RESUMO
Cholecystogastric fistula is a rare biliary-enteric fistula with a variable clinical presentation. Despite modern diagnostic tools, a high index of suspicion is needed to diagnose it preoperatively. Stone migration into stomach forming gallstone bezoar is very rare. Stones more than 2.5 cm are likely to cause obstruction. We report a case of gallstone bezoar of size 9 × 5 cm lying in the stomach with a small fistulous opening in the prepyloric region of the stomach. Patient was thoroughly investigated and successfully treated with retrieval of bezoar and cholecystectomy.
RESUMO
Edentulism is usually associated with the aging patient. However, total or partial tooth loss also affects young individuals, mainly as a result of trauma, decay, anodontia, or congenital and acquired jaw defects involving the alveolar processes. For elderly patients, the use of oral implants has become an accepted treatment modality for edentulism, and most of today's knowledge regarding implants is based on such practice. There has been hesitation to perform implant therapy for growing children; hence, few children to date have been provided with implant-supported construction. Consequently, little is known about the outcome of the osseointegration procedure in young patients, and until now, only a limited number of case presentations have been reported. This article reviews the current literature to discuss the use of dental implants in growing patients and the influence of maxillary and mandibular skeletal and dental growth on the stability of those implants. The literature review was performed through Science Direct, Wileys Blackwell Synergy, PubMed, Google, Embase, Medknow publications, and Springer for references published from 1963 to 2011. It is recommended to wait for the completion of dental and skeletal growth, except for severe cases of ectodermal dysplasia.