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1.
Clin Exp Vaccine Res ; 11(3): 264-273, 2022 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36451667

RESUMO

Purpose: Classical swine fever (CSF) reemerged on CSF-free Jeju Island where vaccination is not practiced by the unintentional injection of a live attenuated vaccine (modified live attenuated vaccines-low-virulence Miyagi [MLV-LOM]) in 2014. Since the Jeju provincial authority is considering adopting a voluntary immunization policy using a CSF-E2 subunit vaccine to combat LOM-derived CSF endemic, this study aimed to evaluate in Jeju herds. Materials and Methods: Two vaccination trials using the Bayovac CSF-E2 vaccine licensed for use in South Korea assessed the safety and humoral immunity of the CSF-E2 vaccine in breeding (trial 1) and nursery animals (trial 2) under farm application conditions. Results: Neither local nor systemic (including reproductive) adverse effects were objectively observed in pregnant sows and young piglets following a respective vaccination regime at pregnancy or weaning, respectively. Trial 1 showed that sows immunized with the CSF-E2 vaccine possessed high and consistent E2-specific and neutralizing antibody levels. The CSF-E2 vaccine-immunized pregnant sows subsequently conferred appropriate and steady passive immunity to their offspring. In trial 2, a double immunization scheme of the CSF-E2 vaccine in piglets at 40 and 60 days of age could elicit a consistent and long-lasting adequate antibody response. Additionally, the two trials detected no Erns-specific antibody responses, indicating that CSF-E2 vaccine can differentiate infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA). Conclusion: Our trial data collectively provide invaluable information on applying the CSF-E2 subunit vaccine to circumvent the possible drawbacks associated with the MLV-LOM concerning the safety, efficacy, and DIVA, in the LOM-endemic field farms and contribute to advanced CSF eradication on Jeju Island.

2.
Vet Med Sci ; 8(6): 2434-2443, 2022 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35944180

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Reemergent local outbreaks of classical swine fever (CSF) occurred simultaneously in multiple pig farms on CSF-free Jeju Island, South Korea, in 2014 because of inadvertent injection of a commercial CSF (LOM) vaccine into pregnant sows. The LOM virus has since spread across the island and has become endemic in Jeju herds, raising concern about possible reversion to the virulence of the LOM vaccine. We previously isolated LOM-derived field CSF virus (CSFV) strains with unique insertion-deletion (INDEL) mutations in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR), designated LOM-derived Jeju 3'-UTR INDEL variants, from CSF-recurrent swine farms on Jeju Island in 2019. METHODS: The present study conducted animal experiments to investigate whether a 2019 emergent LOM 3'-UTR INDEL variant, KNU-1905, has reverted to a pathogenic form in conventional pigs (n = 10). RESULTS: Experimental animal infection showed that pigs inoculated with the commercial LOM vaccine strain developed no adverse effects compared to the sham-infected pigs. However, KNU-1905 displayed pathogenic characteristics in pigs, including clinical symptoms (e.g., lethargy, conjunctivitis, nasal discharge, and diarrhoea), weight loss, and gross lesions. Moreover, viremia, virus shedding in faeces and nasal fluids, and viral loads in various tissues of all the KNU-1905-infected pigs were highly significant, in contrast to those of the LOM-infected group in which CSFV RNA was detected only in the serum, nasal, and tonsil samples of one identical pig. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the LOM-derived field isolate with molecular variations induced clinical adverse events in pigs, which commonly shed considerable amounts of CSFV. This study provides evidence that the genetic evolution of the LOM-derived CSFV circulating on Jeju Island might have allowed the LOM vaccine to recover its primary prototype and that these variants might have induced chronic or persistent infection in pigs that can shed CSFV in field farms leading to a risk of transmission among pigs or farms in this former CSF-free region.


