Effects of low-volume, high-intensity interval training on maximal oxygen consumption, body fat percentage and health-related quality of life in women with overweight: A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Several investigations suggest that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) provokes larger changes in VO2max compared to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT); other studies associate HIIT with significant decreases in total, abdominal and visceral fat mass. However, some meta-analyses express that the enhancements with HIIT on VO2max are slightly higher concerning MICT. These studies had low-to-moderate methodological quality, and the exercise protocols were completed mostly on treadmills or cycle ergometers. Thus, the objective of this study was to compare the effect of a low-volume HIIT versus a MICT program on VO2max, body fat percentage (BFP), and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in overweight women. It followed a research protocol with high methodological rigor and good reporting quality. METHODS: After two physical adaptation weeks (run-in period), thirty-five volunteers were randomized to HIIT (n = 16) or MICT (n = 19). Both groups performed 24 sessions on a grass sports field (walking, jogging or running). The HIIT group completed 15 bouts of 30 s [90-95%, maximal heart rate (HRmax)], while the MICT group completed 30 min of continuous exercise (65-75% HRmax). RESULTS: The difference between HIIT and MICT post-intervention on VO2max was not statistically significant (0.8 ml/kg/min. CI 95%, -1.0 to 2.7, p = 0.37). Similarly, no statistically significant differences were found between groups for BFP and HRQoL. CONCLUSIONS: Low-volume HIIT program has no quantitative advantage compared with that resulting from MICT, in VO2max, BFP, and HRQoL. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03300895.

[Cardiovascular risk factors in an urban Colombia population]. / Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en una población urbana de Colombia.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluating the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in an urban population aged 25 to 50 in Santa Rosa de Osos, Antioquia, Colombia, during 2009. Determining the population attributable risk percentage (PARP) for coronary heart disease risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prevalence study was conducted; two-stage random sampling was made of 357 people without known cardiovascular disease. A pre-designed survey was administered to assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors; total cholesterol, low and high density lipoproteins, triglycerides and glucose were measured in blood and blood pressure, waist circumference and weight were also measured. RESULTS: The most important cardiovascular risk factors were physical inactivity (56.6 %), central obesity (52.7 %), dyslipidaemia (35.3 %), smoking (19 %), metabolic syndrome (19.6 %) and obesity according to body mass index (17.4 %). Risk factors having the highest PARP were hypertension (17.1 %), total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein index (16.4 %) and physical inactivity (15.7 %). CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was found; this may lead to increased cardiovascular disease in the medium- and long-term.

Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en una población urbana de Colombia / Cardiovascular risk factors in an urban Colombia population

Objetivo Evaluar la prevalencia de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular en una población urbana entre 25 y 50 años del municipio de Santa Rosa de Osos, Antioquia 2009. Determinar el Porcentaje de Riesgo Atribuible Poblacional para infarto agudo al miocardio de los factores de riesgo coronario. Materiales y Métodos Se realizó un estudio de prevalencia, con muestreo aleatorio bietápico en 357 personas sin enfermedad cardiovascular conocida, se administró una encuesta prediseñada para evaluar la prevalencia de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular; se midieron en sangre colesterol total, lipoproteínas de baja y alta densidad, triglicéridos y glucosa; se tomaron valores de presión arterial, perímetro abdominal, talla y peso. Resultados Los factores de riesgo cardiovascular más importantes fueron baja actividad física (56,6 por ciento), obesidad central (52,7 por ciento), dislipidemias (35,3 por ciento), tabaquismo (19,0 por ciento), síndrome metabólico (19,6 por ciento) y obesidad por Índice de Masa Corporal (17,4 por ciento). Los factores de riesgo con mayor riesgo atribuible poblacional fueron la hipertensión arterial (17,1 por ciento), Índice colesterol total/lipoproteína de alta densidad (16,4 por ciento) y baja actividad física (15,7 por ciento). Conclusión Se encontró una prevalencia alta de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular lo que puede llevar a un incremento de las enfermedades cardiovasculares a mediano y largo plazo.

Objective Evaluating the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in an urban population aged 25 to 50 in Santa Rosa de Osos, Antioquia, Colombia, during 2009. Determining the population attributable risk percentage (PARP) for coronary heart disease risk factors. Materials and Methods A prevalence study was conducted; two-stage random sampling was made of 357 people without known cardiovascular disease. A pre-designed survey was administered to assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors; total cholesterol, low and high density lipoproteins, triglycerides and glucose were measured in blood and blood pressure, waist circumference and weight were also measured.Results The most important cardiovascular risk factors were physical inactivity (56.6 percent), central obesity (52.7 percent), dyslipidaemia (35.3 percent), smoking (19 percent), metabolic syndrome (19.6 percent) and obesity according to body mass index (17.4 percent). Risk factors having the highest PARP were hypertension (17.1 percent), total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein index (16.4 percent) and physical inactivity (15.7 percent). Conclusion A high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was found; this may lead to increased cardiovascular disease in the medium- and long-term.

