Randomized comparison of olanzapine versus risperidone for the treatment of first-episode schizophrenia: 4-month outcomes.

OBJECTIVE: The authors compared 4-month treatment outcomes for olanzapine versus risperidone in patients with first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders. METHOD: One hundred twelve subjects (70% male; mean age=23.3 years [SD = 5.1]) with first-episode schizophrenia (75%), schizophreniform disorder (17%), or schizoaffective disorder (8%) were randomly assigned to treatment with olanzapine (2.5-20 mg/day) or risperidone (1-6 mg/day). RESULTS: Response rates did not significantly differ between olanzapine (43.7%, 95% CI=28.8%-58.6%) and risperidone (54.3%, 95% CI=39.9%-68.7%). Among those responding to treatment, more subjects in the olanzapine group (40.9%, 95% CI=16.8%-65.0%) than in the risperidone group (18.9%, 95% CI=0%-39.2%) had subsequent ratings not meeting response criteria. Negative symptom outcomes and measures of parkinsonism and akathisia did not differ between medications. Extrapyramidal symptom severity scores were 1.4 (95% CI=1.2-1.6) with risperidone and 1.2 (95% CI=1.0-1.4) with olanzapine. Significantly more weight gain occurred with olanzapine than with risperidone: the increase in weight at 4 months relative to baseline weight was 17.3% (95% CI=14.2%-20.5%) with olanzapine and 11.3% (95% CI=8.4%-14.3%) with risperidone. Body mass index at baseline and at 4 months was 24.3 (95% CI=22.8-25.7) versus 28.2 (95% CI=26.7-29.7) with olanzapine and 23.9 (95% CI=22.5-25.3) versus 26.7 (95% CI=25.2-28.2) with risperidone. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical outcomes with risperidone were equal to those with olanzapine, and response may be more stable. Olanzapine may have an advantage for motor side effects. Both medications caused substantial rapid weight gain, but weight gain was greater with olanzapine.

Mucoproteinas séricas en pediatria (glucoproteinas perclorosolubles, seromucoide): su dosificación por el método de Winzler, Devor, Mehl y Smyth: cifras normales en niños de 5 a 14 años

Esta comunicación presenta un estudio sobre las mucoproteínas séricas (glupoproteínas perclorosolubles, seromucoides), realizado con el método de Winzler, Devor, Mehl y Smyth en 200 niños de los cuales cien eran normales y cien con patología diversa, ingresados estos últimos, por los más variados motivos, en las salas de medicina o que pertenecían a la consulta externa del Hospital Infantil Docente de la Habana "Pedro Borrás Astorga"....(AU)

Valor de la reacción de Jirgl en el diagnóstico de los ícteros obstructivos

Los autores practican por primera vez en Cuba, la reacción del íctero obstructivo de Jirgl.....(AU)