Characteristics of sexual violence against adolescent girls and adult women.

BACKGROUND: Sexual violence is considered a serious violation of human rights which affects mainly young women and adolescents. There is little information about the conditions under which sexual offences occur. We evaluated characteristics of sexual violence against adolescent girls and adult women. METHOD: This is a quantitative, retrospective, descriptive study of sexual violence against adolescent girls and adult women. Analyses were carried out on data collected from 1118 women, 546 adolescents (10-19 years) and 572 adults (≥ 20 years), with a complaint of rape treated at Hospital Pérola Byington, São Paulo, between 1994 and 1999. The age limit of the adolescent sample met the World Health Organization's (WHO) criteria. We analyzed the type of sexual contact, degree of intimidation, perpetrator and activity of the victim during the approach. RESULTS: Crimes without penetration were five times more frequent in adolescents and use of threats of death or intimidation was common in both groups. Mental illness was more prevalent in adult victims and the majority of adolescent victims were aged <14 years. Uncle and stepfather perpetrators were more frequent among adolescents and partners or former intimate partners in adult women. In most cases the approach occurred in public places, although sex crimes at the perpetrator's residence were more frequent amongst adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: Although children and adolescents require the same intervention measures and legal protection, a considerable proportion of adolescent sex offenders can face conditions similar to those of adult women.

A Profilaxia pós-exposição ao HIV para mulheres em um contexto de violência: revisão bibliográfica / Post-exposure prophylaxis against HIV for women in a context of violence: a literature review

Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica de estudos científicos brasileiros, entre os anos de 2005 e 2012, sobre a temática da profilaxia pós-exposição ao HIV para mulheres em um contexto de violência, com os objetivos específicos de identificar condutas e práticas utilizadas na profilaxia para HIV/AIDS, tipos de exposição e contribuir com a reflexão quanto a medidas preventivas dos agravos à saúde destas mulheres. Através dessa revisão foi possível verificar a prevalência de estudos relacionados à profilaxia pós-exposição (65,2% do total de artigos selecionados), desses artigos 80% deram ênfase as condutas determinadas para profilaxia pela norma técnica do ministério da saúde; 33,3% trataram da questão do seguimento ambulatorial; 53,3% destacaram a necessidade de qualificação dos profissionais da saúde e 60% da assistência multiprofissional com médicos, enfermeiros, psicólogos e assistentes sociais, integrados a outros setores, para que dessa forma, a mulher em situação de violência e vulnerabilidade possa ser assistida de maneira integral, a fim de reduzir os danos ocasionados à mulher inserida num contexto de violência