Indications of Helicobacter pylori Eradication Treatment and Its Influence on Prescriptions and Effectiveness (Hp-EuReg).

BACKGROUND: The influence of indications for Helicobacter pylori investigation on prescriptions and effectiveness is unknown. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of indications for H. pylori investigation on prescriptions, effectiveness, compliance, and tolerance. METHODS: International, prospective, non-interventional registry of the management of H. pylori infection by European gastroenterologists (Hp-EuReg). Treatment-näive patients registered from 2013 to 2023 at e-CRF AEG-REDCap were analyzed. The effectiveness was assessed by modified intention-to-treat analysis. RESULTS: Overall, 53,636 treatment-naïve cases from 34 countries were included. Most frequent indications were: dyspepsia with normal endoscopy (49%), non-investigated dyspepsia (20%), duodenal ulcer (11%), gastric ulcer (7.7%), and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (2.6%). Therapy effectiveness varied by indication: duodenal ulcer (91%), gastric ulcer (90%), preneoplastic lesions (90%), dyspepsia with normal endoscopy (89%), GERD (88%), and non-investigated dyspepsia (87%). Bismuth-metronidazole-tetracycline and clarithromycin-amoxicillin-bismuth quadruple therapies achieved 90% effectiveness in all indications except GERD. Concomitant clarithromycin-amoxicillin-tinidazole/metronidazole reached 90% cure rates except in patients with non-investigated dyspepsia; whereas sequential clarithromycin-amoxicillin-tinidazole/metronidazole proved optimal (≥90%) in patients with gastric ulcer only. Adverse events were higher in patients treated for dyspepsia with normal endoscopy and duodenal ulcer compared with the remaining indications (23% and 28%, p < 0.001). Therapeutic compliance was higher in patients with duodenal ulcer and preneoplastic lesions (98% and 99%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: In Europe, patients with gastric or duodenal ulcers and preneoplastic lesions showed higher H. pylori treatment effectiveness. Bismuth and non-bismuth quadruple therapies achieved optimal results in almost all indications. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02328131.

Experimental investigation on the physical, microstructural, and mechanical properties of hemp limecrete.

This paper investigates the hemp limecrete mechanical and microstructural performance of a new sustainable and environmental friendly building material. Several studies have investigated the hemp limecrete focusing on the non-structural applications. The newly developed hemp limecrete consists of high mechanical and microstructural properties. The specimens were prepared with varying lengths and proportions of hemp fibers with lime and tested for compressive strength, flexural strength, thermal conductivity and microstructural analysis like SEM and EDS. The study found that the optimal fiber content for making mortars was between 2 and 4%. This conclusion was reached after analyzing the influence of fiber length and ratio on the properties of the mortars. The dry unit weight decreased when the fiber content was higher than 4%. In terms of strength, the study found that the flexural strength of the hemp limecrete improved with an increase in fiber ratio, but the compressive strength decreased. However, with 2% hemp fiber, compressive strengths of 3.48 MPa and above were obtained. The study also highlighted the good thermal insulation properties and dimensional stability of hemp limecrete. These findings have important implications for the use of hemp limecrete as a sustainable building material. The results suggest that hemp limecrete has the potential to be a viable alternative to conventional concrete in specific applications, particularly in areas where environmental sustainability is a priority.

Analysis of Clinical Phenotypes through Machine Learning of First-Line H. pylori Treatment in Europe during the Period 2013-2022: Data from the European Registry on H. pylori Management (Hp-EuReg).

