Technical quality of root fillings performed by dental students at the dental teaching centre in Reims, France.

AIM: To evaluate the technical quality of root fillings performed by undergraduate students at a dental teaching centre in France. METHODOLOGY: A random sample of 419 records of patients who received dental treatment at the dental service of the teaching Hospital, in Reims, France between 2005 and 2006 was investigated. Evaluation of root filled was based on radiographical criteria defined by the French National Health Service. The length of root fillings, the radiodensity and the presence of voids in the root filling or between root filling and root canal walls were recorded and scored. Chi-square analysis was used to determine statistically significant differences between the technical quality of root fillings and tooth type. RESULTS: Of the 304 teeth included in the study, 69% had an adequate length of root filling and 42.7% had a dense root filling without voids; only 30.3% of teeth fulfilled these criteria at the same time. The relationship between the technical quality of root fillings and tooth type was statistically significant (P < 0.001), the highest percentage of adequate root fillings occurred in single-rooted teeth (36.1%). The highest percentage of inadequate root fillings according to the criteria of root filling length and lateral adaptation was found in molar teeth (71.9%). CONCLUSION: Overall, the technical quality of root fillings performed by undergraduate students was poor.

Adverse reactions to dermal fillers: a review of European experiences.

BACKGROUND: In Europe, numerous dermal fillers have been utilized for the past decade. A lot of drawbacks have been reported and sometimes, severe complications occurred. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose is to report the clinical aspects of the adverse reactions following injections of some of the dermal fillers. Histological aspects of complications are also described. RESULTS: Adverse reactions secondary to biodegradable products are usually time limited, but with the non-biodegradable products, we have observed severe, persistent, and recurrent complications. Histological examinations, in cases of non-biodegradable products, may show the presence and persistence of the filler. CONCLUSION: For the moment, there is no ideal dermal filler. All fillers can lead to adverse events and we need to inform patients fully before injecting. Clinical studies with long-term follow-up before launching a new product on the market are recommended. We believe that in Europe, at present, the CE mark is not a guarantee of safety of dermal fillers.