Assuntos
Vírus da Febre Suína Clássica , Peste Suína Clássica , Doenças dos Suínos , Vacinas , Gravidez , Suínos , Animais , Feminino , Vírus da Febre Suína Clássica/genética , Peste Suína Clássica/epidemiologia , Peste Suína Clássica/prevenção & controle , Virulência , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Suínos/epidemiologia
3.
Acta Histochem ; 123(2): 151684, 2021 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33517140

RESUMO

We examined the localization of olfactory marker protein (OMP), protein gene product9.5 (PGP9.5), and glycan diversity in the vomeronasal organ (VNO) of the Korean black goat (Capra hircus coreanae) during the prenatal and postnatal periods using immunohistochemistry and lectin histochemistry. In fetal and 1-day-old goats, OMP was occasionally identified in receptor cells of the VNO sensory epithelium, and PGP9.5 was localized in both the sensory and non-sensory epithelia. In VNO from adult goats, OMP was abundant in the sensory epithelium and scarce in single cells of the non-sensory epithelium. These results suggest that OMP production is initiated in the VNO sensory epithelium (VNE) during the fetal stage, and that its activity is increased in adult VNO receptor cells and solitary cells in the non-sensory epithelium (VNSE). Furthermore, the free borders of the sensory epithelia were positive for 7 lectins, and 6 lectins were moderately and/or highly abundant in receptor cells. Supporting and basal cells, and nerve bundles had similar expression patterns. In VNE, 7 lectins were observed in the free border, and 6 in ciliated, goblet, and basal cells, and in gland acini. The intensities of WGA, LCA, and PNA were high in VSE receptor cells, and the intensity of PNA was high in ciliated cells of the VNSE. The other 3 lectins showed similar patterns throughout development. Collectively, these results confirm that the Korean black goat VNO starts developing during the late fetal stages and differentiates further after birth.


Assuntos
Lectinas/metabolismo , Órgão Vomeronasal/metabolismo , Animais , Cabras , Proteína de Marcador Olfatório/metabolismo , Mucosa Olfatória/metabolismo , República da Coreia
4.
Arch Virol ; 165(7): 1691-1696, 2020 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32394293

RESUMO

Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) reemerged in naïve pig herds on Jeju Island, South Korea, due to the accidental introduction of the LOM vaccine strain in 2014. Since this reemergence, the previously CSFV-free region has experienced numerous outbreaks, causing the virus to become endemic in provincial herds. In this study, we determined the complete genome sequences and investigated the molecular characteristics of LOM-derived field CSFV strains with unique insertion-deletion (INDEL) mutations in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) that were responsible for ongoing sporadic outbreaks on Jeju Island in 2019. The Jeju LOM-derived variants that emerged in 2019 had their own INDEL signatures in the 3'-UTR, resulting in changes to the predicted secondary stem-loop structures. The genomes of these strains were 12,297-12,302 nucleotides in length, one nucleotide (nt) shorter or one, two, or four nt longer than the reference LOM strain. The 3'-UTR INDEL variants shared 98.8-99.0% and 98.3-98.6% identity with the LOM strain at the polyprotein and full-genome level, respectively. The total number of genetic variations between the LOM vaccine strain and the 3'-UTR INDEL isolates ranged from 161 to 202 and 37 to 45 at the nucleotide and amino acid level, respectively. These mutations were broadly dispersed throughout the genome and particularly clustered in NS2 and the 3'-UTR, possibly triggering a reversion to low virulence and allowing the virus to adapt to improve its persistence in the field. This study provides important information about the genetic evolution of LOM-derived CSFV circulating in the free region, and suggests that it arose from continuous non-lethal mutations to ensure viral fitness in host animals.


Assuntos
Regiões 3' não Traduzidas , Vírus da Febre Suína Clássica/genética , Peste Suína Clássica/virologia , Mutação INDEL , Animais , Vírus da Febre Suína Clássica/classificação , Vírus da Febre Suína Clássica/isolamento & purificação , Genoma Viral , Genômica , Ilhas , Filogenia , Suínos
5.
Brain Res ; 1732: 146649, 2020 04 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31926910

RESUMO

Glycans are components of glycoconjugates and function in odorant recognition and cell signaling in the olfactory mucosa. However, little is known about glycan expression in the olfactory mucosa in the presence of neuroinflammatory disorders, which can influence olfaction. We evaluated the changes in glycan in the olfactory mucosa of rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by histochemical analyses of 21 lectins. In the olfactory mucosa of normal control rats, 16 lectins bound to olfactory sensory neurons, supporting cells, basal cells, nerve and Bowman's glands, and their expression did not significantly change during the course of EAE. In rats with paralytic-stage EAE, five lectins showed different reactivities with the olfactory mucosa compared to those of normal control rats. Of them, Bandeiraea simplicifolia lectin (BSL)-II and BSL-I showed transiently downregulated binding to olfactory sensory neurons and supporting cells in rats with EAE. The reactivities of Lens culinaris agglutinin for the basement membrane, Vicia villosa agglutinin for Bowman's glands and Dolichos biflorus agglutinin for all nuclei were upregulated in the olfactory mucosa of EAE rats. These results suggest that BSL-II-binding N-acetyl-glucosamine and BSL-I-binding N-acetyl-galactose are involved in transient olfactory dysfunction in EAE, which may hamper odor perception and/or signal processing in olfactory sensory neurons.


