RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRIs) have developed as one of the potential treatment options for various kinds of cancers. Although a variety of dermatological adverse reactions such as follicular acneiform eruptions is commonly encountered, the mechanism of the reactions remains unclear. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the effects of EGFRIs on the expression of human ß-defensins against staphylococci to study the pathomechanism of cutaneous adverse reactions caused by EGFRIs. METHODS: We investigated the expressions of human ß-defensins 1, 2, and 3 (hBD1, 2, and 3) from staphylococci-stimulated normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) cultured with or without the effects of two EGFRIs, gefitinib and erlotinib. We stimulated NHEKs with the supernatant of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and S. epidermidis and the live staphylococci. We measured hBDs in the culture supernatants of NHEKs by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: EGFRIs did not suppress the expressions of hBD1 and 3 induced by S. aureus. In contrast, EGFRIs suppressed the expressions of hBD2 and 3 induced by S. epidermidis. CONCLUSION: EGFRIs may cause cutaneous adverse effects through selectively perturbing innate immune responses induced by commensal and pathogenic bacteria.
Assuntos
Receptores ErbB/antagonistas & inibidores , Queratinócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/toxicidade , Quinazolinas/toxicidade , Staphylococcus epidermidis/patogenicidade , beta-Defensinas/metabolismo , Células Cultivadas , Receptores ErbB/metabolismo , Cloridrato de Erlotinib , Gefitinibe , Interações Hospedeiro-Patógeno/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Imunidade Inata/efeitos dos fármacos , Queratinócitos/imunologia , Queratinócitos/metabolismo , Queratinócitos/microbiologia , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/imunologia , Staphylococcus aureus/patogenicidade , Staphylococcus epidermidis/imunologia , Fatores de TempoAssuntos
Proliferação de Células , Nevo Pigmentado/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Índice Mitótico , Nevo Pigmentado/congênito , Nevo Pigmentado/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Cutâneas/congênito , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico por imagem , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Polyacrylamide hydrogel has been considered a safe and biocompatible soft tissue filler, and it has been widely used in cosmetic procedures. However, recent studies have revealed some complications with polyacrylamide filler injections. CASE REPORT: We present the case of foreign-body granulomas of the glabella, which subsequently formed an infectious ulcer 3 years after a polyacrylamide injection. An immunohistochemical evaluation of the foreign-body granulomas was performed in order to study the relationship between foreign-body granulomas and immune response. CONCLUSION: We believe that our analysis of foreign-body granulomas 1 and 3 years after a filler injection may contribute to revealing the mechanism of chronic and intractable infections after filler injections.
RESUMO
Nagashima-type palmoplantar keratosis (PPK) is an autosomal recessive, transgressive and non-progressive form of PPK. It was once described as a mild form of mal de Meleda, but it is now proposed as a novel entity of PPK. Since its pathogenesis remains unclear, it is important to clarify the mode of inheritance. Here, we present a case of possible Nagashima-type PPK in 2 siblings. The siblings had non-affected parents, suggesting that the mode of inheritance was autosomal recessive. At present, reports on PPK in the English literature are limited, and thus the clinical features of Nagashima-type PPK may not be well appreciated in Western countries. More reports and concise clinical observations with genetic studies are required to establish this new entity of PPK.
