RESUMO
"In the late forties Hersch (1944) and Mentha (1948) introduced, respectively, the concepts of 'potential years of life' (PYL) and 'potential years of life lost' (PYLL).... Our objectives are: (a) to draw attention to Hersch's concept of potential years of life (PYL) and to illustrate its usefulness; (b) to define and illustrate three different manners of computing PYLL and to recommend one that is simple, intuitively acceptable and reasonably accurate; (c) to propose some further indicators that can be derived from PYL, PYLL and the relations between them; and (d) to discuss briefly the assumptions underlying the calculation of PYL and PYLL, and in particular those assumptions that are made in the attribution of loss in potential years of life to specific risk factors." (SUMMARY IN FRE)
Assuntos
Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Expectativa de Vida , Métodos , Modelos Teóricos , Fatores de Risco , Biologia , Demografia , Longevidade , Mortalidade , População , Dinâmica Populacional , PesquisaRESUMO
Patients admitted for elective surgery (inguinal hernia, varicose veins and hemorrhoids) were evaluated in order to determine the differential impact between two methods of performing preadmission testing (PAT) on the length of stay and on the completeness of the requested data. The two methods compared were: conventional, whereby patients performed the PAT in the regular clinics and laboratories of a health care organization (health maintenance organization-like) and an automated multiphasic health testing system (AMHTS). For these particular operations no significant difference in length of stay between the two methods was found. Based on the accumulated experience with these modalities, a model for performing preadmission procedures (in a preanesthetic clinic for elective surgery) was designed in order to identify high-risk patients. Use of this model can reduce cost, increase patient satisfaction and prevent hospitalization when immediate surgery is contra-indicated.
Assuntos
Testes Diagnósticos de Rotina/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Automação , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Tempo de Internação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Distribuição AleatóriaRESUMO
Various impacts of performing prehospitalization examinations (of elective surgical patients) by utilizing automated multiphasic screening technology were evaluated. Compared to the conventional way of conducting such examinations (in the concerned health care organization) the automated system was found to be more efficient (results were available earlier, in a more complete and convenient format), saved considerable time to patients and resulted in a shorter average hospital (postoperative) stay, suggesting that the automated technology is also cost effective. Postoperative stay was reduced by 20 per cent (1.8 days) in the group of patients who undertook the automated multiphasic testing, as compared to a similar group of patients who performed the required tests in the conventional way. Possible explanations for this finding are discussed.
