"Fully endoscopic preperitoneal ascending suprapubic approach for minimally invasive repair of anterior and lateral abdominal wall hernias".

PURPOSE: The aim of this work is to describe the rational, feasibility and clinical and Quality-of-life improvement results of a fully endoscopic preperitoneal repair for midline and lateral abdominal wall hernias, starting from the space of Retzius in a "bottom-to-up" approach. METHODS: An observational prospective data-collected and quality of life study is performed in selected patients with less than 10 cm. in diameter midline and lateral abdominal wall hernias. A suprapubic upward e-TEP technique from a previously dissected Retzius space, is performed in all cases. The surgical goal is to perform a total free-tension abdominal wall reconstruction followed by a prosthetic hernioplasty. Clinical Data is classified in preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables, including a quality-of-life clinical evaluation based on an improvement of HerQLes score. RESULTS: A total of 30 patients underwent this approach from September 2017 to October 2022 in a single-surgeon practice. A total restoration of the previous abdominal wall anatomy and a prosthetic repair were achieved in all cases. The mean operative time was 142.53 min, with a significant shorter time in lateral hernias approach. Minor complications (Clavien-Dindo I) were collected in 10% of the patients. Major complications (Clavien-Dindo IIIb) occurred in 6.66% of the patients. The mean pain at discharge was 1.83 VAS, with a significant lower pain in M-eTEP approach for lateral hernias. The mean hospital stay was 42.4 h. No seroma, hematoma, chronic pain, or recurrence was observed in the mean follow-up (20.33 months). A clinical and quality of life improvement was found in 92.9% of the patients, measured by a minimal clinical important difference (MCID) between preoperative and postoperative HerQLes score. CONCLUSION: Despite being a technically demanding approach, the results obtained by this approach are compatible in safety and feasibility with other minimally invasive preperitoneal hernia repair techniques, in addition to obtaining a significant improvement in the quality of life of patients.

Proctitis in patients with monkeypox infection: a single-center analysis of 42 consecutive cases from a multidisciplinary observational study on monkeypox proctitis.

BACKGROUND: The current monkeypox (MP) virus outbreak was declared an international emergency in July 2022. The aim of this report is to describe our initial experience with patients with MP, focusing on proctitis. METHODS: We conducted an observational study between 20 May and 31 July 2022, on patients with MP at a reference tertiary center in Madrid, Spain. A descriptive analysis on MP was performed, focusing on its characteristics, symptoms, diagnosis, and outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 143 positive MP cases were diagnosed in our center; 42 of them [all male, median age 39 years (range: 22-57 years)] had proctitis (29.37%), and 3 patients (2.09%/MP total cases and 7.14%/MP proctitis) required surgical drainage of a perianal abscess. CONCLUSIONS: General and digestive surgeons must be aware of the presence of proctological impairment and complications due to MP virus.

Targeted Electromyographic Biofeedback With Endoanal Electrostimulation for Anal Incontinence.

Purpose. Anal incontinence (AI) is a disabling condition with a variable response to conservative physical therapies. We assess the utility of combining electromyographic biofeedback with endoanal electrostimulation targeted to the weakest areas of the pelvic floor using the MAPLe® probe (Multiple Array Probe Leiden Novuqare). Methods. Patients with AI unresponsive to conservative measures were assessed before and after treatment with anorectal manometry (ARM), electromyography (EMG), Wexner Continence Scoring, Visual Analog Scoring (VAS), FIQL and SF-12 quality of life determination. Results. Of 29 patients in the final analysis, there was an improvement in the mean Wexner continence score from 13.59 to 8.03 and a concomitant improvement in the reported VAS from 3.45 to 6.72. Both Wexner continence and VAS scores were maintained during follow-up. Maximum voluntary manometric contraction significantly improved from 91.76 mmHg to 110.33 mmHg with no changes in resting pressure. The EMG values ​​(µV) that significantly improved included the average and peak resistance, the average general voluntary contraction, and the average and peak voluntary contraction for both the external anal sphincter and the puborectalis. In the FIQL, behavior, depression and shame domains improved after treatment and during follow-up with lifestyle improvements detected at 6 and 12 months. Physical and mental components of the SF-12 improved at 6 and 12 months. Conclusions. Targeted electromyographic biofeedback and endoanal electrostimulation using MAPLe® probe in AI patients sustainably improves objective ARM and EMG parameters along with subjective reporting of continence severity, VAS, and quality of life.

Optimizing sacral neuromodulation for low anterior resection syndrome: learning from our experience.

