[Investigation on field feces in schistosomiasis endemic areas in Jingzhou City].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the status of field feces in Jingzhou City, so as to provide the evidence for improving the control measures to interrupt the transmission routes of schistosomiasis. METHODS: The distribution of field feces was investigated in 27 schistosomiasis endemic villages in Gong' an, Jianli, Jiangling, Honghu and Shishou counties (cities) from 2010 to 2012. The schistosome positive status of the field feces was surveyed with the hatching method. RESULTS: There were 1366 field feces and the average density was 0.0892 feces per 100 square meters in this survey. The cattle feces, human feces, dog feces and elk feces respectively accounted for 99.71%, 0.07%, 0.15% and 0.07% in the survey. The infection rates of the field feces were 1.46% and 2.42% in the channels and bottomlands, respectively (P > 0.05). The average rate of infected field feces was 3.21% in 2010, 0.36% in 2011, and 1.60% in 2012, and the difference between 2010 and 2012 was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The main field feces come from cattle, and the main distribution of infected field feces is in channels and bottom-lands. Therefore, the management of cattle and treatment of field feces should be strengthened.

[Assessment of risk factors of schistosomiasis transmission control in Jingzhou City].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the key risk factors of schistosomiasis transmission in Jingzhou City, so as to provide the evidence for improving the treatment of these risk factors. METHODS: Each village of six counties was investigated and 3 environments were surveyed each village for the distribution of Oncomelania snails and animal stools in the field. The results were analyzed and the risk factors of schistosomiasis transmission were assessed. RESULTS: The density of living snails was 0.43 snails per 0.1 m2, the frequency of the frames with snails was 9.12%, and no schistosome infected snails were found. All of the animal stools collected from the field were from bovines. The schistosome positive rate of animal stools was 37.50% (3/8) among the environments, and the schistosome infection rate of stools was 8.11% (3/37). The schistosome infection rate of animal stools was 0 near the residence living sites, and the positive rates were 12.50% and 8.33% in the ditches and slopes, respectively (chi2 = 0.07, P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Bovine is still the main infectious source of schistosomiasis, i.e. the main risk factor of the disease transmission. Therefore, the strategy of controlling bovine should be strengthened.