Long-term deterioration after one-stage unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

PURPOSE: Treatment for unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis (OA) is controversial in young patients with concomitant anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency. The aim of the current study is to report long-term results after the combination of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and ACL reconstruction. METHODS: Retrospective study of one-stage medial UKA and ACL reconstruction was performed on eight patients at a mean age of 52 years (42-60). Clinical and radiological results were assessed and analyzed after a mean follow-up of 14.6 years. RESULTS: Patients were satisfied and mean personal satisfaction rate was 8.8 (4-10). At the last follow-up, mean WOMAC score was 26 (1-52) and mean global KSS was 154 (102-200). One revision surgery to total knee arthroplasty was performed 9 years after the combined procedure due to aseptic loosening. One more case of clinical deterioration was observed 13 years after index surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Combined UKA and ACL reconstruction can be a therapeutic option for young and active patients with concomitant knee instability and unicompartmental OA. The procedure is highly demanding and reliable only in hands of experienced surgeons. Overall, satisfactory outcome can be achieved at a minimum follow-up of 10 years. However, clinical deterioration can be observed in the long term.

A stromal protein factor maintains the solubility and insertion competence of an imported thylakoid membrane protein.

The light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein (LHCP) is an approximately 25,000-D thylakoid membrane protein. LHCP is synthesized in the cytosol as a precursor and must translocate across the chloroplast envelope before becoming integrally associated with the thylakoid bilayer. Previous studies demonstrated that imported LHCP traverses the chloroplast stroma as a soluble intermediate before thylakoid insertion. Here, examination of this intermediate revealed that it is a stable, discrete approximately 120,000-D species and thus either an LHCP oligomer or a complex with another component. In vitro-synthesized LHCP can be converted to a similar form by incubation with a stromal extract. The stromal component responsible for this conversion is proteinaceous as evidenced by its inactivation by heat, protease, and NEM. Furthermore, the conversion activity coelutes from a gel filtration column with a stromal protein factor(s) previously shown to be necessary for LHCP integration into isolated thylakoids. Conversion of LHCP to the 120-kD form prevents aggregation and maintains its competence for thylakoid insertion. However, conversion to this form is apparently not sufficient for membrane insertion because the isolated 120-kD LHCP still requires stroma to complete the integration process. This suggests a need for at least one more stroma-mediated reaction. Our results explain how a hydrophobic thylakoid protein remains soluble as it traverses the aqueous stroma. Moreover, they describe in part the function of the stromal requirement for insertion into the thylakoid membrane.

Comparisons of Isozyme Phenotypes in Five Meloidogyne spp. with Isoelectric Focusing.

Meloidogyne incognita race 1, M. javanica, M. arenaria race 1, M. hapla, and an undescribed Meloidogyne sp. were analyzed by comparing isozyme phenotypes of esterase, malate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucomutase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase. Isozyme phenotypes were obtained from single mature females by isoelectric focusing electrophoresis. Of these five isozymes, only esterase and phosphoglucomutase could be used to separate all five Meloidogyne spp.; however, the single esterase electromorphs were similar for M. incognita and M. hapla. Yet when both nematodes were run on the same gel, differences in their esterase phenotypes were detectable. Isozyme phenotypes from the other three isozymes revealed a great deal of similarity among M. incognita, M. javanica, M. arenaria, and the undescribed Meloidogyne sp.

Comparison of Populations of Pratylenchus brachyurus Based on Isozyme Phenotypes.

Enzymes from females of five Pratylenchus brachyurus populations and one P. scribneri population were analyzed by isoelectric focusing electrophoresis. Of the 18 enzyme systems investigated, only malate dehydrogenase (MDH), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), and phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) were detected from all five P. brachyurus populations and P. scribneri. Faint bands were detected for isocitrate dehydrogenase and phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from one P. brachyurus population. Three distinct phenotypic groups were found in the MDH and PGM systems for P. brachyurus populations, but only a single electromorph was detected for PGI. Multiple electromorphs for MDH, PGM, and PGI were detected for P. scribneri; there was no similarity among these patterns with those from P. brachyurus. No phenotypic differences in PGI were observed between females and mixed juveniles of one population of P. brachyurus.

Host Specificity of Four Populations of Pratylenchus brachyurus.

Four populations of the lesion nematode Pratylenchus brachyurus were tested in a greenhouse on seven selected plant species to determine host suitability and usefulness in identifying physiological races of the nematode. The differential plants were 'Florida 77' alfalfa, 'Harvester' snap bean, 'Rough Lemon' citrus, 'Pioneer 304C' corn, 'Florunner' peanut, 'Braxton' soybean, and 'Rutgers' tomato. Fresh shoot or root weights of plants inoculated with all populations were similar to each other and to the uninoculated control in both experiments. The numbers recovered from Harvester snap bean were different (P = 0.05) between populations in each test and from Braxton soybean in the second test. The differences between populations on snap bean were different in the two tests.

Effects of Nematicides and Herbicides Alone or Combined on Meloidogyne incognita Egg Hatch and Development.

The effects of nematicides carbofuran (C) and fenamiphos (F) and herbicides metribuzin (M) and trifluralin (T), alone and in combination, on hatching, penetration, development, and reproduction of Meloidogyne incognita race 3 were determined under laboratory conditions. To study hatching, entire egg masses were exposed to nematicides (6 mug/ml), herbicides (0.5 mug/ml), and their combinations over a period of 16 days; the hatched juveniles were extracted and counted every 48 hours. Second-stage juveniles that hatched from day 6 to day 8 were used as inoculum to determine the effects of the chemicals on penetration, development, and reproduction of M. incognita on tomato 4, 16, and 32 days after inoculation. F, F + T, and F + M inhibited hatching; whereas, C, T, M, C + T, and C + M did not affect hatching, penetration, development of females, or reproduction. Since so few juveniles hatched from the fenamiphos treatments, we were not able to use them for the postinfection development study. There was no apparent reduction in the effect of the nematicides by the herbicides.

Note preliminaire sur le traitement de la lèpre par les ethers ethyliques de l´huile de Chaulmoogra

Malgré le bruit fait autour de récentes tentatives thérapeutiques, le traite par l'huile de Chaulmoogra semble bien demeurer la base de la médication anti-hansénienne. C'est à coup sûr ce produit qui donne la plus forte proportion de résultats encourageants dans une aussi désespérante entreprise. Tous les léprologues paraissent d'accord sur ce point si tous n'osent prononcer le mot de spécificité affirmée par quelquesuns