Role of Nutrition and Diet during COVID-19 pandemic: A narrative review.

COVID-19 has impacted mankind drastically; whether it be physical and mental health, global economy, or social disruption, everyone has sustained losses. To prevent the spread, strict containment measures and stay at home guidelines were issued by officials. Due to this, an unanticipated and rapid change has occurred in the daily routine and lifestyle of the people. Physical distancing and quarantine measures strongly impacted people's lives, their eating habits and everyday ablutions. A comprehensive search of recent literature related to nutrition and diet during the pandemic was undertaken using electronic databases like MEDLINE, PubMed, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate. This review deals with the effects of COVID-19 on malnutrition, the foods that help in boosting the immune system, and on specific, vulnerable, age groups. Although there are various health concerns that has come up during the pandemic, through this review, we investigate some aspects related to nutrition as the recovery of every individual who was affected by COVID-19 was influenced by their nutritional intake.

Noise Pollution in Intensive Care Unit: A Hidden Enemy affecting the Physical and Mental Health of Patients and Caregivers.

Background: Noise in intensive care units (ICUs) has always been a problem, but noise above the recommended range affects not only the patient but staff as well. It is clear that some noise in the ICU is inevitable, but exceeding the normal range brings various physiologic and psychologic changes, which directly affect health. This review presents a synthesis of noise sources in the ICU and the potential interventions designed to attenuate noise and protect patients. Materials and Methods: An extensive literature search, using electronic databases such as MEDLINE, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Research gate to understand the noise in ICU, effects of noise, and noise reduction interventions were undertaken. Results: Findings were such as noise enhances the release of cortisol, increases oxygen consumption, increases sleep disturbances, increases the need for analgesia and sedation, and disrupts circadian rhythm. Many studies reported that measurement was always higher despite implementing noise reduction interventions. Conclusions: ICU survivors always recall their memories, and for them, ICU admission becomes a negative experience for life. However, the sustainability of any single intervention did not show awe-inspiring results, whereas a bundle kind of interventions did show some effects. However, high-quality evidence demonstrating the benefit of any intervention on patient outcomes is still lacking.

Optical and physical properties of solgel-derived GeO2:SiO2 films in photonic applications.

The functionality of optical components relies heavily on the composition-dependent properties of germanosilicate materials, which include the refractive index, photosensitivity, and microstructural properties. Recent studies and parallel developments are presented of germanosilicate films with composition x of Ge content (i.e., xGeO(2):(1-x)SiO(2)) that were synthesized by the solgel process for various integrated photonic applications undertaken. The following novel aspects are discussed with respect to the effect of composition of the glassy films (0.05