Assuntos
Encefalomielite Autoimune Experimental/metabolismo , Mucosa Olfatória/metabolismo , Neurônios Receptores Olfatórios/metabolismo , Polissacarídeos/metabolismo , Animais , Lectinas/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley
6.
Transbound Emerg Dis ; 66(2): 634-639, 2019 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30636096

RESUMO

After the unintentional vaccination of the LOM vaccine strain in 2014, classical swine fever virus (CSFV) reemerged in naïve pig herds on Jeju Island, South Korea, which had been a CSF-free region with a non-vaccination policy for a decade. Since the re-emergence, endemic outbreaks of CSFV have occurred in the island, causing enormous damage to provincial pig farms. The present study reports the complete genome sequences and molecular characterization of the LOM-derived field CSFV strains responsible for the current outbreaks on Jeju Island. The emergent Jeju LOM-derived isolates shared 98.9%-99.7% and 98.7%-99.0% nucleotide sequence identity at the E-gene and whole-genome levels compared to the LOM vaccine strain respectively. Genetic and phylogenetic analyses indicated that the CSFV field isolates were closest to the LOM strains, but appeared to have undergone substantial evolution. The total number of nucleotide and amino acid differences between the LOM vaccine strain and LOM-derived field isolates ranged from 111 and 28 to 148 and 42. These variations were found to be widely distributed throughout the genome and particularly accumulated in non-structural proteins, which might be associated with the potential for LOM to revert to its original low pathogenic form and subsequent horizontal transmission in Jeju swine herds. These data improve our knowledge regarding safety of the LOM vaccine and inherent risk of reversion to natural virulence in host animals.


Assuntos
Vírus da Febre Suína Clássica/genética , Vírus da Febre Suína Clássica/imunologia , Peste Suína Clássica/epidemiologia , Surtos de Doenças/veterinária , Genoma Viral , Vacinas Virais/administração & dosagem , Animais , Peste Suína Clássica/classificação , Peste Suína Clássica/virologia , Vírus da Febre Suína Clássica/classificação , Feminino , Ilhas/epidemiologia , Filogenia , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Suínos , Proteínas do Envelope Viral/análise
7.
Anat Cell Biol ; 50(1): 48-59, 2017 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28417055

RESUMO

Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3ß has been known as a pro-inflammatory molecule in neuroinflammation. The involvement of GSK-3ß remains unsolved in acute monophasic rat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The aim of this study was to evaluate a potential role of GSK-3ß in central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity through its inhibition by lithium. Lithium treatment significantly delayed the onset of EAE paralysis and ameliorated its severity. Lithium treatment reduced the serum level of pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor a but not that of interleukin 10. Western blot analysis showed that the phosphorylation of GSK-3ß (p-GSK-3ß) and its upstream factor Akt was significantly increased in the lithium-treated group. Immunohistochemical examination revealed that lithium treatment also suppressed the activation of ionized calcium binding protein-1-positive microglial cells and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression in the spinal cords of lithium-treated EAE rats. These results demonstrate that lithium ameliorates clinical symptom of acute monophasic rat EAE, and GSK-3 is a target for the suppression of acute neuroinflammation as far as rat model of human CNS disease is involved.

8.
Tissue Cell ; 49(1): 106-111, 2017 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27890351

RESUMO

The localization of galectin-3, a ß-galactoside-binding animal lectin, was immunohistochemically studied in the ovaries of pigs to determine its expression in ovarian folliculogenesis. Various stages of ovarian follicles were identified in the ovaries of adult pigs. Galectin-3 was immunostained in the squamous follicular cells surrounding oocytes in primordial follicles and in the unilaminar granulosa cells of primary follicles, but not in oocytes of multilaminar follicles (including primary, secondary, and tertiary Graafian follicles). As in adult ovaries, galectin-3 immunoreactivity was prominent in the unilaminar follicles in neonatal ovaries. Galectin-3 was also immunolocalized in the luteal cells in the corpus luteum and granulosa cells of atretic follicles as well as in interstitial macrophages in porcine ovaries. Collectively, these results suggest that galectin-3 is transiently expressed in follicular cells in the unilaminar ovarian follicles (primordial and primary) but not in multilaminar ovarian follicles (primary to tertiary), implying that galectin-3 is embryologically involved in ovum generation.


