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1.
Viruses ; 15(2)2023 02 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36851657

RESUMO

We conducted a prospective study with the aim of determining HPV prevalence and type distribution in the general female population of Southern Croatia (SDC), and to detect the presence of other microorganisms in the lower part of the female reproductive system and their possible influence on the frequency of HPV infection. Data were collected during routine check-up exams. All participants were examined by a gynecologist, and cervico-vaginal scrapings/swabs were collected, for cytological (Pap smear) and microbiological (for bacterial growth, genital mycoplasmas, chlamydia, and HPV) analysis. Informed consent was obtained from all participants with accompanying questionnaire. A total of 1050 asymptomatic women living in SDC participated in the study during a one-year period, and 107 of them (10.2%) had HR-HPV infection. We found that the presence of some bacteria (Ureaplasma, Chlamydia, and Gardnerella) in the lower part of the female genital system has a positive correlation with the frequency of HPV infection and, consequently, a possible influence on faster progression to cervical dysplasia caused by HPV. We consider that inclusion of screening for sexually transmitted infections as monitoring in women with HPV infection could help to find women at risk of cervical cancer progression.


Assuntos
Microbiota , Infecções por Papillomavirus , Humanos , Feminino , Papillomavirus Humano , Infecções por Papillomavirus/epidemiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Prevalência , Genitália
2.
Cent Eur J Public Health ; 21(1): 26-9, 2013 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23741896

RESUMO

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of HPV types in the female population with either normal or abnormal Pap smears in Southern Croatia (Dalmatia County) and to evaluate the distribution of HPV types and their association with different cytological findings. METHODS: During one year period, we routinely screened 1,160 women for HR HPV at the Educational Public Health Institute of Split and Dalmatia County, by using Hybrid Capture 2 HPV DNA test. Only HR HPV positive specimens determined by HC2 were further genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based assay at the Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Split. RESULTS: Out of the total number of tested women, 406 (35%) of them were positive to HR HPV. The following frequency was observed: HPV 16 in 10.8%, HPV 18 in 7.8%, HPV 31 in 2.3%, HPV 33 in 1.1%, HPV 52 in 0.9%, HPV 45 in 0.6%, and HPV 59 in 0.4% specimens. CONCLUSION: The data obtained from our study indicate that HPV 16 is the most common HPV type found in the cervical specimens among women of Southern Croatia, as in most studies worldwide, followed by HPV 18 and HPV 31. The positivity rates in our study slightly differed for HPV types 18 and 31 from those found in the other studies conducted in Northern Croatia. These suggesting geographic and environmental factors are related to the prevalence of HPV types. We consider it very important to gather information on regional variations in the HPV type spectrum.


Assuntos
Alphapapillomavirus/classificação , Alphapapillomavirus/genética , Técnicas de Genotipagem , Infecções por Papillomavirus/epidemiologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/prevenção & controle , Adulto , Alphapapillomavirus/isolamento & purificação , Croácia/epidemiologia , Feminino , Técnicas de Genotipagem/métodos , Humanos , Programas de Rastreamento , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecções por Papillomavirus/genética , Adulto Jovem
3.
J Obstet Gynaecol Res ; 37(8): 1035-40, 2011 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21481090

RESUMO

AIM: An intrauterine device (IUD), used by millions of women worldwide, is one of the most efficient methods of contraception. The goal of our study was to compare a group of women using the IUD to a control group. MATERIAL & METHODS: The survey included 236 women of fertile age from gynaecological practices in the area of Split and Dalmatia County, Croatia. The subjects were divided into two groups: IUD users and a control group (women not using any contraception methods). Sampling, transportation, sample processing in the laboratory and interpretation of results were conducted using standard microbiological procedures and methods. RESULTS: Opportunistic bacteria were statistically more frequently isolated among IUD users (P < 0.001). The most frequently isolated bacteria in both groups were Escherichia coli and Ureaplasma urealyticum with significantly higher rates in IUD users (P < 0.001). Both colonization and infection had higher rates in IUD users (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences either in the frequency of bacteria isolation regarding different IUD types (P = 0.93), or in relation to duration of IUD use (P = 0.67). CONCLUSIONS: Based on the data in our study IUD users have an increased chance of developing a cervical infection caused by the bacteria Escherichia coli and Ureaplasma urealyticum. Therefore, before IUD insertion women should be screened and treated for asymptomatic vaginal or cervical infections to prevent possible serious IUD-associated infections.


