KCTD5 and Ubiquitin Proteasome Signaling Are Required for Helicobacter pylori Adherence.

In order to establish infection, bacterial pathogens modulate host cellular processes by using virulence factors, which are delivered from the bacteria to the host cell leading to cellular reprogramming. In this context, several pathogens regulate the ubiquitin proteasome system in order to regulate the cellular effectors required for their successful colonization and persistance. In this study, we investigated how Helicobacter pylori affect the ubiquitination of the host proteins to achieve the adherence to the cells, using AGS gastric epithelial cells cultured with H. pylori strains, H. pylori 26695 and two isogenic mutants H. pylori cag::cat and vacA::apha3, to characterize the ability of H. pylori to reprogram the ubiquitin proteasome systems. The infection assays suggest that the ubiquitination of the total proteins does not change when cells were co-culture with H. pylori. We also found that the proteasome activity is necessary for H. pylori adhesion to AGS cells and the adherence increases when the level of KCTD5, an adaptor of Cullin-3, decrease. Moreover, we found that KCTD5 is ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome system and that CagA and VacA played no role on reducing KCTD5 levels. Furthermore, H. pylori impaired KCTD5 ubiquitination and did not increase global proteasome function. These results suggest that H. pylori affect the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) to facilitate the adhesion of this microorganism to establish stable colonization in the gastric epithelium and improve our understanding of how H. pylori hijack host systems to establish the adherence.

Extended Hildebrand solubility approach applied to some structurally related sulfonamides in ethanol + water mixtures / Método extendido de Hildebrand en la estimación de la solubilidad de algunas sulfonamidas estructuralmente relacionadas en mezclas etanol + agua / Método ampliado de Hildebrand na estimação da solubilidade da algumas sulfamidas estruturalmente relacionadas em misturas do etanol + agua

Extended Hildebrand Solubility Approach (EHSA) was applied to evaluate the solubility of sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, and sulfamethazine in some ethanol + water mixtures at 298.15 K. Reported experimental equilibrium solubilities and some fusion properties of these drugs were used for the calculations. In particular, a good predictive character of EHSA (with mean deviations lower than 3.0%) were found by using regular polynomials in order four correlating the interaction parameter W with the Hildebrand solubility parameter of solvent mixtures without drug. The predictive character of EHSA was the same as that obtained by direct correlation of drug solubilities with the same descriptor of polarity of the cosolvent mixtures.

Se aplicó el Método Extendido de Solubilidad de Hildebrand (MESH) al estudio de la solubilidad de sulfadiazina, sulfamerazina y sulfametazina en mezclas binarias etanol + agua a 298,15 K. Se utilizaron valores reportados de solubilidad en equilibrio y algunas propiedades fisicoquímicas de fusión de estos compuestos. Se obtuvo una adecuada capacidad predictiva del MESH (con desviaciones promedio menores del 3,0%) al utilizar modelos polinómicos regulares de cuarto orden relacionando el parámetro de interacción W con el parámetro de solubilidad de Hildebrand de las mezclas solventes. El carácter predictivo del MESH fue de magnitud semejante al que se obtuvo calculando esta propiedad directamente, donde se utilizó una regresión empírica regular de cuarto orden de la solubilidad experimental logarítmica de los fármacos en función del parámetro de solubilidad de las mezclas disolventes.

Na presente investigação, aplicou-se o Método Estendido de Solubilidade do Hildebrand (MESH) ao estudo da solubilidade da sulfadiazina, sulfamerazina e sulfametazina em misturas binárias etanol + agua a 298,15 K. Obteve-se uma adequada capacidade preditiva (com menor desvio padrão de 3,0%) do MESH ao utilizar modelos polinomiais regulares de quarta ordem relacionando o parâmetro de interação W com o parâmetro de solubilidade do Hildebrand das misturas de solventes. O caráter preditivo do MESH foi semelhante ao obtido pelo cálculo utilizando uma regressão empírica regular da quarta ordem, da solubilidade experimental logarítmica dos fármacos em função do parâmetro de solubilidade das misturas dissolventes.

Genetic data from Powerplex 16 system and Identifiler kits from Buenos Aires province (Argentina).

Allele frequencies for the 17 autosomic STRs loci including in the PowerPlex 16 System and Identifiler were estimated from unrelated individuals living in Buenos Aires province of Argentina.