Autism treatment with stem cells: a case report.

OBJECTIVE: Autism Spectrum Disorder is a complex brain disorder and has multiple causes that occur in diverse combinations. There is a need to classify children with ASD at a very young age so that they can access evidence-based intervention that can significantly improve their outcomes. CASE REPORT: In this report we present a case of autism, which underwent intrathecal autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells transplantation along with neurorehabilitation. The primary goal of the treatment is to improve the quality of life of the patient. After the procedure, the child started to speak, therefore, the third communication subscale was scored within the GARS-2 assessment instrument. With these three subscales, a score of 91 has been achieved, representing an autism index of 27%, a significant improvement over the previous score. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated evidences to support the safety and effectiveness of BMAC transplantation in the management of autism.

Ultrasound findings in Terson's syndrome: two case reports.

Terson's syndrome describes the concurrence of intracranial hemorrhage, vitreous hemorrhage and juxtapapillary subinternal limiting membrane and retinal hemorrhage. In most cases, the retinal and vitreous hemorrhage will clear spontaneously. Vitrectomy was indicated by persistent hemorrhage in two cases. Ultrasound was used to follow up the changes including premacular hemorrhage that appeared as a dome-shaped, smooth, mildly elevated, immobile membrane overlying the posterior pole. This membrane which represents the posterior hyaloid or internal limiting membrane is usually highly reflective due to the submembranous blood adherent to its posterior surface. Consequently, it may mimic localized detachment of the posterior pole. Differentiation from retinal detachment can usually be made by considering the history and other clinical findings. The clinical manifestations of Terson's syndrome, correlated well with the ultrasound findings until vitrectomy was done.

A new scoring system for malignant astrocytomas.

BACKGROUND: Currently there are a few scoring systems for malignant astrocytoma, but they are not widely accepted. The aim of this study was to create a scoring system for supratentorial malignant astrocytoma, which could be used in both developed and developing societies. METHODS: This study was performed in 128 patients who had supratentorial malignant astrocytoma (grade III or IV). They were operated, and after the operation patients were irradiated with 50-60 Gy. FINDINGS: The mean age was 55.1 years. The mean Karnofsky performance status (KPS) was 51. The tumour removal >90% was achieved in 57.8%. A biopsy was never exclusively performed. The mean survival was 8.2 months and 12-month survival was 25%. Thirteen out of 35 data that we tested had a prognostic value for survival time. By using the most appropriate four parameters (age, KPS, initial seizure and histopathological grade) we created a scoring system - MAS (Malignant Astrocytoma Score). The scores range from 0-16. The area under the ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve showed that the AUC for the prediction of 6-, 12- and 18-month survival was 0.729, 0.755, and 0.927. We compared MAS with two of the most commonly used scoring systems. The AUC for the same prediction, using the MRC (Medical Research Council) was 0.673, 0.637, and 0.888. For the RTOG (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group) score the AUC was 0.672, 0.700, and 0.854. CONCLUSIONS: We are of the opinion that MAS represents a useful scoring system to determine the severity of the illness and make a prognosis for both individuals and groups of patients with malignant supratentorial astrocytoma. MAS is more accurate than predictions made by other systems currently in use; it includes prognostic factors that are widely accepted; it can be done at the patient's bedside and in clinics in developing societies.

Rotura hepática asociada a preeclampsia severa y síndrome HELLP: manejo y tratamiento con taponamiento intraabdominal temporal de compresas / Hepatic rupture associated to severe preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome: management and treatment with intraabdominal temporary packingg

Damos a conocer una serie de 4 pacientes con rotura hepática, preeclampsia severa y síndrome de HELLP, resuelto su parto y tratada su complicación hepática con taponamiento temporal de compresas, lo que permitió la sobrevida de todas ellas.