AIM: The aim of this work was to review our institutional series of patients treated with sacral neuromodulation (SNM) for low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) and evaluate possible factors associated with therapeutic success. METHOD: Twenty-five patients were treated with SNM for LARS between 2008 and 2019. SNM was performed as per our institutional protocol. Patients were evaluated with Wexner and LARS scores before and after SNM treatment. A visual analogue scale (1-10) was used to evaluate overall patient satisfaction with SNM. RESULTS: There were significant differences between the mean LARS score values before (37.82) and after (29) SNM therapy (P < 0.004). The mean Wexner score was higher (16.24) before SNM treatment than afterwards (11.13) (P < 0.004). There was a direct relationship between the height of anastomosis and LARS score (P = 0.035): there were big changes in LARS scoring (pre-/post-SNM therapy) in patients with higher anastomoses, and vice versa. Patients who received radiotherapy scored lower in mean satisfaction (6.38) than patients without previous radiotherapy (8.22) (P = 0.008). There was an important positive association between Wexner score and patient satisfaction (P = 0.001): relevant changes in Wexner scoring after SNM therapy were associated with high patient satisfaction, and vice versa. CONCLUSION: Our study showed a relationship between changes in Wexner and LARS scores before and after SNM and overall patient satisfaction with SNM therapy. These findings also suggest patients with previous radiotherapy may have worse results with SNM (based on lower overall satisfaction), and that higher anastomoses have a greater impact on the post-SNM LARS score.

Impacto de la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 sobre la actividad y profesionales de un Servicio de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo en un hospital terciario / SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the activity and professionals of a General Surgery and Digestive Surgery Service in a tertiary hospital

INTRODUCCIÓN: La rápida expansión de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 ha supuesto una radical reorganización de los recursos sanitarios y la exposición de profesionales al contagio. Los servicios de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo también necesitan adaptarse a este cambio. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Se realiza un estudio observacional descriptivo prospectivo de los casos de COVID-19 en pacientes y cirujanos de un Servicio de Cirugía General en un área de alta incidencia de infección entre el 1 y el 31 de marzo de 2020. RESULTADOS: Pacientes: La incidencia de infección por SARS-CoV-2 en los pacientes programados con hospitalización en el postoperatorio inmediato fue del 7%. Su edad media fue de 59,5 años y todos evolucionaron satisfactoriamente en planta. De 36 pacientes intervenidos de urgencia, dos fueron SARS-CoV-2+ y uno altamente sospechoso de COVID-19 (11,1%). Los tres pacientes fallecieron por insuficiencia respiratoria, su edad media era de 81 años. Cirujanos: Hubo un total de 12 casos SARS-CoV-2 + confirmados (24,4%) (8 de 34 adjuntos y 4 de 15 residentes).Actividad asistencial: El número medio de intervenciones quirúrgicas urgentes diarias bajó de 3,6 en febrero a 1,16 en el mes de marzo. El 42% de los pacientes intervenidos a partir de la entrada en vigor de las primeras medidas de aislamiento a nivel regional, presentaban cuadros evolucionados. CONCLUSIONES: El aumento de casos en la población general de COVID-19 debe alertar a los Servicios de Cirugía General de la necesidad de tomar de medidas de forma precoz que garanticen la seguridad de los pacientes y de los cirujanos

INTRODUCTION: The rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection has led to a radical reorganization of healthcare resources. Surgical Departments need to adapt to this change. PATIENTS AND METHODS:We performed a prospective descriptive observational study of the incidence of COVID-19 in patients and surgeons of a General Surgical Department in a high prevalence area, between the 1st and 31st of March 2020. RESULTS:Patients: The incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in elective surgery patients was 7% (mean age 59.5 years). All survived.Of 36 patients who underwent emergency surgery, two of them were SARS-CoV-2 positive and one was clinically highly suspicious of COVID-19 (11.1%). All three patients died of respiratory failure (mean age 81 years). Surgeons: There were a total of 12 confirmed SARS-CoV-2+ cases among the surgical department staff (24.4%) (8 out of 34 consultants and 4 out of 15 residents).Healthcare activity: The average number of daily emergency surgical interventions declined from 3.6 in February to 1.16 in March. 42% of the patients who underwent emergency surgery had peritonitis upon presentation. CONCLUSIONS: The fast pace of COVID-19 pandemia, should alert surgical departments of the need of adopting early measures to ensure the safety of patients and staff

Sacral nerve stimulation for constipation: long-term outcomes.

BACKGROUND: There has been some controversy regarding the efficacy of sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) for the treatment of chronic constipation, due to less positive outcomes and concerns about cost-effectiveness in the long term. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of SNS in patients with chronic constipation. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on patients who had SNS for chronic constipation in 2008-2017 at our institution. Clinical factors, profile of constipation, physiology studies, and patient satisfaction with SNS therapy were investigated during a follow-up period up to 10 years after the implantation. RESULTS: Twenty-nine patients [86% female, median age 49 years (range 17-86)] were tested for SNS, and 24 received implants after a positive test phase [median 47 days (range 21-56 days)]. There were 27 bilateral and 2 unilateral implants, in S3 or S4 depending on best response. Mean follow-up was 59 months. Efficacy was considered as a score > 5 (on a scale of 1-10) in general symptom improvement. Nine (37.9%) implanted patients had a satisfaction score > 5. In 6 cases (25%), patient satisfaction was higher than 9. Due to the small sample size, there were no statistically significant variables considered as predictors of response. CONCLUSIONS: Our results agree with current studies which describe around a 30% response of SNS for refractory constipation. However, there is a small group of patients highly satisfied with SNS therapy. More studies are needed to better understand this profile and optimize outcomes.

