Assuntos
Cateteres de Demora/estatística & dados numéricos , Fibrose Cística/complicações , Distúrbios Nutricionais/epidemiologia , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Atividades Cotidianas , Adolescente , Adulto , Índice de Massa Corporal , Criança , Fibrose Cística/diagnóstico por imagem , Fibrose Cística/fisiopatologia , Volume Expiratório Forçado , Humanos , Avaliação Nutricional , Distúrbios Nutricionais/diagnóstico , Distúrbios Nutricionais/etiologia , Exame Físico , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Prognóstico , Radiografia , Análise de Regressão , Infecções Respiratórias/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Respiratórias/etiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Capacidade VitalRESUMO
"Among the effects produced in the Sierra of Ecuador by the programme of land reforms launched in 1964 was a reduction in the incomes from small-scale farming. At the same time, the growth of productive employment in urban areas was insufficient to provide round-the-year work to the fast growing army of jobseekers. Analysis of the agrarian structure and migration patterns before and after 1964 suggests that it was primarily this combination of circumstances that produced a pronounced shift towards short-term rather than permanent migration, thereby providing industry and services with the labour they needed while avoiding the disadvantages of severe urban overpopulation."
Assuntos
Agricultura , Emigração e Imigração , Emprego , Dinâmica Populacional , América , Demografia , Países em Desenvolvimento , Economia , Equador , Mão de Obra em Saúde , América Latina , População , Planejamento Social , América do SulRESUMO
PIP: The author examines the causes and effects of the recent increase in Ecuador's economic growth. The impact of increased industrialization on employment opportunities, wage levels, and rural-urban migration is analyzed, and the effects of structural changes introduced by recent land reforms are considered. Possible effects on rural emigration and on the urban economic growth rate of encouraging the development of small-scale agriculture are also discussed (SUMMARY IN ENG)^ieng
Assuntos
Agricultura , Países em Desenvolvimento , Economia , Emprego , Renda , Dinâmica Populacional , Pobreza , População Urbana , América , Demografia , Equador , Emigração e Imigração , América Latina , População , Características da População , Classe Social , Planejamento Social , Fatores Socioeconômicos , América do SulAssuntos
Agricultura , Países em Desenvolvimento , Economia , Emprego , Renda , Dinâmica Populacional , Pobreza , População Urbana , América , Demografia , Equador , Emigração e Imigração , América Latina , População , Características da População , Classe Social , Planejamento Social , Fatores Socioeconômicos , América do SulRESUMO
PIP: Conflicting studies bring into question the hypothesis that increased employment opportunities for women in the modern sector would reduce the population growth rate. To help clarify the situation, data from about 4000 families in central Chile, obtained from interviews in 1965, are used to test 3 hypotheses: 1) that in the traditional sector of the economy, young children do not adversely affect the mother's labor force participation; 2) that in the modern sector, child care reduces labor force participation unless there are relatives or older children to look after the young children; and 3) that young children also have a positive influence on female employment in that they increase the need for added income. This would be particularly true in the traditional sector where average household income is lower. All hypotheses were proved true by the data. Furthermore, the positive effect on the mother's employment of a larger family size proved to be true in the modern sector as well as the traditional sector. The study indicates that if a country's objective is to lower the population growth rate, a population planning program relying on higher rates of fe male employment will have to be accompanied by other socioeconomic policies intended to achieve a higher level of economic development.^ieng
