Imaging Characteristic of 11 Lesions of Odontogenic Keratocyst in the Indian Subpopulation: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Experience.

BACKGROUND: The clinical feature and radiographic appearance of orthokeratinized odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) are not characteristic, which may lead to the misdiagnosis. The radiographic appearance of OKC may range from a small unilocular radiolucency to a large multilocular radiolucency, resembling other odontogenic cysts and tumors. AIM: The aim was to illustrate the characteristic feature of OKC presented on the digital panoramic radiograph and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), which may provide great value for the differential diagnosis and the treatment planning and also to compare the various radiographic features of OKC in CBCT and digital panoramic radiograph. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Digital panoramic and CBCT records of seven cases, with 11 lesions of OKC were analyzed retrospectively from the patients' database from our institute (2014 to 2016), which was histopathologically diagnosed as OKC. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 24.1 years, and the female-to-male ratio was 3: 4. Six of 11 lesions were localized within the mandible, and five lesions were in the maxilla. CONCLUSION: The presurgical assessment with radiological information is extremely important for treatment planning, and CBCT provides us with an accurate and faster three-dimensional representation of a lesion at a lower dose and cost, but the role of panoramic radiograph cannot be refuted.

Arteriovenous malformation of the parotid gland: Diagnostic perspective- A case report.

Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of the parotid gland is an extremely rare condition with very few cases reported in the literature. Majority of the swellings in the parotid region are usually due to sialadenitis, tumour etc., therefore making the initial diagnosis of vascular malformation may be difficult if there is no evident Turkey-wattle sign. Here, we present a case of AVM of parotid gland with its clinical features, radiographic features and its management. The lesion, being a high flow one, was managed with sclerosing agents to regress its size.

Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome: A Rare Case Report.

Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (GGS) is an autosomal dominant disorder with a high degree of penetrance and variable expressivity. It is a rare phakomatosis characterized by multiple odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs), bifid ribs, and other abnormalities. The incidence of the GGS is estimated at 1 in 57,000-1 in 256,000 in the general population. The OKC is frequently the presenting manifestation of this syndrome. We report a case of a 25-year-old male patient, presenting with a swelling in the right side of the face which was diagnosed as GGS by correlating the clinical findings, histological findings, and evaluating the various tools of imaging. In the case of GGS, it is of great importance to make an early diagnosis since the severity of complications such as maxillofacial deformities related to the jaw cysts can be avoided.

Study of lip prints in different ethno-racial groups in India.

Context (Background): Lips prints are unique and are a tool for personal identification. AIMS: Indian population can be divided into different ethno-racial groups. In this study, we aimed at finding the most and the least prevalent lip print patterns in these groups and also to observe any similarities or differences that may exist in these groups in terms of lip print patterns. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Lip prints in 755 individuals categorized into different ethno-racial groups were studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Brown- and pink-colored lipsticks, cellophane tape, and magnifying lens were used to record and study the lip prints. RESULTS: Among all the three ethno-racial groups, Type I was the most prevalent lip print pattern observed. The least prevalent lip print pattern in all the three groups was Type IV. Inference/Conclusion: Lip prints hold potential as supplementary tools for identification where they can be recorded with ease. The observation and classification of lip print patterns in different ethno-racial groups not only provide some useful data but also open a new window to a field that can contribute extensively to criminal investigation and identification.

Correlation of salivary glucose, blood glucose and oral candidal carriage in the saliva of type 2 diabetics: A case-control study.

OBJECTIVES: To study the correlation between blood glucose levels and salivary glucose levels in type 2 diabetic patients, to study the relationship between salivary glucose levels and oral candidal carriage in type 2 diabetic patients and to determine whether salivary glucose levels could be used as a noninvasive tool for the measurement of glycemic control in type 2 diabetics. STUDY DESIGN: THE STUDY POPULATION CONSISTED OF THREE GROUPS: Group 1 consisted of 30 controlled diabetics and Group 2 consisted of 30 uncontrolled diabetics based on their random nonfasting plasma glucose levels. Group 3 consisted of 30 healthy controls. Two milliliters of peripheral blood was collected for the estimation of random nonfasting plasma glucose levels and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Unstimulated saliva was collected for the estimation of salivary glucose. Saliva was collected by the oral rinse technique for the estimation of candidal counts. RESULTS: The salivary glucose levels were significantly higher in controlled and uncontrolled diabetics when compared with controls. The salivary candidal carriage was also significantly higher in uncontrolled diabetics when compared with controlled diabetics and nondiabetic controls. The salivary glucose levels showed a significant correlation with blood glucose levels, suggesting that salivary glucose levels can be used as a monitoring tool for predicting glycemic control in diabetic patients. CONCLUSION: The present study found that estimation of salivary glucose levels can be used as a noninvasive, painless technique for the measurement of diabetic status of a patient in a dental set up. Increased salivary glucose levels leads to increased oral candidal carriage; therefore, oral diagnosticians are advised to screen the diabetic patients for any oral fungal infections and further management.

Traumatic bone cyst of idiopathic origin? A report of two cases.

BACKGROUND: Traumatic bone cyst (TBC) is an uncommon non-epithelial lined cavity of the jaws. Traumatic bone cysts have been reported in the literature under a variety of names: solitary bone cyst, haemorrhagic bone cyst, extravasation cyst and simple bone cyst. The multitude of names applied to this lesion implies the lack of understanding of the true aetiology and pathogenesis. However, the term "traumatic bone cyst" is the most widely used name today (1). CASE DETAILS: A 15 years old male patient presented with a complaint of swelling with mild, intermittent and non-radiating pain in the lower left back teeth region. There was expansion of the buccal cortical plate. Radiograph showed a multilocular lesion straddling between the roots of the teeth. In addition, 21 years old male patient came with a complaint of swelling with mild, continuous pain in the lower left jaw region. OPG showed well defined radiolucency with scalloped borders extending from the periapical region of the 1(st) premolar until the 2(nd) molar. The radiolucency was seen extending between the roots of the involved teeth. CONCLUSION: The majority of TBCs are located in the mandibular body between the canine and the third molar. Clinically, the lesion is asymptomatic in the majority of cases and is often accidentally discovered on routine radiological examination, usually as a unilocular radiolucent area with a "scalloping effect". Since material for histologic examination may be scanty or non-available it is very often difficult for a definite histologic diagnosis to be achieved (1).

Foreign body induced neuralgia: a diagnostic challenge.

Neuropathic pain is caused by neural injury or painful states associated with either peripheral or central nerve injury. One of the aetiologies of this type of pain is iatrogenic trauma. This case highlights the features of peripheral neuropathic pain caused by foreign body left in the mental foramen following a previous surgical procedure. The foreign body was detected on routine radiographic evaluation. Once the foreign body was removed by surgical intervention, the pain resolved. This stresses the importance of routine radiographic evaluation in proper diagnosis and treatment planning in the management of neuropathic pain. This paper also sheds light on the role of iatrogenic mechanical cause of peripheral neuropathic pain and warrants a tough degree of caution on the part of oral clinicians.