Is routine endoanal ultrasound useful in anal fistulas?

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of endoanal ultrasound with hydrogen peroxide enhancement in the assessment of anal fistula (tract and internal opening), and to value the utility of this examination for anal or perianal suppuration when performed by a colorectal surgeon trained in this technique. PATIENTS: Endoanal ultrasound was performed in 103 patients with anal or perianal suppuration. Twenty patients were excluded: 9 had the external opening closed, and 11 had cryptoglandular abscesses. All ultrasound scans were performed by the same explorer using a BK Diagnostic Ultrasound System with a 7 MHz endoprobe. The examination was based on the identification of the three anal planes, then hydrogen peroxide was infused and the procedure was repeated. RESULTS: Out of 83 patients included, 11 had a perianal sinus and 72 an anal fistula. In all fistulas the main tract was found: 24 were inter-sphinteric (33.33%), 33 trans-sphincteric (45.83%), 3 supra-sphincteric (4.17%), and 12 extra-sphincteric (16.67%). An internal opening was identified in 69 (95.83%). CONCLUSIONS: Endoanal ultrasound with hydrogen peroxide enhancement is an effective examination to visualize fistulous tracts and internal openings. We think it is highly useful for anal or perianal suppuration to identify abscesses, to recognize a perianal sinus, to check the sphincteric condition, and to plan subsequent surgery.

¿Es útil la ecografía endoanal de rutina en las fístulas perianales? / Is routine endoanal ultrasound useful in anal fistulas?

Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad de la ecografía endoanal contrastada con inyección de agua oxigenada para establecer la topografía fistulosa (trayecto y localización del orificio interno) y valorar la conveniencia de esta exploración en la supuración anal o perianal cuando es realizada por un cirujano general dedicado a coloproctología y entrenado en esta técnica. Pacientes: se hizo ecografía endoanal a 103 pacientes con supuración anal o perianal. Se excluyeron 20 pacientes del estudio: 9 tenían el orificio externo de la fístula cerrado y 11 presentaban abscesos de origen criptoglandular. Todas las ecografías fueron hechas por el mismo explorador utilizando un ecógrafo B&K con sonda rotatoria de 7 MHz. La exploración consistía en identificar los tres planos ecográficos del canal anal, inyectar agua oxigenada por el orificio externo y repetir el procedimiento. Resultados: de los 83 pacientes incluidos, 11 resultaron ser sinus y 72 fístulas perianales. De estas se localizó el trayecto principal en todas, identificándose 24 interesfinterianas (33,33%), 33 transesfinterianas (45,83%), 3 supraesfinterianas (4,17%) y 12 extraesfinterianas (16,67%). Se localizó el orificio interno en 69 (95,83%). Conclusiones: la ecografía endoanal realzada con agua oxigenada es un método efectivo para visualizar el trayecto y el orificio interno de las fístulas perianales. Creemos que resulta de gran utilidad en todos los casos de supuración anal o perianal para localizar colecciones, reconocer sinus perianales, conocer el estado de los esfínteres y planificar la cirugía

Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of endoanal ultrasound with hydrogen peroxide enhancement in the assessment of anal fistula (tract and internal opening), and to value the utility of this examination for anal or perianal suppuration when performed by a colorectal surgeon trained in this technique. Patients: endoanal ultrasound was performed in 103 patients with anal or perianal suppuration. Twenty patients were excluded: 9 had the external opening closed, and 11 had cryptoglandular abscesses. All ultrasound scans were performed by the same explorer using a B&K Diagnostic Ultrasound System with a 7 MHz endoprobe. The examination was based on the identification of the three anal planes, then hydrogen peroxide was infused and the procedure was repeated. Results: out of 83 patients included, 11 had a perianal sinus and 72 an anal fistula. In all fistulas the main tract was found: 24 were inter-sphinteric (33.33%), 33 trans-sphincteric (45.83%), 3 supra-sphincteric (4.17%), and 12 extra-sphincteric (16.67%). An internal opening was identified in 69 (95.83%). Conclusions: endoanal ultrasound with hydrogen peroxide enhancement is an effective examination to visualize fistulous tracts and internal openings. We think it is highly useful for anal or perianal suppuration to identify abscesses, to recognize a perianal sinus, to check the sphincteric condition, and to plan subsequent surgery