Assuntos
Genitália Feminina/microbiologia , Dispositivos Intrauterinos , Adulto , Croácia/epidemiologia , Escherichia coli/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Escherichia coli/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Dispositivos Intrauterinos/efeitos adversos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Risco , Infecções por Ureaplasma/epidemiologia , Ureaplasma urealyticum/isolamento & purificação , Cervicite Uterina/epidemiologia , Cervicite Uterina/microbiologia , Adulto Jovem
4.
Lijec Vjesn ; 132(3-4): 99-101, 2010.
Artigo em Servo-Croata (Latino) | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20540437

RESUMO

The intrauterine device (IUD), one of the most effective and most common methods of reversible contraception, is used by millions of women worldwide. Although various studies indicate the benefits of its use as a contraceptive method, the greatest concern regarding IUDs is the potential risk for infection. The presence of the IUD gives a solid surface for bacterial attachment and biofilm formation. Infections due to biofilm formation are chronic and difficult to resolve. However, women should be screened and treated for asymptomatic vaginal or cervical infections before IUD insertion. Based on the data in the literature and the data in study conducted in Croatia, it can be concluded that IUD users are at increased risk for development of infection. Treatment strategies in Croatia should take into consideration that Escherichia coli and Ureaplasma urealyticum are dominant causative agents. We conclude that guidelines for the use of IUD in Croatia are a necessity.


Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas/etiologia , Genitália Feminina/microbiologia , Dispositivos Intrauterinos/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto
5.
Int J Gynecol Cancer ; 20(1): 116-9, 2010 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20130511

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To assess the value of Ki-67 quantitative analysis in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in relation to CIN grading and human papillomavirus (HPV) group typing. METHODS: Cervical samples selected retrospectively from 106 cases were analyzed immunohistochemically for Ki-67-positive nuclei in 3 epithelial layers and by polymerase chain reaction for HPV typing. RESULTS: The proportion of high-risk HPV positivity was 0% in normal controls and 30% in CIN 1, 57% in CIN 2, and 90% in CIN 3 groups, and there was no low-risk HPV finding in CIN 2 and CIN 3 cases (P < 0.001). High-risk HPV-positive cases exhibited significantly more Ki-67-positive nuclei per 100-mum basal membrane, which were more frequent in the middle and upper third layers of the epithelium compared with low-risk HPV and HPV-negative cases (P < 0.001). The differences among the CIN groups in the total number and in the percentages of Ki-67-positive nuclei in the lower, middle, and upper third layers of the epithelium were significant (P < 0.001). With the cutoff value of more than 33% Ki-67-positive nuclei in the middle and the upper third layers of the epithelium, Ki-67 staining demonstrated 98.4% sensitivity (60/61 cases) and 97.8% specificity (44/45 cases) for the detection of CIN 2/CIN 3 in our study group. CONCLUSIONS: The Ki-67 immunostaining proved to be predictive for high-risk HPV infection, and it can differentiate reactive lesions from cervical dysplasias. Ki-67 quantitative analysis in 3 epithelial layers is a sensitive and specific method of differentiation between CIN 1 and CIN 2/CIN 3 grades and can be a valuable adjunctive method for more accurate CIN grading.


Assuntos
Antígeno Ki-67/análise , Infecções por Papillomavirus/diagnóstico , Infecções por Papillomavirus/metabolismo , Displasia do Colo do Útero/metabolismo , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/metabolismo , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Estudos de Casos e Controles , DNA Viral/análise , DNA Viral/genética , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , Antígeno Ki-67/metabolismo , Masculino , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Infecções por Papillomavirus/complicações , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/etiologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/patologia , Displasia do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico , Displasia do Colo do Útero/etiologia , Displasia do Colo do Útero/patologia
6.
Coll Antropol ; 31 Suppl 2: 79-82, 2007 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17598509

RESUMO

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer, the second most common cancer in women worldwide. More than 200 types of HPV have been described, and within this range more than 40 types attack epithelium of genital tract. The types that were most commonly related to the development of cervical cancer are called high-risk types (HR HPV). There are very few studies about HPV prevalence in Croatia and there is an absolute lack of data for Split and Dalmatian County. Therefore, during a 6 month period, we routinely screened 570 women for HPV DNA at the Educational Public Health Institute of Split and Dalmatian County. HR HPV was detected in cervical exfoliated cells, by using Hybrid Capture 2 HPV DNA test. Out of the total number of tested women, 200 (35%) of them were positive to HR HPV Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based assays were employed for HR HPV genotyping in positive specimens. The following frequency was observed: HPV 16 in 10%, HPV 18 in 6.1%, HPV 31 in 2.6%, HPV 33 in 1.9%, HPV 52 in 1.4%, HPV 59 in 0.7%, HPV 45 in 0.4% specimens, while 11.9% of tested specimens currently remained untyped. It is necessary to expand this study to a larger number of women, in order to better evaluate genital HPV types distribution among women in this region.


Assuntos
DNA Viral/classificação , Papillomaviridae/classificação , Croácia , DNA Viral/genética , DNA Viral/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , Papillomaviridae/genética , Papillomaviridae/isolamento & purificação , Risco , Esfregaço Vaginal
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