RESUMO
Clenbuterol [benzyl alcohol, 4-amino-alpha-(t-butylamino)methyl-3,5-dichloro] was tested in the finisher ration of broilers in three series of experiments for its effects on performance and carcass characteristics. In Experiment 1, administration of clenbuterol at feed levels of .25, .5, 1, 2, and 4 ppm from 28 to 49 days of age resulted in significant sex combined weight gain improvements at all levels except 4 ppm and significant feed efficiency improvements at all levels tested. Uneviscerated body composition analysis indicated that clenbuterol treatment significantly increased body protein and water content and decreased body fat in female birds. In males, body fat was significantly reduced by 1, 2, and 4 ppm clenbuterol. From these results the 1 ppm level was selected for further testing. In Experiments 2 and 3, clenbuterol fed from 28 to 49 days of age significantly improved sex combined weight gain and feed efficiency and both male and female 49-day weights. Carcass yield was significantly increased in males and females by 1.11 and 1.91 percentage points, respectively. Abdominal fat was significantly reduced by clenbuterol feeding only in females. Carcass analysis indicated that clenbuterol-fed birds had a significantly lower carcass fat content. In Experiments 4 to 7, clenbuterol was administered at 1 ppm in the finishing feed but was withdrawn 3 to 5 days prior to terminal performance and carcass evaluations. Clenbuterol significantly improved sex combined weight gain and feed efficiency, and 49-day weights for both sexes. Carcass yield was significantly increased in males and females by .54 and .98 percentage points, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Assuntos
Composição Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Galinhas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Clembuterol/farmacologia , Etanolaminas/farmacologia , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Animais , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Galinhas/metabolismo , Metabolismo Energético , Feminino , Aditivos Alimentares , Masculino , Fatores SexuaisAssuntos
Galinhas/metabolismo , Fosfatos/metabolismo , Ração Animal , Animais , Biofarmácia , Cálcio da Dieta/metabolismo , Dieta , Feminino , Masculino , Fosfatos/administração & dosagem , Ácidos Fosfóricos/administração & dosagem , Ácidos Fosfóricos/metabolismo , Glycine max , Tíbia/análise , Zea maysAssuntos
Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Animal , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Galinhas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Glucose/farmacologia , Ouro/farmacologia , Ração Animal , Animais , Feminino , Glucose/toxicidade , Ouro/administração & dosagem , Ouro/toxicidade , Injeções Intramusculares , Masculino , CamundongosRESUMO
Aspergillosis was induced experimentally in hatching chick embryos by dipping them in water containing spores of Aspergillus fumigatus or A. flavus. The addition to the dip water of antifungal compounds prevented the development of this syndrome. Of the compounds studied, amphotericin B was most effective, followed by pimaricin and nystatin. Sorbic acid was without effect.