Assuntos
Galectina 3/biossíntese , Oócitos/metabolismo , Folículo Ovariano/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Animais , Feminino , Galectina 3/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica no Desenvolvimento/genética , Oócitos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Folículo Ovariano/citologia , Folículo Ovariano/metabolismo , Sus scrofa , Suínos
9.
Tissue Cell ; 48(4): 361-9, 2016 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27233915

RESUMO

The morphological characteristics and glycoconjugate composition of the vomeronasal organ (VNO) of the horse was investigated using histological, immunohistochemical, and lectin histochemical methods. The VNO is bilaterally located at the base of the nasal septum, has a tubular structure surrounded by cartilage, and consists of sensory and non-sensory epithelia. Immunohistochemical examination showed that the vomeronasal sensory epithelium (VSE) consisted of receptor cells positive for both olfactory marker protein (OMP) and protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), supporting cells, and basal cells. VNO receptor cells were positive for G protein Gαi2 (vomeronasal receptor type 1 marker), but not Gαo (vomeronasal receptor type 2 marker). Lectin histochemical studies using 21 biotinylated lectins showed that the free border of the VSE was positive for 20 lectins. The receptor and supporting cells reacted with 16 lectins while the basal cells reacted with 15 lectins, with varying intensities. In the vomeronasal non-sensory epithelium, the free border was positive for 19 lectins. The cilated cells were positive for 17 lectins and the basal cells were positive for 15 lectins. The vomeronasal glands, positioned in the lamina propria, were stained with both periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and alcian blue (pH 2.5). Eighteen lectins stained the acinar cells of the vomeronasal glands with various binding patterns. These findings suggest that horse VNO receptor cells express vomeronasal receptor type 1, and the VNO glands have mucous to seromucous characteristics. Moreover, each lectin differentially binds each cell type in both the VNO sensory and non-sensory epithelia.


Assuntos
Lectinas/biossíntese , Proteína de Marcador Olfatório/metabolismo , Mucosa Olfatória/citologia , Órgão Vomeronasal/metabolismo , Animais , Células Epiteliais/metabolismo , Cavalos , Lectinas/isolamento & purificação , Lectinas/metabolismo , Proteína de Marcador Olfatório/isolamento & purificação , Ubiquitina Tiolesterase/biossíntese , Órgão Vomeronasal/anatomia & histologia , Órgão Vomeronasal/citologia
10.
Parasite ; 23: 21, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27169676

RESUMO

The localization of carbohydrate terminals in Kudoa septempunctata ST3-infected muscle of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) was investigated using lectin histochemistry to determine the types of carbohydrate sugar residues expressed in Kudoa spores. Twenty-one lectins were examined, i.e., N-acetylglucosamine (s-WGA, WGA, DSL-II, DSL, LEL, STL), mannose (Con A, LCA, PSA), galactose/N-acetylgalactosamine (RCA12, BSL-I, VVA, DBA, SBA, SJA, Jacalin, PNA, ECL), complex type N-glycans (PHA-E and PHA-L), and fucose (UEA-I). Spores encased by a plasmodial membrane were labeled for the majority of these lectins, with the exception of LCA, PSA, PNA, and PHA-L. Four lectins (RCA 120, BSL-I, DBA, and SJA) belonging to the galactose/N-acetylgalactosamine group, only labeled spores, but not the plasmodial membrane. This is the first confirmation that various sugar residues are present in spores and plasmodial membranes of K. septempunctata ST3.