Aspectos asociados a la actividad física en el tiempo libre en la población adulta de un municipio antioqueño / Aspects associated with physical activity in the adult population's leisure time in a municipality in the Antioquia Department, Colombia

Objetivo Describir aspectos asociados a la práctica de actividad física durante el tiempo libre (AFTL) en la población adulta del Municipio de Guarne, Antioquia, 2007. Métodos Se abordó un diseño mixto, con un nivel descriptivo y correlacional, acompañado de un análisis cualitativo de compatibilidad y complementariedad. Se aplicó encuesta, entrevistas y observaciones para explorar los aspectos socio-culturales, político-institucionales y de espacio urbano, en el nivel individual y contextual. Resultados Un 52 por ciento de las personas reportaron practicar AFTL, con mayor frecuencia en el género masculino, en personas con nivel educativo superior y con una percepción buena del estado de salud. Las actitudes hacia la AFTL se orientaron tanto al resultado esperado como hacia el proceso mismo de la práctica. La barrera predominante fue la carencia de tiempo, relacionada con otras. Las preferencias se asociaron con el género. El uso y apropiación de los espacios públicos se hallaron diferenciados según el género. La orientación de las acciones locales para la promoción de la AFTL, no favorecen la articulación entre sectores y la participación de la población. El análisis cualitativo mostró relación entre aspectos del nivel contextual (representaciones sociales de género, actividad física y tipo de espacio urbano) y del nivel individual (prevalencia, preferencias y apropiación del espacio urbano) vinculados con la práctica de AFTL. Conclusiones Se identificaron aspectos asociados a la práctica de AFTL en el Municipio de Guarne, en el nivel individual y contextual, así como algunas relaciones entre ellos.

Objective Outlining aspects associated with the adult population of the municipality of Guarne, Antioquia, engaging in physical activity during their leisure time (PALT), 2007. Methods A combined descriptive and correlation-type design was adopted, accompanied by qualitative analysis of compatibility and complementary functions. A survey and some interviews were held and some observations were made for exploring cultural, social-demographic, political-institutional and urban space matters at individual and contextual level. Results 52 percent of the people (mostly male) having a higher educational level and better perception of fitness and good health conditions reported engaging in outcome-associated PALT. Attitudes towards PALT were orientated towards both the expected result and practising it. Lack of time was the prevailing impediment, linked to others. Preferences were associated with gender. The use and appropriation of public spaces was found to be differentiated according to gender. Orientating local action for promoting PALT did not favour coordination between sectors and population participation. The qualitative analysis revealed a relationship between contextual (social gender representations, physical activity and appropriating public spaces) and individual aspects (permanence, preferences and appropriating public space), both aspects being connected with practising PALT. Conclusions Individual and contextual aspects associated with practising PALT in the municipality of Guarne were identified as well as the relationships between them.

[Aspects associated with physical activity in the adult population's leisure time in a municipality in the Antioquia Department, Colombia]. / Aspectos asociados a la actividad física en el tiempo libre en la población adulta de un Municipio Antioqueño.

OBJECTIVE: Outlining aspects associated with the adult population of the municipality of Guarne, Antioquia, engaging in physical activity during their leisure time (PALT), 2007. METHODS: A combined descriptive and correlation-type design was adopted, accompanied by qualitative analysis of compatibility and complementary functions. A survey and some interviews were held and some observations were made for exploring cultural, social-demographic, political-institutional and urban space matters at individual and contextual level. RESULTS: 52% of the people (mostly male) having a higher educational level and better perception of fitness and good health conditions reported engaging in outcome-associated PALT. Attitudes towards PALT were orientated towards both the expected result and practising it. Lack of time was the prevailing impediment, linked to others. Preferences were associated with gender. The use and appropriation of public spaces was found to be differentiated according to gender. Orientating local action for promoting PALT did not favour coordination between sectors and population participation. The qualitative analysis revealed a relationship between contextual (social gender representations, physical activity and appropriating public spaces) and individual aspects (permanence, preferences and appropriating public space), both aspects being connected with practising PALT. CONCLUSIONS: Individual and contextual aspects associated with practising PALT in the municipality of Guarne were identified as well as the relationships between them.