Vitreoretinal alterations following laser in situ keratomileusis: clinical and experimental studies.

BACKGROUND: The presence of vitreoretinal changes following laser in situ keratomileusis in myopia is evaluated. METHODS: Clinically, 50 patients (100 eyes) with marked anisometropic myopia, 50 low-myopic eyes (<4.00 D) and 50 high-myopic eyes (>7.00 D) were prospectively evaluated pre- and postoperatively for the presence of newly recognized entoptic phenomena (vitreous floaters, light flashes, or both), and for vitreoretinal changes using indirect depressed fundus examination, a +90 D preset lens, Goldman three-mirror contact lens, and kinetic ultrasound (KU) before and after bilateral LASIK. Patients with previous partial or total posterior vitreous cortex detachment (PVD) were excluded. Experimentally, groups of adult pigs underwent KU, retinal fluorescein angiography (FA), and electroretinography (ERG) before and after applying the microkeratome suction ring for 30 s. RESULTS: Clinically, 8% (4 eyes) had positive perception of postoperative vitreous floaters in the low myopia group, and 32% (16 eyes) in the high myopia group. Postoperative light flashes were noted only in the high myopia group, in 12% of cases. Partial or total posterior vitreous cortex detachment was detected by biomicroscopy in 2% (1 eye) of the low and in 10% (5 eyes) of the high myopia group and by KU in 4% (2 eyes) of the low and in 24% (12 eyes) of the high myopia group. Experimentally, 2 pig eyes out of 12 developed partial PVD by KU, immediately after microkeratome suction ring application. All pig eyes showed significantly diminished ERG amplitudes during and immediately after suction ring application. No FA changes or delays in retinal circulation time were noted during or immediately after removal of the suction ring. CONCLUSIONS: Vitreoretinal alterations after LASIK were demonstrated clinically mainly by KU in high myopes. Experimentally, PVD were also demonstrated. Diminished ERG recordings with normal retinal circulation following suction ring application may suggest some transient choroidal circulation abnormalities.

MR cholangiography in neonates and infants: feasibility and preliminary applications.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate the accuracy of MR cholangiography in showing the biliary tree in neonates and infants and to show preliminary applications in a pediatric population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: MR cholangiography was performed with T2-weighted turbo spin-echo sequences (8000/300 [TR/TE], six or eight excitations). The study included seven patients with suspected bile duct disorders and 10 control individuals. RESULTS: In the control group, the extrahepatic bile ducts (EHBDs) were revealed by MR cholangiography in all patients. In one of the five patients with neonatal cholestasis, biliary atresia was excluded by identifying the entire EHBD on MR cholangiograms. In the four other patients with neonatal cholestasis, biliary atresia was suspected because the EHBD could not be seen on MR cholangiography. The diagnosis was confirmed in three of these four patients, in whom the MR finding was associated with significant periportal thickening. In the remaining patient, in whom periportal thickening was not seen, sclerosing cholangitis was diagnosed on biopsy. In the sixth patient with neonatal cholestasis, who had received a liver transplant, MR cholangiography showed biliary dilatation above the biliary-digestive anastomosis. In the seventh patient, a neonate with a prenatal diagnosis of hepatic cyst, MR cholangiography showed a choledochal cyst. CONCLUSION: MR cholangiography may become an important diagnostic tool in the detection of biliary atresia, congenital choledochal dilatation, and biliary complications in hepatic transplantation for pediatric patients.

Duplicación útero-vaginal total con hematocolpos: diagnóstico por imágenes por resonancia magnética (IRM) / Utero-vaginal duplication with hematocolpus: diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Se presenta una paciente de 21 años, con duplicación utero-vaginal completa obstrucción de una hemivagina y genesia renal ipsilateral. La ecografía objetiva la duplicación uterina con una masa quística [parauterina. La IRM confirma la duplicación uterina y muestra una massa para e infra uterina con señal hiperintensa en T1 y T2, revelando su naturaleza serohemática. La intervención quirúrgica confirma los hallazgos do IRM (AU)

Duplicación útero-vaginal total con hematocolpos: diagnóstico por imágenes por resonancia magnética (IRM) / Utero-vaginal duplication with hematocolpus: diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Se presenta una paciente de 21 años, con duplicación utero-vaginal completa obstrucción de una hemivagina y genesia renal ipsilateral. La ecografía objetiva la duplicación uterina con una masa quística [parauterina. La IRM confirma la duplicación uterina y muestra una massa para e infra uterina con señal hiperintensa en T1 y T2, revelando su naturaleza serohemática. La intervención quirúrgica confirma los hallazgos do IRM

[Utero-vaginal duplication with hematocolpus. Diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)]. / Duplicación útero-vaginal total con hematocolpos. Diagnóstico por imagenes por resonancia magnética (IRM).

A 21-year-old woman with complete uterus-vaginal duplication, hemivaginal obstruction and ipsilateral renal agenesis is presented. Ultrasonography shows uterus duplication with a parauterine cystic mass. MRI demonstrated uterus duplication and also a para/infra uterine mass with T1 and T2 weighted high-signal-intensity disclosing its serohematic nature. Surgical procedure confirmed the MRI findings.

Duplicación útero-vaginal total con hematocolpos. Diagnóstico por imagenes por resonancia magnética (IRM). / [Utero-vaginal duplication with hematocolpus. Diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)]

A 21-year-old woman with complete uterus-vaginal duplication, hemivaginal obstruction and ipsilateral renal agenesis is presented. Ultrasonography shows uterus duplication with a parauterine cystic mass. MRI demonstrated uterus duplication and also a para/infra uterine mass with T1 and T2 weighted high-signal-intensity disclosing its serohematic nature. Surgical procedure confirmed the MRI findings.