Assuntos
Carboidratos/análise , Células Epiteliais/química , Doenças dos Peixes/parasitologia , Linguado/parasitologia , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Lectinas , Músculo Esquelético/parasitologia , Myxozoa/química , Doenças Parasitárias em Animais/parasitologia , Animais , Biotinilação , DNA Mitocondrial/análise , Doenças dos Peixes/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Peixes/metabolismo , Doenças dos Peixes/patologia , Linguado/metabolismo , Parasitologia de Alimentos , Genótipo , Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita , Hipertrofia , Músculo Esquelético/química , Músculo Esquelético/patologia , Myxozoa/classificação , Myxozoa/genética , Doenças Parasitárias em Animais/diagnóstico , Doenças Parasitárias em Animais/metabolismo , Doenças Parasitárias em Animais/patologia , Alinhamento de Sequência , Especificidade por Substrato
11.
Acta Histochem ; 118(4): 361-8, 2016 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27040092

RESUMO

The olfactory mucosae of the horse were examined by using histology and lectin histochemistry to characterize the carbohydrate sugar residues therein. Histological findings revealed that olfactory epithelium (OE) consisted of both olfactory marker protein (OMP)- and protein gene product (PGP) 9.5-positive receptor cells, supporting cells and basal cells with intervening secretory ducts from Bowman's glands. Mucus histochemistry showed that Bowman's gland acini contain periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reagent-positive neutral mucins and alcian blue pH 2.5-positive mucosubstances. Lectin histochemistry revealed that a variety of carbohydrate sugar residues, including N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine, fucose and complex type N-glycan groups, are present in the various cell types in the olfactory mucosa at varying levels. Collectively, this is the first descriptive study of horse olfactory mucosa to characterize carbohydrate sugar residues in the OE and Bowman's glands.


Assuntos
Cavalos/anatomia & histologia , Mucosa Olfatória/citologia , Animais , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Configuração de Carboidratos , Histocitoquímica , Cavalos/metabolismo , Lectinas/metabolismo , Masculino , Mucinas/metabolismo , Muco/metabolismo , Mucosa Olfatória/metabolismo , Polissacarídeos/metabolismo
12.
Acta Histochem ; 117(7): 642-8, 2015 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26115600

RESUMO

Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) negatively regulates the excitatory activity of neurons and is a predominant neurotransmitter in the nervous system. The olfactory bulb, the main center in the olfactory system, is modulated by inhibitory interneurons that use GABA as their main neurotransmitter. The present study aimed to evaluate GABAergic transmission in the main olfactory bulb (MOB) of the Korean roe deer (Capreolus pygargus) by examining the immunohistochemical localization of GABAergic key molecules, including glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), vesicular GABA transporter (VGAT), GABA transporters (GATs; GAT-1 and GAT-3), and potassium sodium chloride co-transporter 2 (KCC2). GAD, VGAT, and KCC2 were expressed in the glomerular layer (GL), external plexiform layer (ePL), mitral cell layer (ML), and granule cell layer (GrL). Intense GAT-1 expression was observed in the GL; GAT-1 expression was discernible in the ePL, ML, and GrL. However, intense GAT-3 expression was extensively observed in all layers of the MOB. These results suggest that substantial GABAergic synapses are present in the GL, ePL, ML, and GrL. Furthermore, the released GABA may be removed by GAT-1 and GAT-3 in the GL, and the majority of GABA, which is present in the ePL to GrL, may undergo reuptake by GAT-3. This is the first morphological and descriptive study of GABAergic transmission in the MOB of Korean roe deer.


Assuntos
Cervos/metabolismo , Bulbo Olfatório/metabolismo , Ácido gama-Aminobutírico/metabolismo , Animais , Proteínas da Membrana Plasmática de Transporte de GABA/metabolismo , Imuno-Histoquímica , Simportadores/metabolismo , Proteínas Vesiculares de Transporte de Aminoácidos Inibidores/metabolismo , Cotransportadores de K e Cl-
13.
Acta Histochem ; 117(6): 521-7, 2015 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25944743

RESUMO

The expression and localization of Krüppel-like factor (KLF) 4, a class of zinc-finger transcription factors, was investigated in the spinal cords of rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) using western blotting and immunohistochemistry. KLF4 expression was increased significantly in EAE-affected spinal cords compared with normal rat spinal cords. The elevated levels of KLF4 in the spinal cords of rats with EAE remained significant, even during the recovery stage of EAE. The cellular phenotype of KLF4 in EAE lesions consisted of some T cells, macrophages, and reactive astrocytes, whereas it was expressed constitutively in resting astrocytes and neurons, but not in ramified microglial cells in normal spinal cords. Collectively, we postulate that autoimmune T cells and macrophages activate KLF4 and subsequently do not proliferate or exhibit phenotypic switching from M1 to M2 macrophages, respectively. In addition, we hypothesize that the increased and sustained expression of KLF4 in reactive astrocytes during EAE was associated with suppressed CNS inflammation, as well as reduced numbers of pro-inflammatory T cells and M1 macrophages.


