygiene among nursing professionals it is necessary toadopt a serious approach to the introduction of measures aimed atreducing the stress in work places and at the development of rigorouslines of research aimed at understanding the specific stressing elements

Autoestima profesional en el ámbito de los cuidados geriátricos / Professional self-steam in the scope of geriatric care

Objetivo: d e t e rminar la autoestima de un gru p ode personal de Enfermería (auxiliares y enfermeras)que trabajan en una residencia pública de nuestracomunidad.Material y método: se realizó un estudiodescriptivo sobre 26 profesionales de Enfermería ya u x i l i a res que trabajan en la residencia del Llar deCalvià y que cuenta con 66 residentes. Para lamedición de la autoestima se utilizó un cuestionarioautoadministrado, el test de evaluación de laautoestima de García Monge, que contempla tre sdimensiones: Yo Ideal, Yo Real y Yo Real a travésde los otros.Resultados: las puntuaciones más elevadas seobtuvieron en la categoría “Yo Ideal”. Se evidenciarondiferencias estadísticamente significativas al compararel “Yo Real”con el “Yo Ideal”; y al comparar el “YoReal a través de los otros” y el “Yo Ideal”.Conclusiones: los resultados apuntan a laexistencia de niveles de baja autoestima en estosprofesionales que podría estar relacionada conniveles bajos de satisfacción laboral. Finalmente,se plantea la necesidad de intervenir a diferentesniveles: formación pregrado, formación postgradoy a nivel organizativo

Objective: to determine the self-steam of agroup of nursing professionals (nurse’s aides andregistered nurses) working in a public nursinghome in our community.Material and methods: a descriptive studywas carried out on 26 nursing professionalsworking at the Llar de Calvía nursing home with 66in-residents. The García Monge self-steam selfadministeredevaluation test was used to measureself-steam. This test measures three dimensions: I,the ideal one, I the real one, and I, the real one,through the eyes of others.Results: twenty-five nursing professionals werestudied. Higher scores were achieved for the “I, theideal one”. When the “I, the real one” was comparedagainst the “I, the Ideal one” some statisticallysignificant differences were found. The same occurredwhen the “I, the real one, through the eyes of others”was compared against “I, the ideal one”.Conclusions: the results point towards theexistence of low levels of self-steam in theseprofessionals that could be related to low levels ofw o r k - related satisfaction. Lastly, the need tointervene at diff e rent levels is addre s s e d :pregraduate training, postgraduate training andtraining at a organizational level