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1.
Genes Genomics ; 43(7): 759-773, 2021 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33884571

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Currently, Tigers (the top predator of an ecosystem) are on the list of endangered species. Thus the need is to understand the tiger's population genomics to design their conservation strategies. OBJECTIVE: We analyzed the molecular evolution of tiger diversity using NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (ND4), a significant electron transport chain component. METHODS: We have analyzed nucleotide composition and distribution pattern of ND genes, molecular evolution, evolutionary conservation pattern and conserved blocks of NADH, phylogenomics of ND4, and estimating species divergence, etc., using different bioinformatics tools and software, and MATLAB programming and computing environment. RESULTS: The nucleotide composition and distribution pattern of ND genes in the tiger genome demonstrated an increase in the number of adenine (A) and a lower trend of A+T content in some place of the distribution analysis. However, the observed distributions were not significant (P > 0.05). Evolutionary conservation analysis showed three highly align blocks (186 to 198, 406 to 416, and 527 to 545). On mapping the molecular evolution of ND4 among model species (n = 30), we observed its presence in a broader range of species. ND4 based molecular evolution of tiger diversity and time divergence for a tiger (20 different other species) shows that genus Panthera originated more or less at a similar time. CONCLUSIONS: The nucleotide composition and nucleotide distribution pattern of tiger ND genes showed the evolutionary pattern and origin of tiger and Panthera lineage concerning the molecular clock, which will help to understand their adaptive evolution.


Assuntos
Código de Barras de DNA Taxonômico/veterinária , Evolução Molecular , NADH Desidrogenase/genética , Tigres/genética , Animais , Biologia Computacional , Marcadores Genéticos , Variação Genética , Filogenia , Tigres/classificação
2.
J Med Virol ; 92(6): 618-631, 2020 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32108359

RESUMO

Recently, a novel coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) emerged which is responsible for the recent outbreak in Wuhan, China. Genetically, it is closely related to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The situation is getting worse and worse, therefore, there is an urgent need for designing a suitable peptide vaccine component against the SARS-COV-2. Here, we characterized spike glycoprotein to obtain immunogenic epitopes. Next, we chose 13 Major Histocompatibility Complex-(MHC) I and 3 MHC-II epitopes, having antigenic properties. These epitopes are usually linked to specific linkers to build vaccine components and molecularly dock on toll-like receptor-5 to get binding affinity. Therefore, to provide a fast immunogenic profile of these epitopes, we performed immunoinformatics analysis so that the rapid development of the vaccine might bring this disastrous situation to the end earlier.


Assuntos
Betacoronavirus/imunologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/prevenção & controle , Epitopos de Linfócito B/química , Epitopos de Linfócito T/química , Pandemias/prevenção & controle , Pneumonia Viral/prevenção & controle , Glicoproteína da Espícula de Coronavírus/química , Receptor 5 Toll-Like/química , Vacinas Virais/química , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Betacoronavirus/genética , Betacoronavirus/patogenicidade , Sítios de Ligação , COVID-19 , Vacinas contra COVID-19 , Biologia Computacional/métodos , Infecções por Coronavirus/imunologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/virologia , Epitopos/química , Epitopos/genética , Epitopos/imunologia , Epitopos de Linfócito B/genética , Epitopos de Linfócito B/imunologia , Epitopos de Linfócito T/genética , Epitopos de Linfócito T/imunologia , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe I/química , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe I/genética , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe I/imunologia , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe II/química , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe II/genética , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe II/imunologia , Humanos , Coronavírus da Síndrome Respiratória do Oriente Médio/genética , Coronavírus da Síndrome Respiratória do Oriente Médio/imunologia , Coronavírus da Síndrome Respiratória do Oriente Médio/patogenicidade , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Pneumonia Viral/imunologia , Pneumonia Viral/virologia , Ligação Proteica , Domínios e Motivos de Interação entre Proteínas , Estrutura Terciária de Proteína , Coronavírus Relacionado à Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave/genética , Coronavírus Relacionado à Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave/imunologia , Coronavírus Relacionado à Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave/patogenicidade , SARS-CoV-2 , Glicoproteína da Espícula de Coronavírus/genética , Glicoproteína da Espícula de Coronavírus/imunologia , Receptor 5 Toll-Like/genética , Receptor 5 Toll-Like/imunologia , Vacinas de Subunidades Antigênicas , Vacinas Virais/imunologia
3.
Chem Commun (Camb) ; 52(48): 7592-5, 2016 Jun 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27222226