Buscando la emetropía según la fórmula más indicada para cada ojo en cirugía de cristalino y catarata / Looking for emmetropia according to the formula more indicated for each eye in surgery of crystalline and cataract

Objetivo: Evaluar la predictibilidad del cálculo de lente intraocular (LIO) según largo axial (LA) para distintas fórmulas (SRK-2, Binkhorst-Q, Holladay y SRK-T). Material y Métodos: En 212 casos de facoemulsificación con implante de LIO determinamos el error dióptrico en el cálculo del LIO para cada fórmula espicificada al compararlo con el ideal (ideal definido como emetropía post operatoria). Resultados: Al comparar el error de las fórmulas para LA entre 22 y 28 mm no se obtuvo diferencia estadísticamente significativa. El error entre el grupo de <22 mm y el grupo entre 22 y 28 mm no se diferencia estadísticamente para Binkhorst-II Y hoffer-Q. Al comparar el grupo >28 mm con el grupo entre 22 y 28 mm tampoco se obtiene diferencia estadística para SRK-T. Conclusión: Para ojos pequeños (<22 mm) las fórmulas Binkhors-II o Hoffer-Q son las más predecibles, mientras que para ojos largos (> 28 mm) lo es SRK-T. Para los ojos entre 22 y 28 mm de LA no hay variación significativa entre las distintas fórmulas...

[Surgical treatment of compressive lumbar radiculopathy]. / Operativno lecenje kompresivne lumbalne radikulopatije.

In the period 1982-1991, 1511 patients with compressive degenerative lumbar radiculopathy underwent surgery at the Clinic of Neurosurgery in Novi Sad. 1053 patients (69.69%) were operated due to radiculopathy of herniated disc etiology, 83 patients (5.50%) because od spondylotic radiculopathy and 38 patients (2.51%) because of spinal stenosis. 327 patients (21.64%) underwent surgery due to associated lesions, while 10 (0.66%) were operated because of other lesions. In patients with isolated disc herniations either interhemilaminectomy or extirpation of the degenerated pulp nuclei was performed, while in patients with spondylotic and stenotic radiculopathies most often decompressive laminectomy with facectomy and foraminatomy were performed. In cases of combined lesions combined surgical procedures were performed. There was no perioperative mortality. In 5 operated patients (0.33%) nonsurgical complications occurred, such as thrombophlebitis. Reoperation was performed in 94 patients (6.22%). Wound infection occurred in 4 patients (0.26%) and liquor fistula in 3 patients (0.20%). The paper presents diagnostic procedures, indications for surgical treatment and strategies.

Diagnóstico ecográfico de cuerpos extraños / Echographic diagnosis of foreing bodies

Se presenta casuística de 37 ojos con cuerpos extraños intraoculares analizados ecográficamente con un ecotomógrafo A/B Scan, precisando la localización y cambios patológicos asociados. Se destaca las características ultrasonográficas del diagnóstico, mencionándose en forma especial la representación acústica típica de los cuerpos extraños esféricos tipo balín

Patología ecográfica de la coroides / Echographic pathology of the choroids

Se ha hecho una descripción de las lesiones coroídeas capaces de ser diagnosticadas mediante ecografía combinada A/B Scan, haciéndose mayor énfasis en imágenes bidimensionales. Con un número limitado de casos se ilustran las descripciones con los hallazgos encontrados personalmente en los pacientes referidos para su estudio durante un período de poco más de un año, desde abril de 1987 a la fecha. Se clasifican las modalidades ecográficas de lesiones coroídales en dos rubros generales: engrosamiento y solevantamientos, subdividiendo estos últimos en líquidos y sólidos. Por su mayor relevancia se describen haciendo una exposición más extensa los solevantamientos tumorales, destacando los melanomas, carcinomas y angiomas, planteando su diagnóstico diferencial entre sí y con lesiones no tumorales de comportamiento acústico parecido. Se ilustran algunos ecotomogramas en blanco y negro, mostrando así su facilidad para demostrar distintos tonos de reflectividad acústica