[Evaluation of chemical compounds acute poisoning risk among Kraków inhabitants in 1966, 1983 and 2015].

The total number of out-patients and hospitalized poisoned patients above 14 years old in Krakow in 1966 was 520 and 2132 in 1983. The incidence of poisoning per 10 000 of Kraków population in 1966 was 25.0 and increased to 36.2 in 1983. The mortality in 1966 was 0.75%. It was low also in 1983 ­ 1.01%, whatever reached 7.8% if forensic data were included (the fatalities on the spot). There were 847 poisoned patient hospitalized in Clinic of Toxicology UJ CM in 2015 and mortality in this group was 1.06%. Forensic analysis shown decreasing number of deaths on the spot (154 in 1983 and 89 in 2015). The percentage of poisoned with ethanol was declining (78.9% in 1983 and 57.3% in 2015). The frequency of patients treated in intensive care unit were increased from 6% in 1966 to 21.7% in 2015. The percentage of addicted acute intoxicated patients was lower (8%) in 1983 and achieved 21.7% in 2015. Poisoning structure, particularly pharmaceuticals, significantly influenced medical procedures performed in intensive care unit, especially administration of antidotes (5% in 1966 and 48.9% in 2015). Social evolution and changes of culture habits increased percentage of addiction but the number of deaths caused by ethanol on the spot was smaller.

[The assessment of factors affecting acute ethanol poisonings clinical status in 1974-1975, 1984-1985 and 2011-2013]. / Ocena czynników wplywajacych na obraz kliniczny w ostrym zatruciu alkoholem etylowym w latach 1974-1975, 1984-1985 i 2011-2013.

UNLABELLED: The aim of the study was an evaluation of clinical factors affecting relationship between ethanol concentration and clinical status in case of acute ethanol poisoning in the 70s and the 80s of the 20th century and 2011-2013 y. Ethanol blood concentration was a criterion of ethanol dose, grade of coma was a decisive factor of toxic effect. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 112 patients treated at the Department of Clinical Toxicology Jagiellonian University Medical College in 1974-1975 y, 232 treated in 1984-1985 y and 663 treated in 2011-2013 y because of acute ethanol poisoning were analyzed. The degree of coma was evaluated according to Matthew's scale. Ethanol plasma concentration in each case was measured. RESULTS: The lowest ethanol blood concentrations in the youngest (<19 y) and the oldest (>60 y) groups were noted also the highest in group of adults (30-49 y). The three-gradual relationship between ethanol plasma level and degree of toxic coma was distinguished. However, the average of ethanol blood concentration were statistically significant in every degree of coma in 2011-2013 y. A statistically significant increase in number of patients in 0 coma grade with severe withdrawal symptoms, alcohol psychosis or epilepsy were noted, also decrease of patient in IV degree of coma. CONCLUSIONS: The increase ethanol tolerance in the group of acute ethanol poisoned patients shows their ethanol addiction.