[Development and characteristic evaluation of wireless sensor module for wound temperature and pressure].

Objective: To develop a wireless sensor module for wound temperature and pressure (hereinafter referred to as wireless sensor module), and to carry out related characteristic test and biosafety evaluation. Methods: (1) The structure and working mode of the wireless sensor module were designed. The temperature and humidity sensor welded at one end of the flexible cable and the pressure sensor were simultaneously connected with the printed circuit board, which was welded with the Bluetooth transmitter, microprocessor, and power interface to establish a wireless sensor module. A mobile data receiving application was developed and the monitoring values of the wireless sensor module exposed to the air were read through the Bluetooth function on the smart phone. (2) The temperature of a 35-42 ℃ hot water bag was measured by the wireless sensor module and an infrared thermometer at the same time, and 30 pairs of data were compared with correlation analysis performed. (3) The vacuum sealing drainage material was pasted on the arm of the second author, and the wireless sensor module was placed in the condition of negative pressure. The negative pressure values measured by the wireless sensor module and the negative pressure meter values were recorded at the same time, and 14 pairs of data were compared with correlation analysis performed. (4) The corresponding material extract was prepared by adding 1 mL normal saline per 3 square centimeters surface area of the pressure sensor or flexible cable with temperature and humidity sensor welded respectively. Twenty 6-8 week-old female C57BL/6 mice were weighed before experiment and divided into pressure sensor extract group, flexible cable extract group, mixed extract group, and normal saline group according to the random number table (n=5). The abnormal toxic reactions of mice were observed after intraperitoneal injection of pressure sensor extract, flexible cable with temperature and humidity sensor welded extract, 1∶1 mixed extract of pressure sensor extract and flexible cable with temperature and humidity sensor welded extract, and normal saline for 50 mL/kg in corresponding groups. The body mass of mice was weighed at 24, 48, and 72 hours after injection, and the toxicity of the materials was evaluated comprehensively. (5) Four Japanese big ear white rabbits aged 3-6 months were selected, and there was no limit between male and female. Two regions on the left side of the spine were applied with aseptic gauze as aseptic gauze group, and two areas on the right side of the spine were applied with wireless sensor module as wireless sensor module group. The skin status of each region was evaluated at 1, 12, 24, 48 hours after application, and the score according to the skin irritation score standard was recorded. (6) The corresponding material extract was prepared by adding 1 mL serum-free Dulbecco's modification of Eagle's medium (DMEM) per 1 square centimeter surface area of the pressure sensor or flexible cable with temperature and humidity sensor welded respectively. L-929 fibroblasts were divided into pressure sensor extract group, flexible cable extract group, phenol control group, and medium control group. The corresponding extract was added in the first two groups, the phenol control group was added with 64 g/L phenol, and the medium control group was cultured with serum-free DMEM. The total volumes of the above four groups were all 100 µL. The absorbance values on the 2nd, 4th, 7th day of culture were detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium method to calculate the cell proliferation rate (n=6 at each time point) and to grade the cytotoxicity. Data were statistically analyzed with paired samples t test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, Pearson correlation analysis, Spearman correlation analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, analysis of variance for repeated measurement, analysis of variance for factorial design, one-way analysis of variance, and Bonferroni correction. Results: (1) The smart phone successfully received the air temperature, humidity, and pressure information detected by the wireless sensor module through the Bluetooth function. (2) The temperature of the hot water bag measured by the wireless sensor module was (37.7±1.7) ℃, which was close to (37.7±1.7) ℃ of the infrared thermometer (t=-0.112, P>0.05), and there was a significant positive correlation between them (r=0.996, P<0.01). (3) The negative pressure of arm under negative pressure material measured by the wireless sensor module was -36.7 (-38.8, -27.4) kPa, which was significantly lower than -22.7 (-32.7, -12.5) kPa of negative pressure meter (Z=-3.235, P<0.01), but there was a significant positive correlation between their absolute values (ρ=1.000, P<0.01). (4) There was no abnormal toxic reaction in all groups of rats, and there was no statistically significant difference in body mass among the four groups of mice (F=3.132, P>0.05). (5) The scores of skin irritation in application region of rats in the two groups were similar at 1, 12, 24, 48 hours after application (Z=-1.000, <0.001, -0.620, <0.001, P>0.05). (6) At each time point of culture, compared with that of medium control group, the cell proliferation rate increased significantly in pressure sensor extract group and flexible cable extract group (P<0.01) but decreased significantly in phenol control group (P<0.01). On the 2nd, 4th, 7th day of culture, the cytotoxicity grade of phenol control group was 1, 1, and 2 respectively, and the cytotoxicity grade of each extract group was 0. Conclusions: The wireless sensor module integrates temperature, humidity, and pressure sensors, which can monitor local temperature and pressure and realize the visualization of parameters on the mobile application program. The measurement of temperature is accurate and the pressure measurement results are consistent with the values of the negative pressure meter with good biosafety. It possesses a big value in clinical application and prospects for development.

