Proton NMR and HR-LC/MS based phytochemical analysis of methanolic fraction of Alectra parasitica A. Rich. rhizomes.

INTRODUCTION: Alectra parasitica (Scrophulariaceae/Orobanchaceae) is a rarely occurring parasitic plant grows on roots of Vitex negundo L. (Verbenaceae). As per Indian system of medicine, Ayurveda, it can be used in treatment of various diseases. So far, this plant has not been explored phyto-chemically in detail. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is mostly occurring type of lung cancer, which so far can be treated by chemotherapy approach including cisplatin. AIM: Present research work was aimed towards preparation of methanolic fraction of A. parasitica rhizomes; its phytochemical analysis by 1H-NMR and HR-LC/MS; evaluation of its anti-cancer property against NSCLC-A549 cell line. METHODS: For preparation of methanolic fraction (MF), A. parasitica rhizome powder was defatted; extracted with combination of water and alcohol (1:1); added with lead acetate and then sulphuric acid; fractionation of ethyl acetate fraction with methanol. After phytochemical analysis of MF by preliminary chemical testing, TLC, 1H-NMR and HR-LC/MS techniques, MF was screened for its anti - cancer property against NSCLC-A549 cell line by MTT assay. RESULTS: Detail phytochemical analysis reflected successful preparation of tannin-less MF of A. parasitica rhizomes. Different types of analytical techniques first time proved the proved the presence of various types of phytochemicals in this plant. On MTT assay, it was found that MF has anti-cancer property against NSCLC-A549 cell line with IC50 value, 306.51 µg/ml. CONCLUSION: MF contains different phytochemicals like iridoids, flavonoids, steroid glycosides and also strigalactones; which cumulatively exert anti-cancer effect on A549. Appearance of all these compounds is significant in chemotaxonomic surveillance of this rare plant and specially, strigalactones can be proved important in establishing their parasitism with host plant.

Ficus carica assisted green synthesis of metal nanoparticles: A mini review.

In last decade, several attempts were made for the green and economic synthesis of metallic nanoparticle having profound applications in all the arears of science. Ficus carica (Moraceae) is a deciduous plant with edible fruits. It has been widely explored for synthesis of various metallic nanoparticles like silver, gold, stannic oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, palladium nanoparticles using extracts of Ficus carica leafs or fruits. Phytochemical prospection so far made on Ficus carica leafs or fruits revealed the presence of variety of compounds including organic acids, fatty acids, amino acids, lower terpenes, flavonoids, coumarins etc. Researchers prepared metallic nanoparticles; characterised them by advanced analytical techniques and evaluated for particular application including, antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles; improved determination of mercury using stannic oxide nanoparticles coated glassy carbon electrode; carrying of chemical reaction using reduced graphene oxide decorated with palladium nanoparticles as catalyst. On this review, it can be concluded that due to presence of variety of phytocompounds, Ficus caricaplant can be used in preparation of metallic nanoparticles which could be useful in various scientific domains.

Phytochemical analysis of Canna indica L. roots and rhizomes extract.

Canna indica L. (Cannaceae) roots and rhizomes were reported to possess various biological properties like antimicrobial, anthelmintic potential and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibition. In our previous studies, they showed antidiabetic activity on normal rats and rats co-addicted with caffeine and nicotine. In the pursuit of the phytochemical/s responsible for these biological activities, present study was aimed at phytochemical evaluation of hydroalcoholic extract (HAE) of C. indica L. roots and rhizomes; including preliminary screening, thin layer chromatography, H1-NMR and HR-LC/MS-MS analysis. After preliminary detection of flavonoids, tannins and sterols, HAE was tested for presence of ß-sitosterol using TLC. H1-NMR spectrum of HAE revealed the presence of around 761 deshielded protons corresponding to different polar compounds. HR-LC/MS-MS analysis carried out at both positive and negative ion mode, indicated the presence of more than 90 compounds including short fragment of peptide. As per METLIN database, predicted major phytochemicals were 3'-hydroxytrimethoprim, 3,7-epoxycaryophyllan-6-one, swietenine, typhasterol, hexacosanedioic acid and 3ß, 6α,7α-trihydroxy-5ß-cholan-24-oic acid few of which, are biologically active.