[Developmental conditions of medicine and spiritual culture at the time of grand Prince Stefan Nemanja].

Medieval medicine and pharmacy were the subjects of numerous researches. The enviable level of health culture and social care of the diseased and debilitated people of the Serbian medieval state was far advanced for the time. However, there are scarce written records of the conditions. The purpose of this paper is to point out the conditions which enabled the foundation of the first Serbian hospitals, development of scientific medicine and spiritual culture in medieval Serbian lands. Favourable conditions for the development of medieval medicine are linked with the arrival of the Nemanjic dynasty to the throne of the Serbian medieval state, i.e. Stefan Nemanja, and later with the life and work of his son Prince Rastko Nemanjic - Saint Sava. The wide field of activity of the Grand Prince Stefan Nemanja included the creation of stable and independent state ("the unifier of all Serbian lands") with a significant and shrewd political activity (vassal to Byzantine Emperor Manuel Comnenus, participation in great alliances against Byzantium), building of churches, defender of the Orthodox Christianity, foundation of the first Serbian hospital outside of borders of Serbian state in Hilandar monastery, social care about people and cultivating literary activity.

[The first pediatricians in Serbia].

Dr. Platon Papakostopulos (1864-1915), Dr. Milenko Materni (1875-1929), Dr. Milan Petrovic (1886-1963), Dr. Nadezda Stanojevic (1887-1979) and Dr. Dura Jovanovic (1892-1977) were founders of modern pediatrics in Serbia. They established and managed the first pediatric institutions: Hospital pediatric departments, Mother and Child Health Care Consultations and Child welfare clinics in Belgrade and Novi Sad. They also established Pediatric Section of the Serbian Medical Association and published numerous scientific and popular articles in pediatrics.

[Physician founders of pediatric pulmonology in Serbia]. / Lekari utemeljiva decje pulmologije u Srbiji.

Initial steps in the field of pediatric pulmology in Serbia were made by the first Serbian pediatricians Dr. Platon Papakostopulo (1864-1915) and Dr. Milenko Materni (1875-1929). Later on these steps were continued by Prim Dr. Ljubomir Vulovic (1896-1970). Until the discovery of anti-tuberculotics, lung tuberculosis was one of the most frequent and most serious diseases among the adults and the children's population. Prof. Dr. Smilja Kostic-Joksic (1895-1981) and Prof. Dr Borivoje Tasovac (1907-1996) played a prominent role in the application and efficiency evaluation of BCG vaccines amount the Children in Sebia, along with the other chest disease studies. Immediately after the Second World War, Special Children's Hospital for Tuberculosis was set up, in 1945 in Belgrade. The Hospital had been successfully managed for a long period of time by Prim. Bojana Roknic (1900-1976). From 1960 to 1970 the Hospital was transformed in Special Children's Hospital for Chese Disense and Tuberculosis and was the only hospital in Serbia dealing with diagonistics, therapy and rehabilitation of children's chest diseases, before all asthma, recidive bronchitis and other chronical and recidive bronchopulmonal diseases. From 1970 until now on the postgraduate course in Pulmonology on the Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, graduated over a hundred pediatricians.

[Petar Radovic's concept on the transplantation of the fertilized ovum in human reproduction]. / Ideja Petra Radovica o transplanticiji oplodjene jajne celije u humanoj reproduciji.

The authors wish to call attention to the fact that, according to available sources, including MEDLINE data base, Dr. Petar Radovic, senior consultant, was the first expert worldwide who had suggested the transplantation of a fertilized egg cell in human reproduction. He presented his paper "Possibility of transplantation of a fertilized egg in woman" at the Fifth Congress of Gynaecology and Obstetrics in Sydney in 1967. Dr. Radovic had not considered the respective problem in theoretical aspect only, but he also devised an adequate instrument for performing this procedure in practice. The concept of Dr. Radovic was not well comprehended in our milieu, and accordingly, it remained as an intriguing idea. The ethical and legal issues that might result from implementation of this procedure have not been reviewed in this article.

[Dr. Svetislav Sp. Barjaktarovic--30 years later]. / O Doktoru Svetislavu Sp. Barjaktarovicu--posle tridest godina.

Doctor Svetislav Sp. Barjaktarovitsh (1893-1971), full professor of University School of Medicine in Belgrade, Head of the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics since its foundation, Director of the University Teaching Hospital of Gynaecology and Obstetrics from 1937 to 1948, was dismissed from University for political reasons in December 1948. He was the author of classical gynaecological and obstetrics textbooks, popular books, as well as of fifty scientific papers published in domestic and foreign professional literature. While being the Director of the University Teaching Hospital of Gynaecology and Obstetrics he managed to raise money to start the building of a new hospital. He was engaged in experimental work and improved the diagnosis and therapy of genital tuberculosis, extrauterine pregnancy, adnexal inflammation, puerperal fever, etc. He was especially concerned with the determination of the child's sex before his/her birth. As a medical student he participated in the First World War working in the Company Hospital of the Morava Division. He was holder of the Albanian Commemorative Medal, The Cross of Mercy and other decorations.