RESUMO
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 3 is the most prevalent HEV genotype in Europe causing mostly asymptomatic infections in humans, but can also sporadically cause severe acute hepatitis, chronic liver disease, chronic hepatitis in immunocompromised patients and extra-hepatic manifestations. Although much is today known about the swine reservoir, no information is available on the occurrence of HEV from widely distributed deer species in Portugal. Here, we investigated the presence and characterized HEV in free-living deer in Portugal by screening stools from red deer (Cervus elaphus) (n = 95) and fallow deer (Dama dama) (n = 35) for HEV by a broad-spectrum nested RT-PCR, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Two red deer females, sampled in central Portugal, showed to be shedding HEV (2.1%; 95% confidence interval: 0.58-7.35). Sequencing and genetic characterization showed that these two deer HEV sequences were 98.96% identical to each other, being both of HEV genotype 3 subgenotype 3e. The increasing numbers and distribution of deer in Portugal and the zoonotic features of the circulating HEV genotype 3 subgenotype 3e highlights the importance of continued surveillance directed to food-borne diseases, especially those involving wild animals and deer in particular.
Assuntos
Cervos , Vírus da Hepatite E , Hepatite E , Doenças dos Suínos , Animais , Feminino , Genótipo , Hepatite E/epidemiologia , Hepatite E/veterinária , Vírus da Hepatite E/genética , Humanos , Filogenia , Portugal/epidemiologia , SuínosAssuntos
Enterobacteriáceas Resistentes a Carbapenêmicos/enzimologia , Infecções por Klebsiella/microbiologia , Klebsiella pneumoniae/enzimologia , beta-Lactamases/análise , beta-Lactamases/genética , Idoso , Enterobacteriáceas Resistentes a Carbapenêmicos/genética , Enterobacteriáceas Resistentes a Carbapenêmicos/isolamento & purificação , Testes de Sensibilidade a Antimicrobianos por Disco-Difusão , República da Geórgia , Humanos , Klebsiella pneumoniae/genética , Klebsiella pneumoniae/isolamento & purificação , Masculino , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Escarro/microbiologiaRESUMO
Research describing the epidemiology of antibiotic resistant microbes is vital to the proactive development of new antimicrobial agents. In the last years, CTX-M extended-spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBLs) have emerged worldwide and have replaced classical TEM and SHV-type ESBLs in many countries. CTX-M-15 is currently the most frequent, with a pandemic distribution, and its rapid spread is facilitated by incorporation of resistance genes in mobile genetic elements. The ESBL is efficacious in Gram-negative bacteria and thus closely associated with nosocomial environments, often colonizing the intestines, particularly in older and dependent patients. Little is known about the CTX-M ESBLs among Klebsiella pneumonia in Adjara. Our paper describes the detected and characterized ESBLs among Klebsiella pneumonia isolates from patients in two different hospitals in Adjara.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia , Genes Bacterianos , Klebsiella pneumoniae/efeitos dos fármacos , Resistência beta-Lactâmica/genética , beta-Lactamases/genética , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla/genética , República da Geórgia , Hospitais , Humanos , Klebsiella pneumoniae/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
1) A tecnica de criar uma ponte subclavia esquerda carotida esquerda, previamente a cirurgia do arco aortico, transforma o sistema supra-aortico em dois troncos braquiocefalicos. 2) A presenca de dois troncos braquiocefalicos no sistema arterial permite a perfusao cerebral total, por meio de circulacao extracorporea, atraves da perfusao de ambas as arterias auxiliares, quando se interrompe a circulacao no arco aortico. 3) Esta nova variacao tecnica permite ao cirurgiao abordar o aneurisma do arco aortico, com maior seguranca, sob o ponto de vista de protecao cerebral e com maior facilidade tecnica por nao colocar sobre o campo operatorio multiplas canulas de perfusao, que tendem a dificultar o ato cirurgico. 4) A reconstrucao do novo arco aortico fica simplificado, por exigir a anastomose de apenas dois troncos supra-aorticos, a inominada e a carotida esquerda, pelo fato de estarmos agora diante de dois troncos braquiocefalicos
