RESUMO
PURPOSE: To describe the prevalence, incidence, and sociodemographic characteristics of uveitis in Colombia based on the National Health Registry of Colombia, the Integrated Social Protection Information System database (SISPRO). METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study using SISPRO. Along with the International Classification of Diseases, we were able to identify cases of general uveitis (GU), anterior (AU), and posterior uveitis (PU) from 2015 to 2019. For 2020, we used a statistical model for spatial data to predict the prevalence/incidence of the diseases and compared it to the data retrieved in SISPRO. RESULTS: The average prevalence of GU was 14.66 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, while the average incidence rate of GU during the same period was 13.61 cases per 100,000 inhabitants per year. In 2020, there was a noticeable decrease in the incidence and prevalence of GU. Similar trends were observed when analyzing the incidence and prevalence of AU and PU separately. Females accounted for most reported cases, and there was a notable shift towards older age groups (over 50 years) for uveitis occurrence in males and females. Regions such as Bogotá, Antioquia, Valle del Cauca, and the Andean region had higher numbers of cases and a more significant disease burden. CONCLUSIONS: Our study represents Colombia's first population-based characterization of GU, AU, and PU epidemiology. Our results highlight the importance of understanding disease patterns according to sociodemographic factors intrinsic to distinct geographic locations to design better preventive, diagnostic, and treatment approaches in the Colombian population.
RESUMO
PURPOSE: To describe the distribution patterns and clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with uveitis at a specialized uveitis center in Bogotá, Colombia, from 2013 to 2021 and compare these patterns with the previously reported between 1996 and 2006. METHODS: We performed an observational descriptive cross-sectional study systematically reviewing clinical records of patients attending between 2013 and 2021. Data were analyzed and compared with previous reports. RESULTS: Of the 489 patients with uveitis, 310 were females (63.4%). The mean age of onset was 38.7, with a range between 1 and 83 years. Bilateral (52.8%), anterior (45.8%), non-granulomatous (90.8%), and recurrent (47.6%) were the most common types of uveitis found in our population sample. The most common cause of uveitis in this study was idiopathic, followed by toxoplasmosis and HLA-B27 + associated uveitis, which differs from the previous Colombian study where ocular toxoplasmosis was the most frequent cause. This highlights a significant shift from infectious etiologies to more immune-mediated processes as the cause of uveitis in Colombia nowadays. CONCLUSION: The results of this study provide a comparison between the clinical patterns of presentation of uveitis from 1996 to 2006 and the patterns observed from 2013 to 2021, enhancing awareness about the changing dynamics of uveitis in Colombia to guide a better understanding of the diagnosis, classification, and correlation with other systemic conditions of the disease.
