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1.
J Acoust Soc Am ; 149(2): 1183, 2021 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33639793

RESUMO

Vowel contrasts may be reduced or neutralized before coda laterals in English [Bernard (1985). The Cultivated Australian: Festschrift in Honour of Arthur Delbridge, pp. 319-332; Labov, Ash, and Boberg (2008). The Atlas of North American English, Phonetics and Sound Change (Gruyter Mouton, Berlin); Palethorpe and Cox (2003). International Seminar on Speech Production (Macquaire University, Sydney, Australia)], but the acoustic characteristics of vowel-lateral interaction in Australian English (AusE) rimes have not been systematically examined. Spectral and temporal properties of 16 pre-lateral and 16 pre-obstruent vowels produced by 29 speakers of AusE were compared. Acoustic vowel similarity in both environments was captured using random forest classification and hierarchical cluster analysis of the first three DCT coefficients of F1, F2, and F3, and duration values. Vowels preceding /l/ codas showed overall increased confusability compared to vowels preceding /d/ codas. In particular, reduced spectral contrast was found for the rime pairs /iːl-ɪl/ (feel-fill), /ʉːl-ʊl/ (fool-full), /əʉl-ɔl/ (dole-doll), and /æɔl-æl/ (howl-Hal). Potential articulatory explanations and implications for sound change are discussed.


Assuntos
Fonética , Acústica da Fala , Austrália , Humanos , Idioma , Medida da Produção da Fala
2.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform ; 38(5): 1268-88, 2012 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22309087

RESUMO

Two prominent dual-route computational models of reading aloud are the dual-route cascaded (DRC) model, and the connectionist dual-process plus (CDP+) model. While sharing similarly designed lexical routes, the two models differ greatly in their respective nonlexical route architecture, such that they often differ on nonword pronunciation. Neither model has been appropriately tested for nonword reading pronunciation accuracy to date. We argue that empirical data on the nonword reading pronunciation of people is the ideal benchmark for testing. Data were gathered from 45 Australian-English-speaking psychology undergraduates reading aloud 412 nonwords. To provide contrast between the models, the nonwords were chosen specifically because DRC and CDP+ disagree on their pronunciation. Both models failed to accurately match the experiment data, and both have deficiencies in nonword reading performance. However, the CDP+ model performed significantly worse than the DRC model. CDP++, the recent successor to CDP+, had improved performance over CDP+, but was also significantly worse than DRC. In addition to highlighting performance shortcomings in each model, the variety of nonword responses given by participants points to a need for models that can account for this variety.


Assuntos
Modelos Psicológicos , Reconhecimento Visual de Modelos/fisiologia , Psicolinguística/métodos , Leitura , Adulto , Humanos , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Adulto Jovem
3.
J Acoust Soc Am ; 114(2): 1055-68, 2003 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12942984

RESUMO

The effect of diminished auditory feedback on monophthong and diphthong production was examined in postlingually deafened Australian-English speaking adults. The participants were 4 female and 3 male speakers with severe to profound hearing loss, who were compared to 11 age- and accent-matched normally hearing speakers. The test materials were 5 repetitions of hVd words containing 18 vowels. Acoustic measures that were studied included F1, F2, discrete cosine transform coefficients (DCTs), and vowel duration information. The durational analyses revealed increased total vowel durations with a maintenance of the tense/lax vowel distinctions in the deafened speakers. The deafened speakers preserved a differentiated vowel space, although there were some gender-specific differences seen. For example, there was a retraction of F2 in the front vowels for the female speakers that did not occur in the males. However, all deafened speakers showed a close correspondence between the monophthong and diphthong formant movements that did occur. Gaussian classification highlighted vowel confusions resulting from changes in the deafened vowel space. The results support the view that postlingually deafened speakers maintain reasonably good speech intelligibility, in part by employing production strategies designed to bolster auditory feedback.


Assuntos
Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial/diagnóstico , Fonética , Acústica da Fala , Medida da Produção da Fala/métodos , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
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