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1.
Medwave ; 20(9): e8039, 2020 Oct 05.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33031358

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: SARS CoV-2 pandemic is pressing hard on the responsiveness of health systems worldwide, notably concerning the massive surge in demand for intensive care hospital beds. AIM: This study proposes a methodology to estimate the saturation moment of hospital intensive care beds (critical care beds) and determine the number of units required to compensate for this saturation. METHODS: A total of 22,016 patients with diagnostic confirmation for COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 were analyzed between March 4 and May 5, 2020, nationwide. Based on information from the Chilean Ministry of Health and ministerial announcements in the media, the overall availability of critical care beds was estimated at 1,900 to 2,000. The Gompertz function was used to estimate the expected number of COVID-19 patients and to assess their exposure to the available supply of intensive care beds in various possible scenarios, taking into account the supply of total critical care beds, the average occupational index, and the demand for COVID-19 patients who would require an intensive care bed. RESULTS: A 100% occupancy of critical care beds could be reached between May 11 and May 27. This condition could be extended for around 48 days, depending on how the expected over-demand is managed. CONCLUSION: A simple, easily interpretable, and applicable to all levels (nationwide, regionwide, municipalities, and hospitals) model is offered as a contribution to managing the expected demand for the coming weeks and helping reduce the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.


INTRODUCCIÓN: La pandemia por SARS CoV-2 está presionando fuertemente la capacidad de respuesta de los sistemas de salud en todo el mundo, siendo uno de los aspectos más importantes el aumento masivo de pacientes que requerirán utilizar camas hospitalarias de cuidados intensivos. OBJETIVO: Este estudio propone una metodología para estimar el momento de saturación de las camas de cuidados intensivos hospitalarios (camas críticas) y determinar el número de unidades requeridas para compensar dicha saturación. MÉTODO: Se analizaron 22 016 pacientes con confirmación diagnóstica para COVID-19 provocada por SARS-CoV-2, entre el 4 de marzo y el 5 de mayo de 2020 a nivel nacional. Sobre la base de información del Ministerio de Salud de Chile y a anuncios ministeriales en medios de prensa, se estimó una disponibilidad total actual de 1900 a 2200 camas críticas totales. Se utilizó la función de Gompertz para estimar el número esperado de pacientes COVID-19 y evaluar su exposición a la oferta disponible de camas de cuidados intensivos en varios escenarios posibles. Para ello se tomó en cuenta la oferta de camas críticas totales, el índice ocupacional promedio, y la demanda de pacientes COVID-19 que requerirán cama de cuidados intensivos. RESULTADOS: Considerando diferentes escenarios, entre el 11 y el 27 de mayo podría ser alcanzado el 100% de ocupación de camas críticas totales. Esta condición podría extenderse por unos 48 días dependiendo como se maneje la sobredemanda esperada. CONCLUSIÓN: Se puede establecer una ventana de operaciones relativamente estrecha, de 4 a 8 semanas, para mitigar la inminente saturación de camas críticas hospitalarias, producto de la demanda de pacientes COVID-19.


Assuntos
Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Número de Leitos em Hospital/estatística & dados numéricos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/provisão & distribuição , Modelos Estatísticos , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , COVID-19 , Chile/epidemiologia , Humanos , Pandemias
2.
Medwave ; 20(9): e8039, 30-10-2020.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1141137

