[Immunomodulator Cycloferon in the comprehensive treatment of patients with acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia]. / Immunomoduliator tsikloferon v kompleksnom lechenii bol'nykh ostrimy nelimfoblastichnymi leikozami.

The therapeutic benefit and action of the immunomodulator Cycloferon were evaluated in patients with acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia. When administered in conjunction with chemotherapy during first complete remission, it reduced both early-onset relapse frequency and degree of cytostatic-induced immune deficiency. The drug's action is mediated by changes taking place in cytokine and interferon synthesis.

[The results of a hematological examination of the population living in an area of intense radiological control in Bryansk Province]. / Rezul'taty gematologicheskogo obsledovaniia naseleniia, prozhivaiushchego v zone usilennogo radiatsionnogo kontrolia Brianskoi oblasti.

As many as 1492 residents of populated areas in Zlynka District of Bryansk Province were studied. There were 628 children and 864 adults in the series. Contamination with radionuclides in the territory of residence was of the order of 40/km2 and above; the level of cesium deposition in the body of the examinees ranged between 0.4 to 3.4. Deviations from the norm in the peripheral blood were detected in 15% of adults and 36% of children. These were manifest by hypochromic anemia, by eosinophil- and lymphoid-type leukemoid reactions, and by other disorders that resulted from nutritional imbalance, deficiency of iron of varying genesis, helminthic invasion, allergic states. Concurrent cellular and humoral immunity shifts coupled with the deviations from the norm in the indices for the thioldisulphide system attest to the need for designing of measures to secure long term observation over health state of the population residing in the contaminated territories.

[Immunologic monitoring and immune reconstitution in recipients of allogeneic bone marrow]. / [Immunomonitoring i immunorekonstitutsiia retsipientov allogennogo kostnogo mozga]

The dynamics of different peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD22+, DR+, CD25+ and CD16+) and levels of serum cytokines TNFa and IL1 beta were evaluated in 10 patients with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). It was established that initially low levels of practically all the lymphoid subsets studied came back to normal in patients with favorable post-BMT course, while, in unfavorable post-BMT course (GVHD or relapse), the levels of said lymphoid subsets remained unchanged or even dropped. Post-BMT increase in serum TN alpha level can be of prognostic value for GVHD development whereas serum IL1 beta level does not correlate with post-BMT course.

[A granulopoiesis inhibitor. Synthesis and biological activity]. / Ingibitor granulopoéza. Sintez i biologicheskaia aktivnost'.

Three schemes of synthesis for pentapeptide Glp-Glu-Asp-Cys-Lys-OH were compared was carried out. Acetamidomethyl protection was used for the mercapto group of cysteine. For the same purpose, cystine was used as the starting compound for synthesis. The optimal method was shown to be the solid phase method with S-acetamidomethyl cysteine protection that can be removed by mercuric acetate before the cleavage of a peptide from a polymer. The stabilized peptide inhibits proliferation of bone marrow cells of patients with chronic myeloleukemia 5- to 20-fold and has a less pronounced effect (up to 2-fold inhibition) on peripheral blood cells. Thus, its application for the therapy of hemoblastoses is promising.

[The characteristics of the lymphoid population in myelodysplastic states]. / Osobennosti limfoidnoi populiatsii pri mielodisplasticheskikh sostoianiiakh.

The paper is concerned with quantitation and characterization of changes in the immune system of patients suffering from various myelodysplastic conditions (DMC). CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD16, CD10, SIg positive cells were quantified in bone marrow and peripheral blood of 35 MDC patients. Of these 11 patients had refractive anemia with increased number of blasts (RAIB), 9 had refractive anemia (RA), 5 had RAIB with transformation into acute leukemia, 10 refractive cytopenia (RC). Functional activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes was studied in blast transformation test. EC-activity was also measured. All the MDC patients showed increased number of CD8 lymphocytes in bone marrow and peripheral blood, reduced fraction of CD4 cells in peripheral blood, inhibited proliferation in response to mitogen stimulation. RA patients' B-cells expressed lowered surface immunoglobulins in a lesser extent, in a stable killer activity of mononuclears their EC-cell number is decreased. In addition to the above changes RAIB patients exhibited T-cell deficiency in peripheral blood as well as inhibited killer activity. RAIB transformation progressed into acute leukemia along with growing T- and B-cell deficiency and unbalanced proportion of immunoregulatory subpopulations, lower number of relative number of EC-cells.