The segmentation of patients into homogeneous groups could help to improve eradication therapy effectiveness. Our aim was to determine the most important treatment strategies used in Europe, to evaluate first-line treatment effectiveness according to year and country. Data collection: All first-line empirical treatments registered at AEGREDCap in the European Registry on Helicobacter pylori management (Hp-EuReg) from June 2013 to November 2022. A Boruta method determined the "most important" variables related to treatment effectiveness. Data clustering was performed through multi-correspondence analysis of the resulting six most important variables for every year in the 2013-2022 period. Based on 35,852 patients, the average overall treatment effectiveness increased from 87% in 2013 to 93% in 2022. The lowest effectiveness (80%) was obtained in 2016 in cluster #3 encompassing Slovenia, Lithuania, Latvia, and Russia, treated with 7-day triple therapy with amoxicillin-clarithromycin (92% of cases). The highest effectiveness (95%) was achieved in 2022, mostly in Spain (81%), with the bismuth-quadruple therapy, including the single-capsule (64%) and the concomitant treatment with clarithromycin-amoxicillin-metronidazole/tinidazole (34%) with 10 (69%) and 14 (32%) days. Cluster analysis allowed for the identification of patients in homogeneous treatment groups assessing the effectiveness of different first-line treatments depending on therapy scheme, adherence, country, and prescription year.

Experimental Study on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructures of Cenosphere Concrete.

The most valuable components of coal fly ash are cenospheres. Cenospheres are hollow spherical particles produced during the coal-burning processes. As a result of their excellent characteristics, such as high workability, high heat resistance, low bulk density, and high strength, cenospheres can be used in the manufacturing of lightweight cement concrete. The research efforts and outcomes are to produce long-lasting cement-based lightweight concrete (LWC) composites with good mechanical properties. The novelty of this investigation is to determine the cement concrete strength when silica fume (SF) and cenospheres (CS) were used as a replacement for cement. Throughout the experiments, a consistent substitution of 12% silica fume was incorporated into cement mass. Silica is used as a micro filler and pozzolanic reactant to strengthen concrete. The concrete mixtures were tested to ensure they met the requirements of the lightweight concrete in terms of their mechanical, physical, and durability qualities. According to the findings, lightweight concrete standards were met, and environmental sustainability was improved with the use of these mix proportions. Concrete specimen's self-weight decreases by 35% with 30% cenosphere as a replacement. The micrograph shows the lack of portlandite is filled by mullite and other alumino silicates from the cenosphere. In order to achieve sustainability in concrete manufacturing, these mixtures can be suggested for the making of structural LWC that makes use of a large volume of industrial waste while conserving cement and natural resources.

Biodegradable Green Composites: Effects of Potassium Permanganate (KMnO4) Treatment on Thermal, Mechanical, and Morphological Behavior of Butea Parviflora (BP) Fibers.

This study emphasizes the importance of utilizing biodegradable material Butea parviflora (BP) fiber for sustainable solutions. BP fiber offers numerous ecological benefits, such as being lightweight, biodegradable, and affordable to recycle. The study examines the effects of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) treatment on BP fiber and analyzes its physical and chemical behavior using various methods, including X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis, tensile testing, thermogravimetric analysis, thermal conductivity, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analysis. The results demonstrate that BP fiber possesses low density (1.40 g/cc) and high cellulose content (59.4%), which fosters compatibility between the matrix and resin. XRD analysis indicates a high crystallinity index (83.47%) and crystallite size (6.4 nm), showcasing exceptional crystalline behavior. Treated fibers exhibit improved tensile strength (198 MPa) and Young's modulus (4.40 GPa) compared to untreated fibers (tensile strength-92 MPa, tensile modulus-2.16 GPa). The Tg-DTA thermograms reveal the fiber's thermal resistance up to 240 °C with a kinetic activation energy between 62.80-63.46 KJ/mol. Additionally, the lowered thermal conductivity (K) from Lee's disc experiment suggests that BP fiber could be used in insulation applications. SEM photographic results display effective surface roughness for composite making, and FTIR studies reveal vibrational variations of cellulosic functional groups, which correlates with increased cellulosic behavior. Overall, the study affirms the potential of BP fiber as a reinforcing material for composite-making while emphasizing the importance of utilizing biodegradable materials for sustainability.

Comparison of the efficacy of two alveolar recruitment manoeuvres in improving the lung mechanics and the degree of atelectasis in anaesthetized healthy sheep.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the application of two types of alveolar recruitment manoeuvres (ARMs) followed by a positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) improved lung mechanics and the degree of atelectasis caused by general anaesthesia. Twenty-one female Merino sheep were divided into three groups: sustained inflation ARM (ARMsust), stepwise ARM (AMRstep), and control (without ARM). Sheep received detomidine-morphine for premedication, propofol for induction, and isoflurane during general anaesthesia in a volume-controlled mode with 100% oxygen during the first 15 min of anaesthesia and 40% the rest of the study. The right jugular vein and metacarpal artery were catheterised for mixed venous and arterial blood sample collection, respectively. The quasistatic compliance (Cqst), oxygenation parameters, and shunt fraction (Qs/Qt) were monitored before ARM application (TpreARM), and at 10 (T10) and 60 min (T60) after ARM application. A pulmonary histopathological study was conducted on five animals from each group. A significant increase in Cqst was observed in both ARM groups at T10 compared to TpreARM (ARMsust: P = 0.001; ARMstep: P = 0.002), although only the ARMsust group showed significant differences compared to the control group. The ARMstep group presented a significant improvement in oxygenation parameters and Qs/Qt fraction (T10: 4.84 (3.26-16.48)%, P = 0.048; T60: 4.40 (4.31-14.16)%, P = 0.004) compared with TpreARM (21.48 (20.61-28.32)%). The ARMstep group had the highest percentage of alveolar area and the most homogeneous values. In conclusion, the application of a stepwise ARM followed by PEEP improved atelectasis caused by isoflurane anaesthesia in healthy sheep.

Consensus for the use of flash glucose monitoring in the Colombian adult population with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus / Consenso para el uso de monitoreo de glucosa flash en la población adulta colombiana con diabetes mellitus tipo 1 y 2

Abstract Introduction: in Colombia, the Clinical Practice Guidelines for the treatment of patients with type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2) diabetes do not mention the use of flash glucose monitoring, as this system was not available. The objective of this study was to establish a set of recommendations for the use of intermittent flash monitoring in Colombia. Methods: the group of experts consisted of eight Colombian physicians from different cities within Colombia, with expertise in the management of patients with DM1 and DM2; a certified diabetes nurse educator; a patient with DM1; and a methodological expert. Using the Zoom Enterprise video conferencing application (Zoom Video Communications, San Jose, California), the group generated questions through the Metaplan method, then carried out a systematic literature search and evidence review. The recommendations were made according to the degree of evidence and strength of the recommendation, following the GRADE method. Results: clinical recommendations were made for: a) patients with DM1 and hypoglycemia; b) patients with DM1 and poor metabolic control; c) patients with insulin-treated DM2; d) pregestational diabetes; e) quality of life; and f) inpatient use. Conclusions: this consensus's clinical recommendations guide clinical decision making with regard to the use of intermittent flash monitoring in patients with diabetes in various clinical settings. (Acta Med Colomb 2022; 47. DOI:https://doi.org/10.36104/amc.2022.2239).

Resumen Introducción: en Colombia las Guías de Práctica Clínica para el manejo del paciente con diabetes tipo 1 (DM1) y tipo 2 (DM2) no mencionan el uso del monitoreo de glucosa flash dado que dicho sistema no estaba disponible. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue establecer un grupo de recomendaciones sobre el uso del monitoreo intermitente flash en Colombia. Métodos: el grupo de expertos estuvo conformado por ocho médicos colombianos expertos en el manejo de pacientes con DM1 y DM2 de diversas ciudades de Colombia, una enfermera licenciada educadora en diabetes, una paciente con diagnóstico de DM1 y un experto metodológico. A través de Zoom Enterprise versión de la aplicación de videoconferencia Zoom (Zoom Video Communications, San Jose, California) el grupo generó las preguntas con metodología Metaplan. Posteriormente, se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de la literatura y análisis de la evidencia. Las recomendaciones se generaron mediante grupo nominal según el grado de evidencia y la formaleza de la recomendación siguiendo la metodología GRADE. Resultados: se generaron recomendaciones clínicas enfocadas a: a) paciente con diagnóstico de DM1 e hipoglucemia; b) paciente con diagnóstico de DM1 y mal control metabólico, c) paciente con diagnóstico de DM tipo 2 tratado con insulina, d) diabetes pregestacional, e) calidad de vida y f) uso intrahospitalario. Conclusiones: las recomendaciones clínicas del presente consenso orientan la toma de decisiones clínicas con respecto al uso de monitoreo intermitente flash en el paciente con diagnóstico de diabetes en diferentes escenarios clínicos. (Acta Med Colomb 2022; 47. DOI:https://doi.org/10.36104/amc.2022.2239).

Focused assessment with sonography for trauma in predicting early surgical intervention in hemodynamically unstable children with blunt abdominal trauma.

OBJECTIVES: The predictive accuracy and clinical role of the focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) exam in pediatric blunt abdominal trauma are uncertain. This study investigates the performance of the emergency department (ED) FAST exam to predict early surgical intervention and subsequent free fluid (FF) in pediatric trauma patients. METHODS: Pediatric level 1 trauma patients ages 0 to 15 years with blunt torso trauma at a single trauma center were retrospectively reviewed. After stratification by initial hemodynamic (HD) instability, the association of a positive FAST with (1) early surgical intervention, defined as operative management (laparotomy or open pericardial window) or angiography within 4 hours of ED arrival and (2) presence of FF during early surgical intervention was determined. RESULTS: Among 508 salvageable pediatric trauma patients with an interpreted FAST exam, 35 (6.9%) had HD instability and 98 (19.3%) were FAST positive. A total of 42 of 508 (8.3%) patients required early surgical intervention, and the sensitivity and specificity of FAST predicting early surgical intervention were 59.5% and 84.3%, respectively. The specificity and positive predictive value of FF during early surgical intervention in FAST-positive HD unstable patients increased from 50% and 90.9% at 4 hours after ED arrival to 100% and 100% at 2 hours after ED arrival, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In this large series of injured children, a positive FAST exam improves the ability to predict the need for early surgical intervention, and accuracy is greater for FF in HD unstable patients 2 hours after arrival to the ED.

Monitoring a 28.5 m High Anchored Pile Wall in Gravel Using Various Methods.

Horizontal displacements of a multiple-anchor pile wall in a 28.5 m deep excavation using the top-down construction method have been monitored using optical fiber (Brillouin optical time-domain reflectometry (BOTDR)), strain gauges, inclinometers, and a topographic survey. This work presents a comparison between these different techniques to measure horizontal displacements in the pile at several stages of the soil excavation process. It was observed that displacements can be separated into two components: Rigid body motion and pile flexural deformation. Measurements using optical fiber and inclinometers are considered the most adequate and easy to install. A numerical model allows us to evaluate the influence of earth pressure on the estimated horizontal displacements. It is shown that using soil pressure on the wall given by p = 0.65Kaγh, on a simplified modeled wall, provides a close deduction of horizontal displacements compared to observed values on the field.

Avances en la rehabilitación auditiva con células madre / Advances in hearing rehabilitation with stem cells

Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud en el mundo hay 360 millones de personas que sufren algún tipo de pérdida auditiva discapacitante. Actualmente los tratamientos más usados para la rehabilitación de hipoacusias neurosensoriales son los aparatos electrónicos como audífonos o dispositivos implantables, tanto cocleares como osteointegrados. La presente revisión resume los avances que se han producido en la rehabilitación auditiva con células madre, y cómo éstas contribuyen en la generación de nuevas células ciliadas y neuronas auditivas. También se revisa el uso combinado con implantes cocleares, y cómo este último ayuda a la creación de redes entre las células ciliadas y las neuronas auditivas. Si bien queda un largo camino por recorrer y poder resolver algunos problemas como la implantación en la cóclea o ganglio espiral de las células o neuronas creadas exógenamente, este tipo de terapia abre una solución para una rehabilitación auditiva que en muchos casos supondría la solución definitiva para la discapacidad auditiva

There are 360 million people who suffers some kind of Hearing loss disability according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Currently, the electronic devices such as hearing aids or implantable devices both cochlear and osseointegrated, are the most useful treatments to hearing loss rehabilitation. The following review summarized both the advances that have occurred in the auditory rehabilitation with stem cells, and how they have helped in the generation of new hair cells and auditory neurons. Besides, both the combined use with cochlear implants and how it helps to create networks between the hair cells and the auditory neuron was reviewed. Although, there is a long way to go and solving some problems, such as implantation in the wall or the spiral ganglion of cells or neurons created exogenously, this kind of therapy opens a solution for a rehabilitation which would be the solution definitive for hearing impairment

Contralateral trapezius transfer to treat scapular winging: A case report and review of literature.

BACKGROUND: No dynamic technique, such as tendon transfer, has been described for scapular winging due to levator scapulae or rhomboid major and minor palsies resulting from an isolated dorsal scapular nerve injury. Thus, we evaluated how the contralateral trapezius compound osteomuscular flap transfer would work in stabilizing lateral scapular winging, and the case is reported here. A literature review was also conducted, and articles relevant to the case are presented. CASE SUMMARY: A 37-year-old male patient who had sustained an isolated dorsal scapular nerve injury underwent reconstructive surgery using the contralateral trapezius compound osteomuscular flap transfer technique to treat scapular winging and the consequent pain, and to restore function from the shoulder impairment. As a result, the involved shoulder showed an improved Constant-Murley score, from 19.5% to 81.88%. CONCLUSION: Contralateral trapezius osteomuscular flap transfer succeeded in stabilizing scapular winging in this case, improving shoulder function and affording pain relief.

Correction to: Microleakage in class V composite and compomer restorations following exposure to a colutory prescribed for the treatment of xerostomy.

In the original publication of the article, one of the author names was published incorrectly as José L. Calvo. The correct name is José L. Calvo-Guirado.

[Exercise and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus]. / Efecto del ejercicio físico sobre marcadores de estrés oxidativo en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2.

Sedentarism, overweight and malnutrition generate an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species leading to a state of chronic oxidative stress. In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, oxidative stress alters pancreatic insulin secretion and the actions of the hormone on target cells, contributing to the development of micro and macrovascular complications. During physical exertion a state of transient oxidative stress occurs. As a consequence, the organism generates multiple physiological adaptations to these repetitive stimuli. Physical exercise is beneficial for type 2 diabetes mellitus but there is a paucity of information about the effects of physical exercise on biomarkers of oxidative stress in patients with the disease. We herein try to elucidate if the effects of exercise on oxidative stress can help in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and which is the most effective modality of physical exercise to reduce oxidative stress markers.

Efecto del ejercicio físico sobre marcadores de estrés oxidativo en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 / Exercise and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Sedentarism, overweight and malnutrition generate an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species leading to a state of chronic oxidative stress. In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, oxidative stress alters pancreatic insulin secretion and the actions of the hormone on target cells, contributing to the development of micro and macrovascular complications. During physical exertion a state of transient oxidative stress occurs. As a consequence, the organism generates multiple physiological adaptations to these repetitive stimuli. Physical exercise is beneficial for type 2 diabetes mellitus but there is a paucity of information about the effects of physical exercise on biomarkers of oxidative stress in patients with the disease. We herein try to elucidate if the effects of exercise on oxidative stress can help in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and which is the most effective modality of physical exercise to reduce oxidative stress markers.

Reemplazo parcial de rodilla mediante el sistema robótico NAVIO: resultados clínicos postquirúrgicos evaluados mediante Knee injury Osteoartritis Outcome Score / Robotic-assisted unicompartmental knee replacement with NAVIO surgical system: outcome evaluation using the Knee Injury Osteoarthritis Outcome Score

INTRODUCCIÓN: La osteoartritis de rodilla es una de las patologías musculo esqueléticas más prevalentes en el mundo, y el tratamiento quirúrgico es hasta hoy, la única terapia definitiva. El sistema NAVIO™ es uno de los dispositivos robóticos más recientemente a disposición para realizar el reemplazo parcial de rodilla. Ofrece gran precisión en el proceso de alineamiento, remodelado óseo y balance de los tejidos blandos, sin exponer al paciente a la radiación ni a los costos de la tomografía computarizada que suele realizarse con los sistemas robóticos actuales antes del procedimiento artroplástico. OBJETIVO: Evaluar los resultados medidos por los pacientes antes y después del procedimiento artroplástico mediante NAVIO™ y la prótesis STRIDE™. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Aplicación del cuestionario Knee injury Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) en el preoperatorio y a los 12 meses del procedimiento quirúrgico de los primeros 47 pacientes operados usando NAVIO™ en Cornerstone Regional Hospital, Edinburg, Texas. RESULTADOS: Se observó una mejoría de las muestras normalizadas en todas las categorías con un p < 0.05. COMENTARIO: Estudios recientes han sugerido que en Chile la presentación de la osteoartritis se asocia a un grado de severidad menor que en el resto de los países latinoamericanos. Lo cual torna relevante la aplicación de terapias quirúrgicas más conservadoras, que ofrezcan al paciente un alivio sintomático y le permitan reestablecerse a sus actividades cotidianas causando el mínimo impacto posible. Esas ventajas fueron observadas en los pacientes sometidos a ese procedimiento quirúrgico. CONCLUSIONES: La artroplastia unicompartimental de rodilla mediante el sistema quirúrgico NAVIO™ y prótesis STRIDE™ demostró mejorar substancialmente la vida diaria y calidad de vida de los pacientes, disminuyendo el dolor y mejorando su función durante las actividades deportivas y recreacionales.

INTRODUCTION: Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal pathologies in the world and the surgical treatment is until today the only definitive therapy. NAVIO™ system is one of the most recently available robotic devices for partial knee arthroplasty. It offers great precision in the process of alignment, bone remodeling and soft tissue balancing without exposing the patient to the radiation or the costs of the CT scan usually performed before the arthroplasty with the current robotic systems. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcomes measured by the patients before and after the arthroplasty using NAVIO™ and the STRIDE™ prosthesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Application of the Knee Injury Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) questionnaire in the preoperative and 12 months after the surgical procedure of the first 47 patients operated using NAVIO™ at Cornerstone Regional Hospital, Edinburg, Texas. RESULTS: There was an improvement of the normalized samples in all the categories with p < 0.05. COMMENTARY: Recent studies have suggested that in Chile the presentation of osteoarthritis is associated with a lower degree of severity compared with the rest of Latin American countries. This makes relevant the application of more conservative surgical therapies, which could offer the patient symptomatic relief and allow them to reestablish their daily activities causing the minimum impact possible. These advantages were observed in patients undergoing this surgical procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Unicompartmental knee replacement using NAVIO ™ surgical system and STRIDE™ prosthesis demonstrated a substantial improvement in patient's quality of life, reducing pain and improving their function during sports and recreational activities.

Valoración de los recién nacidos,a los 3 días y a los 3 meses,atendidos en ASSBASALUD ESE,Manizales, (Colombia), 2011-2012 / Newborn screening at 3 day and 3 months treated in ASSBASALUD ESE, Manizales, (Colombia), 2011 – 2012

Objetivo: Evaluar los progresos del crecimiento y del desarrollo durante el primer trimestre de vida según lo estipulado en la Resolución 0412/00 del Ministerio de la Protección social de la República de Colombia, y la adherencia a la 1° y 2° consulta posnatal por parte de las madres. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de corte transversal analítico, en una población de 1 229 recién nacidos, cuyo parto fue atendido en las clínicas de ASSBSALUD E.S.E (Manizales-Colombia) sede San Cayetano entre los años 2011 y 2012. Se analizaron las historias clínicas para extraer de allí los variables necesarias par a el estudio. Resultados: Al primer control posnatal asistieron el 83,2% de los recién nacidos, con una edad promedio de 3,4 días, al 2° el 44,6%, con una edad promedio de 3,4 meses, el 76,7% de las madres dieron lactancia materna exclusiva a sus bebés, el 6,1% no tenían plan de inmunización completo, 10% con patologías congénitas, Osteo-muscular en el 28,3%, 44,3% de patología adquirida, en el 53,5% respiratoria, sífilis congénita en el o,2%, no se encontraron casos de ictericia.Básicamente asistió a controles la población urbana, la que había asistido a más controles prenatales, y cuando el bebé tenía alguna patología, congénita o adquirida. Conclusiones: La alta inasistencia, sobre todo en l a 2° consulta posnacimiento,dificulta el seguimiento del progreso del crecimiento y desarrollo del bebé durante el primer trimestre de vida en esta población.

Microleakage in Class V composite and compomer restorations following exposure to a colutory prescribed for the treatment of xerostomy.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a colutory (XeroLacer, Lacer), prescribed for the treatment of xerostomy, on microleakage into class V cavities filled with a composite (Z100, 3M ESPE) or a compomer (F2000, 3M ESPE) in combination with either a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive (Adper Scotchbond 1XT, 3M ESPE) or a self-etching adhesive (Adper Prompt L-Pop, 3M ESPE). Class V cavities were made in the buccal surfaces of 80 bovine lower incisors which were randomly divided into four groups (n = 20): (1) Adper Scotchbond 1XT/Z100; (2) Adper Scotchbond 1XT/F2000; (3) Adper Prompt L-Pop/Z100; and (4) Adper PLP/F2000. All specimens were immersed in distilled water for 3 months and ten specimens of each group were immersed and vibrated in XeroLacer for 2 min three times a day. The specimens were dyed with 1% methylene blue for 24 h. Longitudinal sections were made and percentages of microleakage were determined by image analysis. In distilled water, microleakage with the Adper Scotchbond 1XT/F2000 combination was significantly greater than with Adper Scotchbond 1XT/Z100 or Adper Prompt L-Pop/Z100, and microleakage with Adper Prompt L-Pop/F2000 was significantly greater than that with Adper Prompt L-Pop/Z100. No significant differences were detected among the groups exposed to XeroLacer. However microleakage was significantly less with Adper Scotchbond 1XT/F2000 after exposure to XeroLacer than after immersion in distilled water only. In conclusion, exposure to XeroLacer decreased microleakage into cavities restored with the compomer.

Caracterización electroforética de las globulinas del grano fermentado de tres tipos de cacao / Electrophoretic characterization of globulins from fermented grains of three types of cocoa

Se caracterizaron electroforéticamente las globulinas del grano fermentado de los cacaos tipo criollo, forastero y trinitario de la localidad de Cumboto, estado Aragua, Venezuela, para lo cual fueron cosechadas mazorcas de dos plantas por cada tipo de cacao, a razón de tres frutos por planta, en las parcelas El Paraíso, La Vega de Santa Cruz y La Isleta. Mazorcas sanas de cada tipo de cacao fueron desgranadas manualmente y sometidas a un proceso de fermentación durante 5 días. A los granos fermentados se les eliminó la pulpa, y los cotiledones fueron secados en una estufa por 48h a 40ºC, seguido de un proceso de molienda. Las globulinas fueron extraídas con solución 0,5M NaCl y analizadas electroforéticamente por PAGE-SDS unidimensional en gel de placa de poliacrilamida 20 por ciento. Los resultados revelaron variaciones significativas (p<0,05) de los contenidos de proteína en el polvo desgrasado de los granos fermentados entre los tipos de cacao (17,6-20,3 por ciento) y en las parcelas (17,5-20,3 por ciento). Igualmente, la cantidad de globulinas difirió entre las parcelas (15,3-30,4 por ciento), en tanto que los valores no se diferenciaron estadísticamente entre los tipos (16,8-24,9 por ciento). El análisis electroforético de las globulinas mostró patrones con un total de 49 bandas tenues con movilidades relativas entre 0,214 y 0,971 y pesos moleculares entre 79 y 13,8kDa, los cuales variaron entre las plantas, tipos de cacao y parcelas