RESUMO

We report the synthesis of a new benzimidazole-based covalent organic polymer (TpDAB) via solvothermal Schiff base condensation between 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol (Tp) and 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB). TpDAB showed high energy storage capacity with a specific capacitance of 335 F g(-1) at 2 mV s(-1) scan rate and good cyclic stability with 93% retention of its initial specific capacitance after 1000 cycles.

4.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol ; 98(8): 3425-36, 2014 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24522727

RESUMO

During the last two decades, the DNA barcode development towards microbial community has increased dramatically. DNA barcode development is related to error-free and quick species identification which aid in understanding the microbial biodiversity, as well as the diseases related to microbial species. Here, we seek to evaluate the so-called barcoding initiatives for the microbial communities and the emerging trends in this field. In this paper, we describe the development of DNA marker-based DNA barcoding system, comparison between routine species identification and DNA barcode, and microbial biodiversity and DNA barcode for microbial communities. Two major topics, such as the molecular diversity of viruses and barcode for viruses have been discussed at the same time. We demonstrate the current status and the maker of DNA barcode for bacteria, algae, fungi, and protozoa. Furthermore, we argue about the promises, limitations, and present and future challenges of microbial barcode development.


Assuntos
Biota , Código de Barras de DNA Taxonômico/métodos , Eucariotos/classificação , Células Procarióticas/classificação
5.
Fish Physiol Biochem ; 34(3): 251-9, 2008 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18665463

RESUMO

Teleost fish lack the enzyme for endogenous synthesis of ascorbic acid (AA), an essential micronutrient for fish. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of higher levels of dietary vitamin C on growth, nutritional quality, and immunomodulation in the Indian major carp, rohu (Labeo rohita). Four groups of L. rohita were fed experimental diets containing either no vitamin C (control) or supplemented with vitamin C at 500 mg kg(-1) (Exp-1), 1000 mg kg(-1) (Exp-2), or 1500 mg kg(-1) (Exp-3) for 60 days. Growth parameters (NWG, ADG, and SGR), serological parameters (TSP, TSA, TSG, and A:G), haematological parameters (TLC, TEC, Hct, MCV, and MCH), and different non-specific immunological parameters (PR, PI, respiratory burst activity, and bactericidal activity) were evaluated during the experimental trial. Fish fed a vitamin C-supplemented diet showed higher specific growth rate (SGR) up to 1000 mg kg(-1) compared with control fish. Different haematological and serological parameters along with non-specific immune parameters were influenced by vitamin C supplementation. Among the non-specific immune parameters phagocytic activity (PR and PI) and respiratory burst activity (NBT cells) were significantly (P < or = 0.05) enhanced by increasing doses of vitamin C supplementation. Higher levels of dietary vitamin C significantly (P < or = 0.05) enhanced protection against Aeromonas hydrophila (AH1) infection compared with controls. Results from this study help to establish the beneficial effect of vitamin C on growth and immunmodulation in rohu (L. rohita).


Assuntos
Adjuvantes Imunológicos/farmacologia , Ácido Ascórbico/farmacologia , Cyprinidae/imunologia , Cyprinidae/fisiologia , Suplementos Nutricionais , Adjuvantes Imunológicos/administração & dosagem , Aeromonas hydrophila/imunologia , Alanina Transaminase/metabolismo , Ração Animal/análise , Animais , Ácido Ascórbico/administração & dosagem , Aspartato Aminotransferases/metabolismo , Cyprinidae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , DNA/análise , Dieta/veterinária , Doenças dos Peixes/imunologia , Doenças dos Peixes/microbiologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/imunologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/veterinária , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/enzimologia , Músculos/química , Fagocitose/efeitos dos fármacos , RNA/análise , Análise de Sobrevida
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