Desenvolvimento motor de lactentes pre-termo participantes de um programa de intervenção fisioterapeutica precoce / Motor development of preterm infants submitted to an early physiotherapist intervention program

O objetico do presente estudo foi avaliar a evolucao do desenvolvimento motor de lactentes pre-termo participantes de um programa de intervencao precoce com e sem treinamentos dos pais. participaram do estudo 8 lactentes pre-termo (idade gestacional media de 32 semanas e idade cronologica media de 3 meses e 6 dias) e suas familia. Os participantes foram divididos em dois grupos: 4 lactentes participaram do grupo intervencao com orientacao e treinamento dos pais (grupo experimental -GE) e 4 lactentes participaram do grupo intervencao sem orientacao e treinamento dos pais ( grupo controle - GC). os bebes foram avaliados pela Alberta Infant Motor Scale durante quatro meses, considerando os comportamentos motores nas seguintes sbescalas? prona, supina, sentada e em pe. Os resultados demonstraram que os bebes do GE obtiveram melhor evolucao dos comportamentos avaliados em relacao ao GC. pode-se afirmar que a participacao dos pais, associada ao programa de intervencao fisioterapeutica aplicado, beneficiou significativamente o desenvolvimento motor dos bebes estudados

[Leishmaniasis in the Porto Ferreira district]. / A leishmaniose no Município de Porto Ferreira.

Since 1981, the incidence of leishmaniasis is increasing in the district of Porto Ferreira, due to favorable environmental conditions for phlebotomini breeding. The data were collected from the Epidemiological Investigation Card and also through interviews with local inhabitants cases. Until the first semester of 1993, forty cases had been recorded and they basically occurred in an area we called critical. The epidemiological features of the disease in the country are different from those listed in literature by the observation that women working at home were more affected, which characterizes an autoctone, domiciliar and urban transmission. The sequence of assistance of patients has also been evaluated, identifying some questions concerning the time elapsed from the first symptoms to the specific treatment. Actions of epidemic-sanitary control were proposed in order to conter the incidence the disease in the district.

[The use of papain in plantar ulcers]. / Uso da papaína na úlcera plantar.

This work has as a goal to contribute to decrease the inability in leprosy and continuous recurrence of plantar ulcers, through the use of a treatment method using papaine and actions of health education. This work has been done in a health centre with patients that presented plantar ulcers and agreed to participate in the proposed treatment. Analysing and comparing the obtained data before and after treatment, a greater adhesion of patients to this treatment, a quicker healing in relation to other methods used before and a greater interaction with the patient has been observed.

Protective efficacy of BCG against leprosy in São Paulo.

The case-control study reported here evaluated the protective effect of BCG vaccine against leprosy in São Paulo, Brazil. Seventy-eight patients under age 16 who had been diagnosed as having leprosy (cases) and 385 healthy individuals (controls) were selected and matched by sex, age, place of residence, and type of exposure to leprosy (intradomiciliary or extradomiciliary). The cases were drawn from an active patient registry and from a group of new leprosy cases treated at 50 health centers in the cities of Bauru and Ribeirão Preto in the state of São Paulo. In order to estimate the protective effect of BCG, the prevalences of BCG scars in cases and controls were compared. The presence of one or more scars was associated with an estimated protective efficacy of 90% (95% confidence interval: 78% to 96%). Stratified analysis by age group, sex, socioeconomic level, and clinical form of the disease revealed no significant differences in the protection provided by the vaccine. However, it seems clear that more data will be needed in order to accurately assess the true relevance of BCG for leprosy control programs.

[The protective efficacy of BCG against leprosy in São Paulo, Brazil]. / Eficacia protectora del BCG contra la lepra en São Paulo, Brasil.

The protection against leprosy conferred by BCG vaccination was evaluated in a case-control study. Selected for the study were 97 patients under 16 years of age who had been diagnosed with leprosy (cases) and 385 healthy persons (controls), who were matched according to sex, age, place of residence, and type of contact (intra- or extradomicilliary). The cases were selected from a register of active cases as well as a series of new leprosy patients treated in 50 centers in the city of São Paulo, Brasil. To estimate the protective effect of BCG, the prevalences of BCG scars among cases and controls were compared. The presence of one or more scars was associated with a protective efficacy of 90% (95% confidence interval: 78%-96%). Stratified analysis by age group, sex, socioeconomic level, and clinical form of leprosy did not reveal any important differences in the protection conferred by the vaccine. The significance of these findings and the appropriateness of using BCG in leprosy control programs is discussed.

[Study of the AIDS epidemic in the city of St. Carlos]. / AIDS: estudo da epidemia na cidade de São Carlos.

