Development and validation of a simple, sensitive, selective and stability-indicating RP-UPLC method for the quantitative determination of ritonavir and its related compounds.

A simple, sensitive, selective and reproducible stability-indicating ultra-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the quantitative determination of degradation products and process-related impurities of Ritonavir in a pharmaceutical dosage form. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a polar embedded Waters Acquity BEH Shield RP18 (100 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm) column thermostated at 50°C under gradient elution by using a binary mixture of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (0.01 M, pH 3.5) and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. Chromatogram was monitored at 240 nm using a photodiode array detector. The drug and its related impurities are eluted within 20 min. To prove the stability-indicating power of the method, the drug was subjected to hydrolytic (acid, alkaline and water), oxidative, photolytic and thermal stress conditions. The unknown degradants were identified by the LC-MS-MS method, which revealed protonated molecular ion peaks [M + H](+) at m/z 551.40 for hydrolytic degradants, and m/z 737.60 and m/z 753.40 for photolytic degradants. A plausible mechanism for the formation of degradation and process impurities was proposed. The performance of the method was validated according to the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines.

Estimation of enantiomeric impurity in piperidin-3-amine by chiral HPLC with precolumn derivatization.

A simple, precise, accurate, robust chiral high-performance liquid chromatographic (chiral HPLC) method was developed for estimation of (S)-piperidin-3-amine (S-isomer) in (R)-piperidin-3-amine dihydrochloride (R-AMP). As AMP is a high-melting solid and nonchromophoric compound, development of a suitable chiral method is a challenging task. The proposed chiral HPLC-UV method involves a precolumn derivatization technique with para toluene sulphonyl chloride (PTSC) in the presence of a base to introduce chromophore into analytes. It utilizes chiralpak AD-H column with a simple mobile phase of 0.1% diethyl amine in ethanol with a 0.5 mL/min flow rate. Analytes were monitored by using a UV detector at 228 nm. The resolution between the two enantiomers was more than 4.0. The developed method was validated as per current International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines.