RESUMO
Mandibular and maxillary cysts originate from elements of the teeth (odontogenic), or from epithelial remnants trapped in fusion lines during development (nonodontogenic). Both types can be clinically asymptomatic and must be treated surgically. The specific diagnosis of a jaw cyst and its recurrence depends upon the anatomical location, the radiographic appearance, and the pathological diagnosis.
Assuntos
Doenças Mandibulares/etiologia , Doenças Maxilares/etiologia , Cistos Odontogênicos/etiologia , Humanos , Doenças Mandibulares/cirurgia , Doenças Maxilares/cirurgia , Cistos Odontogênicos/cirurgiaRESUMO
Subglottic stenosis, a laryngeal narrowing, can be either congenital or acquired. There are various anatomic abnormalities of the cricoid that explain the congenital types. The acquired type is due to prolonged intubation in 90% of cases. Anterior cricoid split can obviate the need for a tracheotomy in the neonate with minimal nonfibrotic subglottic stenosis. Laryngotracheal reconstruction allows correction of the more severely stenotic children. Both of these procedures strive to provide an adequate airway and a satisfactory voice.
Assuntos
Laringoestenose/etiologia , Criança , Humanos , Laringoscopia , Laringoestenose/cirurgiaRESUMO
External auditory canal atresia (EACA) can occur bilaterally as well as unilaterally. Usually there is an accompanying auricular deformity. Surgical intervention in bilateral cases is mandatory to promote normal speech and language development. Unilateral EACA cases often do not receive surgical intervention until the patient is 18 years of age. Preoperative evaluation of the EACA patient requires behavioral audiometry, auditory brain stem evoked response, and a computerized tomographic scan.
Assuntos
Meato Acústico Externo/anormalidades , Pré-Escolar , Terapia Combinada , Meato Acústico Externo/diagnóstico por imagem , Meato Acústico Externo/embriologia , Meato Acústico Externo/patologia , Meato Acústico Externo/cirurgia , Auxiliares de Audição , Humanos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
The intrathecal administration of gentamicin has been used to treat bacterial meningitis. However, the influence of this route of administration on the well-known ototoxic activity of gentamicin is unknown. This route of administration should facilitate access to the inner ear and should increase the ototoxic liability. The possible ototoxic and neurotoxic effects of intrathecally administered gentamicin (0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 10 mg/day) in cats were evaluated. Hearing thresholds were obtained by a noninvasive technique prior to and on the 7th and 21st days after the initiation of a seven-day dosage regimen. Histological examination of the organ of Corti was routinely done. Additionally, the vestibular organs of one animal on the 4 mg/day regimen were examined. The concentrations of gentamicin in the cerebrospinal fluid were also determined. The data indicate that the 2 mg/day dose may be very close to the threshold dose for ototoxicity when gentamicin is given by intracisternal administration.
