RESUMO
AIM: This study assessed the effect of postetch cleansing on the surface microstructure, surface topography, and microshear bond strength (µSBS) of lithium disilicate and the resin cement. SETTING AND DESIGN: In Vitro analytical study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen discs (10 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness) were fabricated from highly translucent lithium disilicate IPS Emax 2 ceramic (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein). Four resin cement (RelyX Ultimate, 3M ESPE) cylinders (0.9 mm diameter and 4 mm high) were placed on each ceramic disc (total n = 60). The samples were divided into three groups based on the surface treatment of the ceramic discs (20 resin cement cylinders on 5 discs in each group). Group I (HF) (control) etched with 9.6% HF with no postetch cleansing, Group II (HFP) etched with 9.6% HF for 20 s followed by rinsing with water and postetching cleansing with 37% phosphoric acid, and Group III (HFPU) etched with 9.6% HF followed by active application of 37% phosphoric acid followed by postetch cleansing in ultrasonic bath for 5 min. µSBS of resin cement to ceramic surfaces was tested following a standard protocol. Surface roughness was evaluated using an atomic force microscope. Surface topography and elemental analysis were analyzed using SEM/EDX. Mode of failure was also assessed. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The data were analysed using one way analysis of variance and post hoc tukeys test. RESULTS: The µSBS were found to be highest for Group III (HFPU), followed by Group II (HFP) followed by Group I (HF) and were statistically significant. There was a difference in the surface topography and surface microstructure between the three groups. Mode of failure was predominantly adhesive. CONCLUSION: The µSBS, surface topography, and surface microstructure were found to be superior in the groups, in which postetch cleansing was done as compared to the control in which no postetch cleansing was done.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The presence of the dental papilla is critical to achieve esthetics in a single tooth implant restoration. AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine if there were differences in the papilla fill between implant and teeth comparing immediate implant placement and provisionalised single tooth implant restorations with delayed implant placement and provisionalised single tooth implant restorations. The papilla fill in these two groups was evaluated using the Jemt papilla index. RESULTS: It was seen that there was no statistically significant difference seen in the volume of the papilla between both the groups. There was a statistically significant difference seen in both the groups on the distal and mesial side from the initial stage go the follow up period of 10 days, 3 months and 6 months. CONCLUSION: The interpretation of clinical papilla is a difficult task since many different clinical situations can be encountered while studying single tooth implant restorations. The single tooth implant restoration is a specific entity; the distance between the mesial and the distal side of one implant is never the same. Therefore the present study analysed the papilla as a unit and focused on the vertical fill related to the implant and adjacent teeth.