Assuntos
Encefalomielite Autoimune Experimental/metabolismo , Imuno-Histoquímica/métodos , Fatores de Transcrição Kruppel-Like/metabolismo , Medula Espinal/metabolismo , Animais , Encefalomielite Autoimune Experimental/genética , Feminino , Fator 4 Semelhante a Kruppel , Fatores de Transcrição Kruppel-Like/genética , Masculino , Ratos
14.
Acta Histochem ; 117(1): 56-61, 2015 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25432322

RESUMO

We previously reported that disabled-2 (Dab-2), a cytosolic adaptor protein, was expressed in inflammatory and glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS) in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and cerebral cryoinjury. Here, to determine the pattern of Dab-2 expression in a clip compression-induced rat spinal cord injury (SCI) model, the protein level and localization of Dab-2 in the spinal cord were investigated in rats with SCI using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Western blotting revealed that the expression of both the 75- and 100-kDa isoforms of Dab-2 peaked significantly in the spinal cord after clip compression injury 7 days post-injury compared to sham controls, and declined slightly thereafter. Immunohistochemistry revealed weak Dab-2 immunostaining in some neurons, glial cells, and ependymal cells in the spinal cords of the control animals, compared to staining in the macrophages and reactive astrocytes in lesions of the SCI animals. Overall, these findings suggest that both isoforms of Dab-2 are transiently upregulated in response to SCI and that the increased expression of Dab-2 is associated with the early activation of macrophages and astrogliosis in the course of CNS inflammation.


Assuntos
Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transporte Vesicular/biossíntese , Fraturas por Compressão/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/metabolismo , Animais , Astrócitos/metabolismo , Astrócitos/patologia , Fraturas por Compressão/patologia , Inflamação/metabolismo , Inflamação/patologia , Ativação de Macrófagos , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Macrófagos/patologia , Masculino , Isoformas de Proteínas/biossíntese , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/patologia
15.
Tissue Cell ; 47(2): 221-7, 2015 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25480445

RESUMO

The morphological features of the olfactory mucosae of Korean roe deer, Capreolus pygargus, were histologically studied using the ethmoid turbinates containing the olfactory mucosae from six roe deer (male, 2-3 years old). The ethmoid turbinates were embedded in paraffin, and histochemically evaluated in terms of the mucosal characteristics. Lectin histochemistry was performed to investigate the carbohydrate-binding specificity on the olfactory mucosa. Lectins, including Triticum vulgaris wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEA-I), and soybean agglutinin (SBA) were used for the N-acetylglucosamine, fucose and N-acetylgalactosamine carbohydrate groups, respectively. Histologically, the olfactory mucosa, positioned mainly in the caudal roof of the nasal cavity, consisted of the olfactory epithelium and the lamina propria. The olfactory epithelium consisted of protein gene product (PGP) 9.5-positive olfactory receptor cells, galectin-3-positive supporting cells and basal cells. Bowman's glands in the lamina propria were stained by both the periodic acid Schiff reagent and alcian blue (pH 2.5). Two types of lectin, WGA and SBA, were labeled in free border, receptor cells, supporting cells and Bowman's glands, with the exception of basal cells, while UEA-I was labeled in free border, supporting cells and Bowman's glands, but not in receptor cells and basal cells, suggesting that carbohydrate terminals on the olfactory mucosae of roe deer vary depending on cell type. This is the first morphological study of the olfactory mucosa of the Korean roe deer to evaluate carbohydrate terminals in the olfactory mucosae.


