Comparative Mitogenomics and Phylogenetic Implications for Nine Species of the Subfamily Meconematinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae).

Currently, the subfamily Meconematinae encompasses 1029 species, but whole-mitochondrial-genome assemblies have only been made available for 13. In this study, the whole mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of nine additional species in the subfamily Meconematinae were sequenced. The size ranged from 15,627 bp to 17,461 bp, indicating double-stranded circular structures. The length of the control region was the main cause of the difference in mitochondrial genome length among the nine species. All the mitogenomes including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs) and a control region (CR). The majority strand encoded 23 genes, and the minority strand encoded 14 genes. A phylogenetic analysis reaffirmed the monophyletic status of each subfamily, but the monophysitism of Xizicus, Xiphidiopsis and Phlugiolopsis was not supported.

Study of the Chinese Members of the Subfamily Anabropsinae (Orthoptera: Anostostomatidae) VII: Description of two new subgenera and five new species of Anabropsis from China.

This paper is further study Chinese Anabropsinae and proposes two new subgenera of Anabropsis from China, Anabropsis (Spinanabropsis) subgen. nov. and Anabropsis (Pseudapteranabropsis) subgen. nov.. Five new species are described, namely Anabropsis (Apteranabropsis) daweishanensis sp. nov., Anabropsis (Spinanabropsis) pengi sp. nov., Anabropsis (Spinanabropsis) erythronota sp. nov., Anabropsis (Pseudapteranabropsis) nigrimaculatis sp. nov. and Anabropsis (Pseudapteranabropsis) flavimaculata sp. nov. All the specimens are deposited in Guangxi Normal University.

Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Gryllacrididae (Orthoptera) XIV: One new species of Diaphanogryllacris from Yunnan Province.

In this paper we report one new species from Yunnan Province. All the type specimens are deposited in Guangxi Normal University.

Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Gryllacrididae (Orthoptera) XIII: Review the genus Ocellarnaca Gorochov, 2004.

In this paper we propose two new synonyms based on the new specimens deposited in Guangxi Normal University, viz. Ocellarnaca nigra Shi & Zhu, 2021 syn. nov. and Ocellarnaca fallax (Liu, 1999) syn. nov.. Also, Ocellarnaca brachyptera Shi & Zhu, 2021 is regarded as subspecies of Ocellarnaca emeiensis. In addition, the male genitalia of two known species are illustrated. The previously unknown female sex of Ocellarnaca emeiensis brachyptera Shi & Zhu, 2021 is described and illustrated.

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the Trehalose-6-phosphate Synthase and Trehalose-6-phosphate Phosphatase Gene Families in Rose (Rosa hybrida cv 'Carola') under Different Light Conditions.

Trehalose, trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS),and trehalose-6-phosphatase (TPP) have been reported to play important roles in plant abiotic stress and growth development. However, their functions in the flowering process of Rosa hybrida have not been characterized. In this study we found that, under a short photoperiod or weak light intensity, the content of trehalose in the shoot apical meristem of Rosa hybrida cv 'Carola' significantly decreased, leading to delayed flowering time. A total of nine RhTPSs and seven RhTPPs genes were identified in the genome. Cis-element analysis suggested that RhTPS and RhTPP genes were involved in plant hormones and environmental stress responses. Transcriptome data analysis reveals significant differences in the expression levels of RhTPSs and RhTPPs family genes in different tissues and indicates that RhTPPF and RhTPPJ are potential key genes involved in rose flower bud development under different light environments. The results of quantitative real-time reverse transcription (qRT-PCR) further indicate that under short photoperiod and weak light intensity all RhTPP members were significantly down-regulated. Additionally, RhTPS1a, RhTPS10, and RhTPS11 were up-regulated under a short photoperiod and showed a negative correlation with flowering time and trehalose content decrease. Under weak light intensity, RhTPS11 was up-regulated and negatively regulated flowering, while RhTPS5, RhTPS6, RhTPS7b, RhTPS9, and RhTPS10 were down-regulated and positively regulated flowering. This work lays the foundation for revealing the functions of RhTPS and RhTPP gene families in the regulation of rose trehalose.

Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Gryllacrididae (Orthoptera) XX: New descriptions from Guangxi and Guizhou.

