How were modified the human anatomy study habits during and after confinement by the COVID-19 pandemic? / ¿Cómo se modificaron los hábitos de estudio en anatomía humana durante y después del confinamiento por la pandemia del COVID-19?

SUMMARY: During 2020 and 2021 the anatomy subject was developed by online classes. In 2022, face-to-face teaching activities were resumed. The objective was to compare the autonomous study habits of two student generations that coursed the Human Anatomy subject in online and face-to-face mode. Two groups of students were asked to fill-out an online questionnaire. Online Generation (OL) (n=185) and Face-to-face Generation (FF) (n=154). The difference between both groups was the learning activities. OL received only online classes, and FF received theoretical classes and laboratory activities in face-to-face sessions. The most of OL subjects had greater clarity about the contents (71.9 %) and the depth (50.8 %) that they should study them, in contrast with FF (58.4 %, p = 0.0124 and 24.7 %, p < 0.0001 respectively). In OL, 47 % spent more than 4 hours weekly studying human anatomy, whereas in FF 68.2 % (p<0.0001). In both groups, the most important resource was the Video Recorded Classes (90.8 % in OL, and 83.1 % in FF). For OL, the three priority resources were exclusively electronic: 1) Video Recorded Classes, 2) Apps on smartphone or tablets, and 3) Apps on laptop or computer. FF generation prioritized: 1) Video Recorded Classes, 2) Anatomy Atlas, and 3) Class Slides. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the students that received only online classes were able to plain their study time in a better way than whose were in face-to-face classes. However, they spent less time to study the topics. In addition, it was possible to determine that students prefer digital resources (video classes recorded and apps in smartphone or computer) over traditional resources such as textbook and anatomy atlas. It proposes to consider these results in the Human Anatomy subjects design, in virtual or face-to-face mode.

Durante 2020 y 2021, la asignatura de anatomía fue desarrollada exclusivamente en modalidad online. En 2022 se retomaron las clases presenciales. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar los hábitos de estudio autónomo de dos generaciones de estudiantes de anatomía. Dos grupos de estudiantes completaron un cuestionario online: Generación Online (OL) (n=185) y Generación Presencial (FF) (n=154). La principal diferencia entre ellos fue que OL recibió clases exclusivamente en modalidad online y FF exclusivamente presencial. La mayoría de los sujetos de OL tuvieron mayor claridad acerca de los contenidos (71,9 %) y la profundidad con que debían estudiarlos (50,8 %) en contraste con FF (58,4 %, p = 0,0124 and 24,7 %, p < 0,0001, respectivamente). En OL, el 47 % empleó más de 4 horas semanales de estudio, mientras en FF fue el 68,2 % (p<0.0001). En ambos grupos, el recurso más importante empleado fue la clase grabada (90,8 % en OL y 83,1 % en FF). Para OL la prioridad en el uso de los recursos de estudio fueron 1) Videoclase grabada, 2) Aplicación en teléfono o tablet y 3) Aplicación en computador. Para FF el orden de prioridad fue 1) Videoclase grabada, 2) Atlas de Anatomía y 3) Diapositivas de clases. Durante la pandemia de COVID-19, los estudiantes que recibieron exclusivamente clases online planearon su tiempo de estudio de mejor manera que quienes tuvieron clases presenciales y emplearon menos tiempo de estudio. Además, fue posible determinar que los estudiantes prefieren recursos de información digital (Videoclase Grabada y aplicaciones para teléfono celular o computador) por sobre los recursos tradicionales tales como texto y atlas de anatomía. Se propone considerar estos resultados en el diseño de los programas de asignatura de Anatomía Humana, a impartir en modalidad online o presencial.

Safety and Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination After Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) in Spain.

In this cohort of 42 adolescents with a previous multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) diagnosis, 32 (76.2%) were vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccines, with a low incidence of relevant adverse events. More importantly, no new MIS-C or myocarditis occurred after a median of 10 weeks (range 5.3-19.7) post-vaccination.

Should Screening for Chlamydia Trachomatis Be Performed on Asymptomatic Young Adults as well as on the Victims of Sexual Assault?