Assuntos
Cervos/metabolismo , Lectinas/metabolismo , Mucosa Olfatória/metabolismo , Acetilgalactosamina/metabolismo , Acetilglucosamina/metabolismo , Animais , Epitélio/metabolismo , Histocitoquímica/métodos , Masculino
16.
Acta Histochem ; 116(1): 258-64, 2014 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24055195

RESUMO

The vomeronasal organ (VNO) and accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) of the Korean roe deer (Capreolus pygargus) were studied histologically to evaluate their morphological characteristics. Grossly, the VNO, encased by cartilage, has a paired tubular structure with a caudal blind end and a rostral connection through incisive ducts on the hard palate. In the VNO, the vomeronasal sensory epithelium (VSE) consists of galectin-3-positive supporting cells, protein gene product (PGP) 9.5-positive receptor cells, and basal cells. The vomeronasal respiratory epithelium (VRE) consists of a pseudostratified epithelium. The AOB strata included a vomeronasal nerve layer (VNL), a glomerular layer (GL), a mitral/tufted cell layer, and a granular cell layer. All lectins used in this study, including Bandeiraea simplicifolia agglutinin isolectin B4 (BSI-B4), soybean agglutinin (SBA), Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEA-I), and Triticum vulgaris wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), labeled the VSE with varying intensity. In the AOB, both the VNL and the GL reacted with BSI-B4, SBA, and WGA with varying intensity, but not with UEA-I. This is the first morphological study of the VNO and AOB of the Korean roe deer, which are similar to those of goats.


Assuntos
Cervos/anatomia & histologia , Bulbo Olfatório/citologia , Órgão Vomeronasal/citologia , Animais , Epitélio/metabolismo , Feminino , Lectinas/metabolismo , Masculino , Bulbo Olfatório/metabolismo , Órgão Vomeronasal/metabolismo
17.
Acta Histochem ; 114(7): 713-8, 2012 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22240017

RESUMO

The immunohistochemical localization of galectin-3, a ß-galactoside-binding protein, was studied in the vomeronasal organ (VNO) of fetal, 1-day-old, and 6-month-old pigs. In all age groups, the porcine VNO consisted of vomeronasal sensory epithelium (VSE) located medially and non-sensory vomeronasal respiratory epithelium (VRE) located laterally. In the pig, the VNO epithelium increased in height with postnatal development from fetus to adult. In the VSE of all stages examined, galectin-3 immunostaining was seen in the supporting cells and free border, but not in receptor or basal cells. Galectin-3 immunostaining was seen in all layers of the VRE, and the intensity increased with postnatal development. In the lamina propria, galectin-3 was detected in some ductal epithelial cells and the vomeronasal nerve sheath, but not in the acini of the Jacobson glands in all age groups. In view of these observations, we postulate that galectin-3 plays a role in cell survival and cell adhesion in both the VSE and VRE of porcine VNO in all age groups.


Assuntos
Galectina 3/metabolismo , Sus scrofa/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Órgão Vomeronasal/metabolismo , Animais , Diferenciação Celular , Polaridade Celular , Células Epiteliais/metabolismo , Células Epiteliais/fisiologia , Imuno-Histoquímica , Mucosa Olfatória/metabolismo , Transporte Proteico , Sus scrofa/anatomia & histologia , Órgão Vomeronasal/citologia , Órgão Vomeronasal/crescimento & desenvolvimento
18.
Acta Histochem ; 114(5): 487-94, 2012 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21975054

RESUMO

Arginase 1 and arginase 2 catalyze the hydrolysis of arginine to ornithine and urea. The localization of these enzymes was studied in various tissues in Sprague-Dawley rats by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Western blot analysis showed that both arginase 1 and 2 were differentially expressed in the various organs examined. Arginase 1 was expressed at high levels in the liver, at moderate levels in the pancreas, and at low levels in the cerebrum, cerebellum, spinal cord, stomach, small and large intestines, kidneys, lungs, and spleen. The levels of arginase 2 immunoreactivity were high in the kidneys and pancreas, and moderate in the cerebrum, spinal cord, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and lungs; the levels were very low in the liver and spleen compared with that in the cerebellum. Immunohistochemical analysis largely confirmed the results of the Western blot analysis. These findings indicate that the levels of arginase 1 and 2 varied among organs, suggesting that the arginase isoforms may play organ-specific roles in the urea cycle.


Assuntos
Arginase/análise , Animais , Arginase/metabolismo , Western Blotting , Cerebelo/química , Cérebro/química , Imuno-Histoquímica , Intestino Grosso/química , Intestino Delgado/química , Rim/química , Fígado/química , Pulmão/química , Pâncreas/química , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Medula Espinal/química , Baço/química , Estômago/química
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