Based recent collections, we describe Eugryllacris longiproceris sp. nov. (Chinese name: ), Homogryllacris guizhouensis sp. nov. (Chinese name: ), Phryganogryllacris flavistria sp. nov. (Chinese name: ) and the female of Eugryllacris nigriabdominis Bin & Bian, 2021. Among these, Homogryllacris guizhouensis sp. nov. (Chinese name: ) is the first described micropterous species from Guizhou Province. All the specimens are deposited in Guangxi Normal University.

Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Gryllacrididae (Orthoptera: Ensifera: Stenopelmatoidea) XXII: New descriptions from Southwest China.

In this paper, we report six new species and the female sex of four known species based on our new collections from Southwest China. All the specimens are deposited in Guangxi Normal University.

Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Gryllacrididae (Orthoptera) XXI: New reports from Fujian Province.

In this study, we describe and illustrate two new species and the female of Metriogryllacris (Metriogryllacris) obscurata Zhang, Pang & Bian, 2022 based on the specimens from Fujian Province. The new erected Homogryllacris foveolis sp. nov. (Chinese name: ) is very similar to Homogryllacris rufovaria Liu, 2007 in appearance, but the two can distinguished by the spines of male tenth abdominal tergite and shapes of male subgenital plate. All the specimens are deposited in Guangxi Normal University.

Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Gryllacrididae (Orthoptera) XII: Notes on the Chinese Metriogryllacris Karny, 1937.

This paper reports two new species based on new material deposited in Guangxi Normal University, namely Metriogryllacris (Metriogryllacris) obscurata sp. nov. (Chinese name: �-) and M. (M.) hamata sp. nov. (Chinese name: ). Also, the female sex of M. (M.) bimacula Yu, Liu & Bian, 2022 and male sex of M. (M.) nigrilimbis Liu & Bian, 2021 are firstly described.

Function and Mechanism of WRKY Transcription Factors in Abiotic Stress Responses of Plants.

The WRKY gene family is a plant-specific transcription factor (TF) group, playing important roles in many different response pathways of diverse abiotic stresses (drought, saline, alkali, temperature, and ultraviolet radiation, and so forth). In recent years, many studies have explored the role and mechanism of WRKY family members from model plants to agricultural crops and other species. Abiotic stress adversely affects the growth and development of plants. Thus, a review of WRKY with stress responses is important to increase our understanding of abiotic stress responses in plants. Here, we summarize the structural characteristics and regulatory mechanism of WRKY transcription factors and their responses to abiotic stress. We also discuss current issues and future perspectives of WRKY transcription factor research.

Gene Expression Profiles and Flavonoid Accumulation during Salt Stress in Ginkgo biloba Seedlings.

Ginkgo biloba is an economically valuable tree, as a variety of flavonoid compounds are produced by the leaves of its seedlings. Although soil salinity is a serious threat to agricultural productivity worldwide, the effect of salt stress on G. biloba seedlings remains unclear. In this study, we found that under high NaCl concentrations (200 and 300 mmol/L), seedling growth was inhibited and the water content, chlorophyll, and peroxidase (POD) enzyme activity were significantly decreased in the leaves, whereas the soluble protein and proline levels increased significantly. However, at low NaCl concentrations (50 and 100 mmol/L), the seedlings grew normally because of the regulation of catalase (CAT) and POD enzyme activities. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms behind G. biloba salt tolerance, we examined the transcriptome of G. biloba seedlings treated with 100 mmol/L NaCl. Twelve differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found to be involved in ion osmotic potential signal transduction and amplification, including two ABA signaling genes, five CDPK/CIPK genes, and five mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling genes. We also found that NAC transcription factors may be involved in the salt stress response; these included positive regulators (Gb_12203, Gb_27819, Gb_37720, and Gb_41540) and negative regulators (Gb_32549, Gb_35048, and Gb_37444). Importantly, treatment with 100 mmol/L NaCl can significantly improve flavonoid and flavonol glycoside biosynthesis. Simultaneously, the expression of flavonoid biosynthesis-related genes, including PAL (Gb_10949, Gb_21115) and FLS (Gb_00285, Gb_14024, and Gb_14029), was significantly upregulated. Based on these results, we reveal that G. biloba seedlings can tolerate low-level soil salinity stress through the regulation of different kinds of genes and transcriptome factors, especially flavonoid biosynthesis, which is improved to respond to environmental stress.