Concurrent Tissue Engineering for Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats Utilizing Dual Actions of Green Synthesized CuO NPs Prepared from Two Plants Grown in Egypt.

Purpose: Diabetes mellitus is among the disrupting factors of orchestrated events in wound healing. This necessitates the urge for tailored medications, which are continually offered by nano-sized materials. Herein, we present greenly synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs), obtained from either Punica granatum L. (PG) or Pisidium guajava L. (GV) extract, to function as potent bactericidal and fungicidal materials that promote regeneration and healing of the targeted diabetic wounded tissues. Methods: PG or GV plant extracts were compared as source of reducing agents for CuO NPs synthesis process. The yield and photocatalytic degradation potential were compared. NPs obtained from the superior extract, PG, were characterized using particles size, zeta potential, XRD, TEM, SEM, and EDX. The antimicrobial effects were evaluated on multidrug-resistant human pathogens and then the percentage biofilm inhibitory concentration was determined. The cytotoxicity and wound scratch study were conducted on a normal human skin cell line. In-vivo wound healing activity in diabetic rats was assessed along with histopathological and immunohistochemical examination of CD45 and α-SMA. Results: The greenly synthesized CuO NPs are spherical in shape having a diameter of 233nm. CuO NPs (250µg/mL) acted as promising biocontrol agent against a variety of multidrug-resistant human pathogens. They significantly exhibited 29.460±0.811% healing of the scratched wound compared to only 2.001±0.155% for the control. Wound healing experiments revealed the safety of a low CuO NPs concentration in a diabetic animal model as well as on human normal skin fibroblast cell line. The treated group with a dose of 2mg/cm2 showed superior results with a WC50 value of 7.2 days, and 92% wound contraction after 13-days. Immunohistochemical investigation of the same group demonstrated well-established fibrous tissue (5.7±3.7/HPF), and an amplified granulation tissue of recently developed blood vessels (70±1.5/HPF). Conclusion: Green synthesized CuO NPs could overcome drug resistance and promote wound healing process effectively.

Pigmented villonodular synovitis of the knee: a description of two cases treated in arthroscopy.

The authors present two cases of pigmented villonodular synovitis of the knee. After a discussion of the aspecificity of clinical findings and difficulties in diagnosis based on radiographic evaluation, they conclude that diagnosis may be possible preoperatively by MRI, and that arthroscopic surgery allows for suitable treatment of localized forms of the disease.

[Surgical correction of osteoarthritic genu varum by the hemicallotasis technique]. / La correction chirurgicale du genu varum arthrosique par la technique de l'hémicallotasis.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The aim of this short study is to highlight the role of the hemicallotasis method in correcting genu varum associated with osteoarthritis. MATERIAL AND METHOD: 160 cases are described. The first step was to apply a Dynamic Axial Fixator (DAF) with a lockable ball joint. A metaphyseal osteotomy was performed proximal to the anterior tuberosity of the tibia together with an osteotomy of the middle third of the fibula. After an initial 10 to 12 day neutralization period, distraction began with gradual axial correction to achieve an over correction of 2-3 degrees valgus. This was confirmed by a full limb radiograph allowing evaluation of the mechanical axes. The mean duration of distraction in this series was 14 days and the fixator was removed on the average at 3 months. Partial weight bearing was allowed with crutches on the first postoperative day. RESULTS: Preliminary clinical and radiographic review of 58 patients with an average follow-up of 18 months showed satisfactory results in 80 per cent of the cases. Clinical evaluation was performed with the standardized parameters in use at the Hospital for Special Surgery. Only 2 postoperative complications of any importance occurred, requiring early removal of the fixator. DISCUSSION: Comparison of the hemicallotasis method with traditional methods highlights the quick easy application of the technique with the possibility of gradual axial correction and early weight bearing. In addition, the technique does not preclude subsequent total knee replacement. CONCLUSION: The authors conclude that the method is safe particularly when the indication is well determined.

Cup arthroplasty of the hip: personal experience in 15 cases.

The authors review the disadvantages associated with total hip prostheses and review the indications for cup arthroplasty. They present their case material based on fifteen patients who underwent this operation in the period 1978-1979. The satisfactory results obtained, as assessed two years after operation, confirm the effectiveness of this operation where it is indicated.

Surgical reconstruction of the base of the acetabulum in migration of acetabular prostheses.

The writers consider the problem posed by loosening and migration of the acetabular component of prostheses of the hip. They describe a surgical technique for reconstructing the base of the acetabulum, which is an indispensable pre-condition for the application of a new prosthesis.

[Treatment of algodystrophic syndromes with calcitonin]. / Trattamento delle sindromi algodistrofiche con la calcitonina.

A general account of algodystrophic syndromes is followed by the presentation of results obtained with 160 MRC U/day extracted pig or 100 MRC U/day synthetic salmon calcitonin in 95 patients with the most common form (Sudeck's syndrome). Clinical, biohumoral and radiographic data are reported. There was no difference in the response to the two products. Excellent results were noted, first clinically and then radiographically. Some radiographs are presented.

Pig calcitonin in the treatment of localised osteoporosis.

On the basis of positive results obtained in the treatment of Sudeck's atrophy with calcitonin, the authors extended their investigation to other forms of localised osteoporosis. Six patients were examined affected by osteoporosis secondary to immobilisation, three patients with osteoporosis of the lower limbs from paralysis of the sciatic nerve and six patients with migrant osteoporosis. Treatment was as follows: pig calcitonin (Calcitar) in doses of 160 u MRC/daily + calcium gluconate in doses of 3 gr/daily. The duration of treatment averaged forty five days. In osteoporosis from immobilisation and nerve lesions the calcitonin treatment did not influence the condition and there was no change in radiographic appearances nor was there any analgesic action. On the other hand, the results were clearly positive in migrant osteoporosis: in all the patients treated there was complete regression of pain, cutaneous trophic changes, and functional loss. At a later stage, normal radiographic appearances were restored.

[Calcitonin, calcium lactate-gluconate + potassium phosphate, calcium phosphate: changes induced in the biology of the patient with multiple fractures]. / Calcitonina, lattato-gluconato di Ca + fosfato di K, fosfato di Ca: modificazioni indotte sulla biologia del polifratturato

The effects of multiple injuries on the principle aspects of bone physiology are reviewed from the literature. In a clinical trial involving 14 patients with multiple fractures excluding cranial injuries, 5 were given porcine Calcitonin, two calcium gluconate-lactate with added potassium phosphate, and two calcium phosphate. Five patients acted as controls. The parameters under study were modified to varying degrees by the different substances. It was found that Calcitonin had no effect whatsoever on the healing of bone which remained virtually unaltered by the other compounds under trial.