In recent years, chlamydia trachomatis (CT) screening has been discussed among different scientific boards. However, in Spain, chlamydia screening is offered to women who attend a hospital after sexual assault. We found that 5.1% of 59 cases attending our hospital after sexual assault between January 2017 and December 2019 tested positive for chlamydia infection. The mean age of the cases was 23.3 years. In comparison, screening asymptomatic patients of similar age attending hospital for other reasons have revealed a prevalence of CT of 7%. Hence, since CT is common in asymptomatic individuals as well as victims of sexual assault, we believe that chlamydia screening should also be a priority in asymptomatic patients.

The MARAS dataset, vegetation and soil characteristics of dryland rangelands across Patagonia.

We present the MARAS (Environmental Monitoring of Arid and Semiarid Regions) dataset, which stores vegetation and soil data of 426 rangeland monitoring plots installed throughout Patagonia, a 624.500 km2 area of southern Argentina and Chile. Data for each monitoring plot includes basic climatic and landscape features, photographs, 500 point intercepts for vegetation cover, plant species list and biodiversity indexes, 50-m line-intercept transect for vegetation spatial pattern analysis, land function indexes drawn from 11 measures of soil surface characteristics and laboratory soil analysis (pH, conductivity, organic matter, N and texture). Monitoring plots were installed between 2007 and 2019, and are being reassessed at 5-year intervals (247 have been surveyed twice). The MARAS dataset provides a baseline from which to evaluate the impacts of climate change and changes in land use intensity in Patagonian ecosystems, which collectively constitute one of the world´s largest rangeland areas. This dataset will be of interest to scientists exploring key ecological questions such as biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships, plant-soil interactions and climatic controls on ecosystem structure and functioning.

Imagen corporal antes y después de cirugía bariátrica: Percepciones de mujeres jóvenes-adultas / Body image before and after bariatric surgery: Perceptions of young-adults women

Resumen Dada la alta prevalencia de obesidad y la pobre efectividad de los tratamientos no quirúrgicos, la cirugía bariátrica (CB) constituye una alternativa cada vez más frecuente, con implicaciones a nivel físico, psicológico y social, entre las que destacan aquellas relativas a la imagen corporal (IC). El objetivo de este estudio fue describir los cambios en la IC manifestados por mujeres jóvenes sometidas a CB. Con base a una metodología cualitativa, se llevaron a cabo entrevistas a profundidad a 10 mujeres de entre 18 y 24 años de edad. Los resultados fueron categorizados en Pre-CB: insatisfacción corporal como motivación, baja conciencia de la condición de obesidad, vergüenza por el cuerpo, frustración y dificultades con la vestimenta; y Post-CB: satisfacción corporal (SC) asociada a autoconfianza, cambio en las relaciones con pares, nuevos aspectos de la apariencia, vestimenta asociada a identidad, dificultades en la adaptación a la nueva IC y equipo de salud como apoyo para la adaptación. Se concluye que la SC es un aspecto central que incide en el bienestar individual y social. Post-CB se inicia un proceso de adaptación a un nuevo esquema corporal, con mayor SC, pero con dificultades relacionadas a la percepción corporal.

Abstract Considering the high prevalence of obesity and the lack of effective response to non-surgical treatments, bariatric surgery (BS) has been established as an increasingly frequent alternative, with implications on the physical, psychological and social level, highlighting the changes related to body image (BI). The objective of this study was to describe changes in BI expressed by young women undergoing BS. Based on a qualitative methodology, in-depth interviews were conducted with 10 women between 18 and 24 years. The results were grouped in Pre-BS: body dissatisfaction as motivation, low awareness of the obesity condition, shame of the body, frustration and difficulties with dressing; and Post-BS: body satisfaction associated with self-confidence, change in peer relations, new aspects of appearance, clothing associated with identity, difficulties in adapting to a new BI, and health team as support for adaptation. It is concluded that body satisfaction is a central aspect that affects individual and social wellbeing. Post-BS begins a process of adaptation to a new body scheme, with greater body satisfaction, but with difficulties related to body perception.