Papillary cystadenoma of epididymis: Is there a need for further investigation in unilateral cases?

INTRODUCTION: The presence of a mass in the epididymis is not a common entity. The papillary cystadenoma of epididymis is a benign tumor which may occur sporadically or as a characteristic of von Hippel-Lindau disease. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We present a case of a 27-year-old man with a right scrotal mass who was treated with surgical excision. Histopathological examination revealed a clear cell epididymal papillary cystadenoma. A computed tomography scan that was performed later showed no other abnormality or any signs of von Hippel-Lindau disease. DISCUSSION: In this report, a case of a young man suffering from this rare tumor is discussed, focusing on the need of further evaluation in order to determinate if it occurs as a feature of VHL disease or as a sporadic form. CONCLUSION: In unilateral cases of papillary cystadenoma of epididymis such as our patient's, literature advocates that no further examinations and expensive genetic testing is required.

Urethral hairballs as a long-term complication of hypospadias repair: two case reports.

Many times hair-bearing urethral grafts have been used inadvertently in the treatment of hypospadias. This can be accompanied with numerous troublesome long-term complications such as formation of stones, diverticula, and hairballs. We report two cases of men with a history of hypospadias repair being affected by such complications. We also discuss about their management and the effect of thioglycolic acid instillation to stop hair growth in the urethra mucosa in the second case.

Urinothorax-an underdiagnosed cause of acute dyspnea: report of a bilateral and of an ipsilateral urinothorax case.

Urinothorax (UT) is a rare and often undiagnosed condition, defined as the presence of urine in the pleural cavity due to the retroperitoneal leakage of urine accumulation, known as urinoma, into the pleural space. UT usually is a transudative pleural effusion that presents in patients with obstructive uropathy and it may occur following surgical procedures in the ureter or kidney such as ESWL, PCNL, and URS. Its diagnosis requires a high degree of clinical suspicion since the respiratory symptoms tend to be absent or mild and the urological signs tend to dominate. However, UT may rarely present with severe and acute dyspnea as well. The objectives of this study are to describe two new cases of this rare entity, a bilateral case and an ipsilateral case focusing on the side that occurs according to the affected renal insult, and to alert the physicians to include UT in their differential diagnosis of pleural effusions especially in patients with recent urinary tract disorders.