Efficacy and security of triple aerosol inhalation of pulmicort respules,ventolin and ipratropine in treatment of severe acute asthma exacerbations / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of intravenous inhalation of pumicillin,ventolin and ipratropine in the treatment of severe acute asthma exacerbations in adults.Methods 78 adult patients with severe asthma were randomly divided into research group and control group by the method of random number table.The patients in the control group received routine treatment,it was intravenous infusion of methylprednisolone.On the basis of the above, the research group received intravenous inhalation of pumicil.The clinical efficacy,methylprednisolone use and use of time,asthma symptoms score,the disappearance of asthma symptoms and the incidence of adverse reactions of the two groups were observed and compared.Results The effective rate of the research group was 97.44% (38/39),which was higher than 82.05% (32/39) of the control group (x2=5.014,P0.05).Conclusion On the basis of intravenous medication,combined with pumicillin,ventolin and ipratropine triple inhalation in the treatment of severe asthma patients,can reduce the intravenous use of methylprednisolone,it was effective in patients with asthma symptoms,the clinical efficacy is significant,the clinical value is higher,it is worthy of promotion and application.

Mechanisms of cadmium accumulation (adsorption and absorption) by the freshwater bivalve Corbicula fluminea under hydrodynamic conditions.

Many heavy metals in sediments and water have potential adverse effects on aquatic organisms such as Corbicula fluminea (O.F. Müller, 1774), a bivalve species frequently used as a biomonitor for metal pollution. Studies over the past decades examining the heavy metal uptake by C. fluminea, very few has investigated the effect of hydrodynamic conditions on accumulation of heavy metal by C. fluminea. Therefore, in this study, to investigate the mechanism of intracellular and extracellular accumulation of metal, individuals of C. fluminea were exposed to cadmium (Cd)-treated water under three different hydrodynamic conditions. These included exposures in two set ups: three rates of rotation (500, 350, 200 r/min) in beakers for 10 days, and then exposure to Cd-treated sediment under two naturally turbulent water conditions (14 cm/s and 3.2 cm/s) in experimental flumes for 23 days. Hydrodynamic force increased the burrowing rate but decreased the activity of C. fluminea. After 10 days of exposure, the extracellular concentrations of Cd in the tissues of C. fluminea in the sand group were significantly higher than that in the gravel groups. The intracellular and extracellular concentrations of Cd in the tissues of C. fluminea dramatically increased in the Cd-treated sediment test. Moreover, the concentration of the extracellular Cd adsorbed on the tissues of C. fluminea in the 14 cm/s and 3.2 cm/s groups was significantly higher than that in the control group, whereas the effect of hydrodynamic force on absorption of Cd by C. fluminea was not obvious. These results suggest that hydrodynamic condition plays an important role in extracellular accumulation of Cd by C. fluminea. In future study, when using C. fluminea to assess Cd pollution in aquatic environment, extracellular Cd adsorbed on the tissue should be removed to avoid the influence of hydrodynamics.

Analysis of Elderly Drug Use Item in Chinese Patent Medicine Package Inserts in Our Hospital / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational drug use in elderly patients. METHODS:Retrieved from“Chinese Patent Medicine Prescription”of our hospital,the information of elderly drug use in 298 Chinese patent medicine package inserts were analyzed statistically. RESULTS:The item of“elderly drug use”had not been listed as a title and described in 298 package in-serts. Among 292 package inserts of non-special Chinese patent medicine for child and woman,there were 5 package inserts with“attention”and“contraindication”which described elderly drug use (1.71%),in which 2 package inserts pointed out the elderly should use Chinese patent medicine cautiously and 3 package inserts prompted the elderly should use Chinese patent medicine guid-ed by physicians. 287 package inserts of Chinese patent medicine didn’t stated any information of elderly drug use(98.29%). CON-CLUSIONS:The information of elderly drug use is defective seriously in package inserts of Chinese patent medicine. It can’t be used as guide for eldely drag se.

Analysis of the Usage Condition of Traditional Chinses Medicine Decoction Pieces in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital During 2010-2012 / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To provide the basis for making reasonable purchase plan, reserving TCM decoction pieces and guaranteeing clinical medication by analyzing the usage condition of the TCM decoction pieces from 2010 to 2012 in Jishuitan hospital. Methods Through analysis of the defined daily dose system (DDDs), defined daily dose and defined daily cost, the sales quantity, sales amount of the TCM decoction pieces and the top 10 ones in annual consumption amount from 2010 to 2012 were counted. Results The annual sales quantity and sales amount of the TCM decoction pieces had been growing from 2010 to 2012. During the three years, 7 of the top 10 decoction pieces were the same ones, and the DDDs had been growing and daily dose cost was stable. Conclusion Basically the usage of the TCM decoction pieces is reasonable. The annual analysis is important for the storage management of TCM decoction pieces.

Assessment of environmental pollution of Taihu Lake by combining active biomonitoring and integrated biomarker response.

Goldfish (Carassius auratus) bred in clean water were transferred into different stations in Taihu Lake for active biomonitoring exposures. The biotransformation enzymes 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), the antioxidant defense enzymes catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione content (GSH), and lipoperoxidation (TBARS) and metallothionein (MT) in liver were determined as biomarkers during the field exposure period. At the same time, the contents of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and heavy metals in the surface sediments of biomonitoring sites were measured. The total concentrations of PAHs ranged 378.6-1047.8 µg kg(-1) dry weight, PCBs ranged 0.76-3.27 µg kg(-1), OCPs ranged 1.12-3.08 µg kg(-1), and heavy metal Zn ranged 31.82-85.04 mg kg(-1), Cu ranged 13.04-91.02 mg kg(-1), Ni ranged 4.96-28.66 mg kg(-1), and Pb ranged 9.33-22.44 mg kg(-1). The results indicate that persistent organic pollutants exist mainly in Meiliang Bay, while heavy metals are present mainly in Gong Bay. The integrated biomarker response (IBR) was calculated by combining multiple biomarkers to a single value and used to evaluate the toxically induced stress level of populations in different areas. The results demonstrate that Tuoshan and Mashan in Meiliang Bay as well as Dagongshan in Gong Bay showed higher IBR values compared to the other sites. IBR values were in good agreement with OCP concentrations.