RESUMO
O objetivo deste trabalho foi revisar as reações adversas do clareamento de dentes vitais, já que o mesmo tem sido bastante popularizado e realizado atualmente. As técnicas para o clareamento de dentes vitais utilizam como o principal agente clareador o peróxido de hidrogênio. Vantagens como preservação da estrutura dentária, menor custo e resultados estéticos satisfatórios, têm sido relatadas, no entanto, podem ocorrer reações adversas, como irritação dos tecidos moles, hipersensibilidade dentária, alterações na textura de superfície do esmalte e dos materiais restauradores, além de alterações no tecido pulpar. Estudos demonstram que estes efeitos adversos existentes são mínimos e reversíveis, sendo o clareamento de dentes vitais uma técnica eficaz e segura.
The aim of this study was to review the side effects of vital teeth bleaching, since it has been widely popularized and performed today. The techniques of vital teeth bleaching use the hydrogen peroxide as the main bleaching agent. Advantages such as preservation of tooth structure, lower cost and satisfactory cosmetic results have been reported, however, side effects may occur, such as irritation of the soft tissues, dental hypersensitivity, changes in the texture of the enamel and restorative materials surfaces, and changes the pulp tissue. Studies show that these side effects are minimal and reversible, being the vital teeth bleaching effective and safe. This review was performed using Scielo, Bireme and Lilacs data base as a source of research, the mostly of scientific articles was published between the years 2000 to 2012.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To identify the craniofacial characteristics of patients with sickle cell trait (SCT) and sickle cell anemia (SCA) and to compare these measurements with those of nonaffected subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinically normal patients and those with SCT and SCA were evaluated in this study. The patients were divided into three groups: normal (control), SCA, and SCT (n â=â with 15 in each group). Inclusion criteria were SCA or SCT verified by laboratory methods and no treatment with fixed orthodontics or facial orthopedics. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were carried out and were used to obtain angular and linear measurements of anatomic structures displayed. All markings and measurements were performed by a single examiner. RESULTS: The average ANB was increased in groups with SCA (5.47 ± 2.0°) and SCT (3.80 ± 1.4°), indicating a tendency to Class II. The mean SNA angle was 83.0 ± 3.8° and 82.1±3.5° for SCA and SCT, indicating a proper positioning of the jaw from the skull base. There was an interaction between the group and sex factors for the variable SN-GoGn; measures were higher for men in the SCA group. CONCLUSION: Patients with SCA and SCT exhibited characteristics of Class II skeletal pattern because of mandibular retrusion. Most patients showed no compensatory maxillary expansion, which was determined by the normal jaw length and absence of maxillary protrusion.
