Tendencias del estado nutricional de la población española: resultados del sistema de monitorización nutricional de Cataluña (1992-2003) / Trends in the nutritional status of the Spanish population: results from the Catalan nutrition monitoring system (1992-2003)

Fundamento: El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los cambios producidosen los hábitos alimentarios y el estado nutricional de la población catalana,a lo largo de 10 años a partir de la información procedente de las dosEncuestas Nutricionales de Cataluña desarrolladas en 1992-93 y 2002-03.Método: 2641 indivíduos en 1992-93 y 2060 en 2002-03 de 10 a 75 añosque participaron en las encuestas. Se utilizaron dos recordatorios de 24 horas,un cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo y un cuestionario general sobreactividad física, conocimientos y actitudes sobre alimentación y uso de suplementosalimentarios. Se midió el peso (kg), la talla (cm) y el perímetro de lacintura (PC) (cm). Se realizó un análisis bioquímico en una submuestra de lapoblación. Se evaluaron colesterol total, colesterol HDL, colesterol LDL, triglicéridosy ß-caroteno, a-tocoferol y retinol.Resultados: Se observa un descenso en la ingesta de fruta, verdura y patata,carne y pescado, y un aumento en el consumo de derivados lácteos y comidarápida (especialmente entre los jóvenes). Se produce un ascenso en el valormedio de índice de masa corporal (IMC) en hombres y de PC en hombres y mujeres.El valor de IMC desciende entre las mujeres (excepto entre las más jóvenes).La prevalencia de obesidad aumenta en hombres (de 9,9% a 16,6%), pero no enmujeres. Desciende la colesterolemia media, a expensas del valor de HDL colesterol.Disminuye el porcentaje de población sedentaria en el tiempo libre.Conclusiones: Es necesaria una política de nutrición que sea efectiva enla promoción de una alimentación acorde con las recomendaciones nutricionalesy la dieta mediterránea(AU)

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes inthe nutricional habits and nutricional status of the Catalan population over 10years interval of the two Catalan Nutricional Surveys conducted in 1992-93and 2002-03.Methodo: 2641 individuals in 1992-93 and 2060 individuals in 2002-03aged 10 to 75 years participated in the surveys. Two 24 hour recall, a foodfrequency questionnaire, and a general questionnaire with information onphysical activity, knowledge and opinions on nutrition and supplements usewere administered. Weight (Kg), height (cm) and waist circumference (WC)(cm) were measured. A subsample of the population underwent a biochemicalevaluation. Total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, trygliceridesand ß-carotene, a-tocopherol and retinol were measured.Results: A decrease in the consumption of fruit, vegetables, potatoes,meat and fish and an increase in the consumption of dairy products and fastfood (in young individuals) were reported. An increase in the mean value ofBody Mass Index (BMI) was observed among males, and an increase in WCmean value was observed in males and females. BMI value decreased infemales (except among the younger ones). The prevalence of obesity increasedamong males (from 9.9% to 16.6%), but not in females. Both total cholesteroland HDL cholesterol decreased. A decrease was observed in the percentage ofpopulation with sedentary habits during leisure time.Conclusions: There is a need for an effective nutrition policy promotinghealthy nutrition in accordance with the ongoing dietary guidelines(AU)

[Trends in the nutritional status of the Spanish population: results from the Catalan nutrition monitoring system (1992-2003)]. / Tendencias del estado nutricional de la población española: resultados del sistema de monitorización nutricional de Cataluña (1992-2003).

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in the nutricional habits and nutricional status of the Catalan population over 10 years interval of the two Catalan Nutricional Surveys conducted in 1992-93 and 2002-03. METHODS: 2641 individuals in 1992-93 and 2060 individuals in 2002-03 aged 10 to 75 years participated in the surveys. Two 24 hour recall, a food frequency questionnaire, and a general questionnaire with information on physical activity, knowledge and opinions on nutrition and supplements use were administered. Weight (Kg), height (cm) and waist circumference (WC) (cm) were measured. A subsample of the population underwent a biochemical evaluation. Total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, tryglicerides and beta-carotene, alpha-tocopherol and retinol were measured. RESULTS: A decrease in the consumption of fruit, vegetables, potatoes, meat and fish and an increase in the consumption of dairy products and fast food (in young individuals) were reported. An increase in the mean value of Body Mass Index (BMI) was observed among males, and an increase in WC mean value was observed in males and females. BMI value decreased in females (except among the younger ones). The prevalence of obesity increased among males (from 9.9% to 16.6%), but not in females. Both total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol decreased. A decrease was observed in the percentage of population with sedentary habits during leisure time. CONCLUSIONS: There is a need for an effective nutrition policy promoting healthy nutrition in accordance with the ongoing dietary guidelines.