Long noncoding RNA DLX6-AS1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-577 to promote malignant development of colorectal cancer.

Since this article has been suspected of research misconduct and the corresponding authors did not respond to our request to prove originality of data and figures, "Long noncoding RNA DLX6-AS1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-577 to promote malignant development of colorectal cancer, by F.-R. Zhou, Z.-P. Pan, F. Shen, L.-Q. Huang, J.-H. Cui, K. Cai, X.-L. Guo, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 23 (9): 3742-3748-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201905_17800-PMID: 31115000" has been withdrawn. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/17800.

[Influence of inhalation injury on fluid resuscitation of massive burn patients during shock stage].

Objective: To explore the influence of inhalation injury on fluid resuscitation of massive burn patients during shock stage. Methods: A total of 74 massive burn patients (65 males and 9 females, aged 21 to 65 years) admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University (n=57) and Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital (n=17) from May 2009 to December 2019 were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. Patients were divided into inhalation injury group (n=56) and non-inhalation injury group (n=18) based on clinical symptoms, vital signs, and results of bronchofibroscopy. Then 26 patients in inhalation injury group and 13 patients in non-inhalation injury group were 1∶2 matched by case-control matching based on the difference of total burn surface area. The total fluid replacement coefficient, crystalloid replacement coefficient, colloid replacement coefficient, glucose input volume, ratio of crystalloid to colloid, urine volume, and cumulative ratio of input to output volume during the first 24 h post injury, the second 24 h post injury, and the third 24 h post injury, heart rate, respiratory rate, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and hematocrit (HCT) at post injury hour (PIH) 24, 48, and 72 were recorded and compared between the two groups. Data were statistically analyzed with analysis of variance for repeated measurement and Bonferroni correction, t test, Fisher's exact probability test, and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: (1) After matching, during the first to third 24 h post injury, the total fluid replacement coefficient and glucose input volume of patients in inhalation injury group were significantly higher than those in non-inhalation injury group (F=4.202, 10.671, P<0.05 or P<0.01). During the first, second, and third 24 h post injury, the total fluid replacement coefficient, crystalloid replacement coefficient, colloid replacement coefficient, and ratio of crystalloid to colloid were similar between the patients in two groups(t=-1.336, -1.452, -1.998; -0.148, 0.141, 0.561; 0.916, -0.046, -0.509; -1.024, 0.208, 0.081, P>0.05). During the first, second, and third 24 h post injury, the glucose input volume of patients in inhalation injury group were respectively (2 996±1 176), (2 659±1 030), and (2 680±1 509) mL, which were significantly higher than (2 125±898), (1 790±828), and (1 632±932) mL in non-inhalation injury group (t=-2.334, -2.639, -2.297, P<0.05). (2) After matching, in overall comparison between groups, during the first to third 24 h post injury, the urinary output volumes and cumulative ratios of input to output volume of patients in inhalation injury group were significantly lower or higher than those in non-inhalation injury group, respectively (F=12.158, 9.111, P<0.01). At PIH 24, 48, and 72, heart rate of patients in inhalation injury group were significantly higher than those in non-inhalation injury group (F=4.675, P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in heart rate, respiratory rate, MAP, and HCT between patients in the two groups at PIH 24 and 48 (t=-0.039, -1.688, 1.399, 1.299, -1.741, 0.754, -0.677, 0.037, P>0.05). During the first and second 24 h post injury, the urine volume and cumulative ratio of input to output volume of patients in inhalation injury group were respectively significantly lower and higher than those in non-inhalation injury group (t(urine volume)=2.421, 2.876, t(cumulative ratio of input to output volume)=-2.687、-2.943, P<0.05 or P<0.01). At PIH 72, the heart rate and HCT of patients in inhalation injury group ( (114±13) times/min, 0.42±0.06) were significantly higher than those in non-inhalation injury group ( (98±18) times/min, 0.38±0.06, t=-3.182, -2.123, P<0.05 or P<0.01), there were no statistically significant differences in respiratory rate and MAP between the patients in two groups (t=0.359, 1.722, P>0.05). During the third 24 h post injury, there were no statistically significant differences in urine volume and cumulative ratio of input to output volume between the patients in two groups (t=1.664, -1.895, P>0.05). Conclusions: The presence of inhalation injury can lead to increased fluid requirement in massive burn patients during shock stage. An appropriate increase of fluid volume in the fluid resuscitation of burn patients combined with inhalation injury would be beneficial for maintaining ideal urine output.