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: La pandemia por SARS CoV-2 está presionando fuertemente la capacidad de respuesta de los sistemas de salud en todo el mundo, siendo uno de los aspectos más importantes el aumento masivo de pacientes que requerirán utilizar camas hospitalarias de cuidados intensivos. OBJETIVO: Este estudio propone una metodología para estimar el momento de saturación de las camas de cuidados intensivos hospitalarios (camas críticas) y determinar el número de unidades requeridas para compensar dicha saturación. MÉTODO: Se analizaron 22 016 pacientes con confirmación diagnóstica para COVID-19 provocada por SARS-CoV-2, entre el 4 de marzo y el 5 de mayo de 2020 a nivel nacional. Sobre la base de información del Ministerio de Salud de Chile y a anuncios ministeriales en medios de prensa, se estimó una disponibilidad total actual de 1900 a 2200 camas críticas totales. Se utilizó la función de Gompertz para estimar el número esperado de pacientes COVID-19 y evaluar su exposición a la oferta disponible de camas de cuidados intensivos en varios escenarios posibles. Para ello se tomó en cuenta la oferta de camas críticas totales, el índice ocupacional promedio, y la demanda de pacientes COVID-19 que requerirán cama de cuidados intensivos. RESULTADOS: Considerando diferentes escenarios, entre el 11 y el 27 de mayo podría ser alcanzado el 100% de ocupación de camas críticas totales. Esta condición podría extenderse por unos 48 días dependiendo como se maneje la sobredemanda esperada. CONCLUSIÓN: Se puede establecer una ventana de operaciones relativamente estrecha, de 4 a 8 semanas, para mitigar la inminente saturación de camas críticas hospitalarias, producto de la demanda de pacientes COVID-19.


INTRODUCTION: SARS CoV-2 pandemic is pressing hard on the responsiveness of health systems worldwide, notably concerning the massive surge in demand for intensive care hospital beds. AIM: This study proposes a methodology to estimate the saturation moment of hospital intensive care beds (critical care beds) and determine the number of units required to compensate for this saturation. METHODS: A total of 22,016 patients with diagnostic confirmation for COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 were analyzed between March 4 and May 5, 2020, nationwide. Based on information from the Chilean Ministry of Health and ministerial announcements in the media, the overall availability of critical care beds was estimated at 1,900 to 2,000. The Gompertz function was used to estimate the expected number of COVID-19 patients and to assess their exposure to the available supply of intensive care beds in various possible scenarios, taking into account the supply of total critical care beds, the average occupational index, and the demand for COVID-19 patients who would require an intensive care bed. RESULTS: A 100% occupancy of critical care beds could be reached between May 11 and May 27. This condition could be extended for around 48 days, depending on how the expected over-demand is managed. CONCLUSION: A simple, easily interpretable, and applicable to all levels (nationwide, regionwide, municipalities, and hospitals) model is offered as a contribution to managing the expected demand for the coming weeks and helping reduce the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.


Assuntos
Humanos , Modelos Estatísticos , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Número de Leitos em Hospital/estatística & dados numéricos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/provisão & distribuição , Chile/epidemiologia , Pandemias
3.
Exp Parasitol ; 121(1): 83-91, 2009 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18950627

RESUMO

The causes of the particular distribution of both Trypanosoma cruzi lineages throughout the American continent remain unknown. In Colombia, T. cruzi I is the predominant group in both domestic and sylvatic cycles. Here, we present the biological characterization of T. cruzi parasites belonging to both T. cruzi I and T. cruzi IIb groups. Our results show the inability of the T. cruzi IIb clones to infect mammalian cells, produce trypomastigotes and replicate in Rhodnius prolixus, the main vector species in this country. Moreover, this result was confirmed when other species from the same genus, such as R. pallescens and R. robustus, were infected with the same TcIIb clone and its parental strain, while the infection in other genera such as Triatoma and Panstrongylus was successful. Furthermore, the growth kinetics and duplication time in vitro suggest that the high prevalence of T. cruzi I in Colombia results from more successful interactions between parasite lineage, vector, and host species. This type of study may help to understand the factors influencing the particular epidemiological patterns of Chagas disease transmission in different endemic regions.


Assuntos
Insetos Vetores/parasitologia , Panstrongylus/parasitologia , Rhodnius/parasitologia , Triatoma/parasitologia , Trypanosoma cruzi/classificação , Animais , Doença de Chagas/epidemiologia , Doença de Chagas/parasitologia , Doença de Chagas/transmissão , Chlorocebus aethiops , Colômbia/epidemiologia , Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita , Nitroimidazóis/farmacologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Tripanossomicidas/farmacologia , Trypanosoma cruzi/efeitos dos fármacos , Trypanosoma cruzi/fisiologia , Células Vero
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