This study emerged in the face of the need to consolidate the information from the clinical HIV+ and AIDS cases recorded at the Ambulatório Regional de Especialidades de São Carlos (Special Clinic). Its aim is to identify the population according to sex, age group, marital status, level of education, occupation and the variables related to the epidemic means of exposure, laboratory tests and disease status-as well as to provide the health service with information. The data from 204 patients, 147 males and 57 females were analysed; most people were between 20 and 30 year of age and single. For females, the predominant mean of exposure was heterosexual sex, and for males blood transmission (intravenous drug use) predominated. With this analysis it will be possible to follow the development of the epidemic in the region and to propose preventive measures, which are considered to be only option for control of the disease at present.

[Assessment of nursing activities in the program of control of Hansen's disease in the state of Sao Paulo]. / Levantamento sobre as ações de enfermagem no programa de controle da Hanseníase no estado de São Paulo.

The present study assesses nursing actions in the Leprosy Control Program in the state of São Paulo. Nursing care, education, epidemiological control and administrative actions are primitive. Revision of practices being developed in the new model of health care are necessary.

[The epidemiological situation of Hansen's disease and its contacts in Campinas]. / Situação epidemiológica da hanseníase e dos seus comunicantes em Campinas.

Leprosy is a highly prevalent, endemic disease in this country. Due to its long evolution, it gives rise to an extremely important social issue. This paper analyses the epidemiologic status of Leprosy in the municipality of Campinas. The epidemiologic framework indicates that control of leprosy communicants in Campinas remains inefficient, showing the need for further studies upon these social actors, important links in the epidemiologic sequence of this disease.

[An evaluation of the food supplementation program of the city of São Paulo]. / Avaliação do programa de suplementação alimentar no município de São Carlos.

The authors carries out as study in São Carlos SP (Brazil) in order to evaluate the food supplementary program; which has been running in the Municipal Health Centre, since 1985. This program is regarded as one of the under nutrition control measures. It was reviewed the notes of all children, under five years followed in the Municipal Health Centres. Using some specific criteria, 163 children were included in this study. They were divided in subgroups according to the type of nutritional Supplementation. It was observed that nutritional supplementation had not been able to modify the nutritional figure, as an isolated undernutrition control measures.

[Intestinal helminthiasis. III. A program of education and health in helminthiasis]. / Helmintoses intestinais. III--Programa de educação e saúde em verminose.

From August 1985 to June 1986 an Education Program for school-children and their parents or guardians was undertaken in Santa Eudóxia (S. Paulo, Brazil) with a view to the practice of knowledge concerning intervention with regard to parasitic helminths, with the aim of stimulating collective action. A manual of technical orientation for the coordinators had had been prepared. Three groups composed of school-children's parents or guardians was formed and these discussed four basic themes during the Course of Education and Health in Helminthiasis: 1. What the disease is like; 2. The worms which occur in man; 3. The significance of the disease; 4. Prophylactic measures. Each group prepared a manual about the content of the course. The results of the children's work were presented at the Health Education Fair, an event open to the whole community. The way this Program developed made it clear that the population had become aware of the magnitude of the problem. Furthermore, they feel the need of effective measures regarding the control of helminth infestation.

[Characterization of the teaching in Hansen's disease in the undergraduate nursing education in the State of São Paulo]. / Caracterização do ensino sobre hanseníase nos cursos de graduação em enfermagem no Estado de São Paulo.

The study describes the situation of the hanseniasis teaching in the undergraduated nursing courses. In the analysis based on data taken from five schools of the state of São Paulo, Brazil, a heterogeneity of procedures became evident in the disease teaching, related to the schedule used, to the local of practical training activities, as well as to specific subjects on hanseniasis.

[Control of the contacts: its interference on the epidemiological status of Hansen's disease]. / Controle dos comunicantes: sua interferéncia na situação epidemiológica da hanseníase.

The control situation of hanseniasis patients' contacts needs a deeper study which would show the reality in the public health centers and their consequence over the whole country. The increasing of the prevalence rate of the disease added to the bad social-economic conditions of the patients and contacts gave us subsidies to important studies to understand the present epidemiological picture. This research had the purpose of diagnosing the control situation of hanseniasis patients' contacts in a public health center which had, at the moment of this research (1983) 160 hanseniasis patients (incidence of 1.2/1000) and 757 contacts registered in a Subprogram of Hansen's Disease Control.

[Disability prevention in Hansen's disease: reality at a health service]. / Prevenção de incapacidades em hanseniase: realidade numa unidade sanitária.

In Hansen's disease, the third part of advanced incidences or non treated cases exhibit some patterns of physical incapacity, besides the prejudice and beliefs generated by deformities-which the patients may present if they do not get a correct treatment. Which basis on this problematical question of the disease a group of professionals composed of medical doctors, nurses, physical therapist, occupational therapist and social worker made a study of the incapacities of the Hansen's disease patients through a detailed physical exam. This study intended to identify sensory and motor injuries of the face, upper and lower limbs. This study also develops a research about the necessity to systematize the assistance given in a public health center.