[Advances in the research of smart dressings].

Smart dressings, which show obvious advantage and potential in wound treatment and real-time monitoring, attract widespread attention in recent years. Real-time and dynamic acquiring wound information is vital to the treatment and prognosis of wound. Further research on smart dressings is helpful for wound management, personalized treatment, and realization of medical application translation of health monitoring technology. In the article, we categorize smart dressings and conclude their functions according to the type of micro-environment information of wound gathered by smart dressings.

Long noncoding RNA DLX6-AS1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-577 to promote malignant development of colorectal cancer.

OBJECTIVE: Recent researches have proved that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play essential roles in tumorigenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the exact role of lncRNA DLX6-AS1 in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC), and to explore the possible mechanism. PATIENTS AND METHODS: DLX6-AS1 expression in CRC tissues was detected by Real Time-quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). Function assays were conducted to detect the effect of DLX6-AS1 on the proliferation and metastasis of CRC in vitro. Furthermore, luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay (RIP) were used to explore the underlying mechanism of DLX6-AS1. RESULTS: DLX6-AS1 expression in CRC samples was significantly higher than that of adjacent tissues. Loss of DLX6-AS1 markedly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells. Furthermore, luciferase reporter gene assay and RIP assay showed that DLX6-AS1 acted as a competing endogenous RNA via sponging miR-577 in CRC. CONCLUSIONS: DLX6-AS1 could promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC by sponging miR-577, which might offer a potential therapeutic target for CRC.

Downregulation of SWI5 and CTC1 genes: hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase transactivated protein 1-mediated inhibition of DNA repair.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA polymerase transactivated protein 1 (HBVDNAPTP1) is a novel protein upregulated by HBV DNA polymerase, which has been screened by suppression subtractive hybridization technique (SSH) (GenBank Acc. No. AY450389). A vector pcDNA3.1 (-)/myc-His A-HBVDNAPTP1 was constructed and used to transfect acute monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1. HBVDNAPTP1 expression was detected by Western blot analysis in the cells. A cDNA library of genes downregulated by HBVDNAPTP1 in THP-1 cells was made in pGEM-T Easy using SSH. The cDNAs were sequenced and analyzed with BLAST search against the sequences in GenBank. Some sequences, such as DNA repair protein SWI5 homolog (SWI5) and CTS telomere maintenance complex component 1 (CTC1), might be involved in DNA repair. Protein expression of SWI5 and CTC1 was identified by Western blot in THP-1 cells. HBVDNAPTP1 could downregulate the expression of SWI5 and CTC1 at translation level.

[Cell test system for the preliminary screening of antitumor preparations]. / Kletochnaia test-sistema dlia predvaritel'nogo otbora protivoopukholevykh preparatov.

A cell model CaPa (Human Cancer Pancreas) for prescreening of synthetic and plant substances with suggested antitumor activity is offered. The sensitivity of this cell line to 22 clinical drugs of different classes (alkylating compounds, antimetabolites, antibiotics, substances of plant origin, etc.) was studied. The cytotoxic action of drugs was assessed by measuring the level of DNA synthesis on the basis of 3H-thymidine incorporation, total nucleic acids and protein. The results showed that the cell line CaPa is sufficiently sensitive to clinical drugs.