Relationship between Selected Cephalometric Parameters, Nasolabial Angle and Its Components in Adolescent Females.

Nasolabial angle is commonly used to assess the soft tissue profile of the subnasal region. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the relationship between the nasolabial angle, the inclination of the lower border of the nose and upper lip, upper incisor inclination and upper lip thickness. A sample of 142 female adolescents aged 13-18 years was chosen. A modified cephalometric analysis was performed with the nasolabial angle, and its components were traced according to Fitzgerald's method. All analysed parameters showed a statistically significant correlation with the nasolabial angle (NLA). The highest correlation was found for the labial (L/FH) and nasal (N/FH) components of the nasolabial angle, respectively. Upper incisor inclinations (1+:SN, U1FA) and upper lip thickness (ULT) had a stronger correlation with L/FH than NLA, but no correlation was found between these parameters and N/FH. Upper lip thickness did not influence the relationship between incisor inclination and NLA or L/FH. The position of the upper incisors and upper lip thickness influence the nasolabial angle indirectly through its labial component (L/FH). Therefore, it seems purposeful to assess the nasolabial angle as a sum of two independent angles, of which only one (L/FH) can be influenced by orthodontic treatment.

The Prevalence and Morphology of Supernumerary Teeth in Children With Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and Palate.

INTRODUCTION: Cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is congenital deformity associated with hyperdontia. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of supernumerary teeth in patients with CL/P. DESIGN: Retrospective descriptive and correlation clinical study. PATIENTS: One hundred thirteen children with cleft (age ranged 9.3-19.2; 67 males and 46 females) treated in Clinic of Congenital Facial Deformities Medical University of Lublin were included in the study. METHODS: Records evaluation was conducted regarding age, gender, cleft type (Q36, Q37-International Classification of Diseases 10th revision), cleft side, and incidence of supernumeraries. In all supernumerary teeth, size, shape, and developmental degree were analyzed and correlation between the incidence of hyperdontia with different variables was checked. Correlations were detected using chi-square and the Yates correction. RESULTS: The majority of the examined group were males-59.29% with Q37 (67.26%) and the cleft on the left side (62.83%). Hyperdontia was noted in 26.55%. Only upper lateral incisors were affected. They usually had atypical shape (56.67%), reduced size (83.33%), and delayed development (56.67%). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of supernumerary permanent teeth in patients with cleft was higher than in the general population. Anomaly was more frequent in male patients and occurred mainly on the cleft side. The severity of the cleft did not influenced the frequency of supernumerary teeth, their shape, size, and developmental degree. Supernumerary teeth were characterized by reduced crown size, abnormal structure, incorrect inclination, and delayed development phase.

Frequency of Additional Congenital Dental Anomalies in Children with Cleft Lip, Alveolar and Palate.

The aim of the study was to assess the risk of incidence of additional congenital dental anomalies in children with nonsyndromic cleft lip, alveolar and/without palate (CL/P). Hypodontia, hyperdontia and canines impaction was recognized. From patients with CL/P treated at the Clinic of Congenital Facial Deformities in Chair and Department of Jaw Orthopedics Medical University of Lublin, 56 subjects were randomly selected. On the panoramic radiographs taken at the age of 8-12 years, the angle of upper unerupted canines was measured using Westerlund's recommendations. The supernumerary teeth and hypodontia were checked. The procedures: maxillary expansion, secondary alveolar bone graft (SABG) and extraction of primary canines were noted. The frequency of canines impaction was 5.36%. Hypodontia was found in 37.5% of patients; hyperdontia was present in 23.21% of patients. No influence of procedures (expansion of the maxilla, SABG, deciduous canines extraction) on permanent maxillary canine eruption was proved. Patients with CL/P are exposed to the unfavorable position of unerupted maxillary canines most frequently in the cleft area of complete cleft. Maxillary lateral incisor on the cleft side is most frequently affected with congenital anomaly. Hypodontia and hyperdontia do not influence maxillary canine impaction. Good clinical result was achieved with an applied approach, which should be widely introduced.